题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
1. Chinese character are written in the complex(复杂的)form. Although simplified(简单的) Chinese characters were accepted for use many years ago, it seems that more and more people like Chinese characters written in the complex form.
2. Many goods are produced in China but carry foreign names, which sound strange and have no meaning at all.
3. Words and expressions being used have a bad meaning. “Ba”(霸), which means bully(巨大的)in Chinese, is one example. Now there are a lot of goods, restaurants, even factories or firms, with “Ba” in their names.
4. There are too many incorrect grammatical expressions. Some films have strange names and incorrect grammatical structures(结构). “Ai ni mei shang liang”, which means “I love you without consulting”, is grammatically incorrect and this kind of expression is now becoming popular.
Some language experts point out that language pollution must be done away with, which is an idea shared by many others and myself.
小题1:.The writer of the passage suggests that______.
| A．something be done to make our language pure |
| B．the Chinese language not have the word “Ba” |
| C．everything have a good name and a good meaning |
| D．everybody try their best to stop language pollution |
| A．great difference exists between the Chinese characters written in the complex form and simplified form |
| B．language used by our newspapers, TV programs, pop songs and advertisements are getting polluted |
| C．many people agree with the experts on language pollution in China |
| D．some film writers haven’t studied Chinese grammar |
| A．got away | B．recycled | C．cleaned | D．ended |
| A．More Attention to Grammar. | B．Experts’ Good Advice. |
| C．Films with Strange Names. | D．Pollution of our Language. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：
小题1:.A 推理题。根据文章最后一段说明我们都认为要采取行动来净化我们的语言，故A正确。
小题2:.B 推理题。根据文章第一段You can find language pollution whenever you open a newspaper or turn on your TV set, listen to a popular song at various advertisements.说明现在报纸，电视，新闻里有太多的语言的污染，故B正确。
小题3:.C 猜测词义题。本文章最后一段Some language experts point out that language pollution must be done away with, which is an idea shared by many others and myself.说明很多专家都指出语言污染应该被清除，故C正确。
小题4:.D主旨大意题。本文是关于语言的污染的问题，故D正确。
点评：本文讲述了我们要采取行动来净化我们的语言，把语言中的一些不好的污染清除。集中考查了推理题，做此类题时，学生应尽可能地利用生词所在的上下文来猜测，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。
核心考点
试题【You can find language pollution whenever you open a newspaper or turn on your TV】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, blizzards (暴风雪), landslides and droughts killed at least a quarter million people in 2010 – the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years combined.
“It just seemed like it was back-to-back(接二连三) and it came in waves,” said Craig Fugate, who heads the US Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010.
“The term “100-year event’ really lost its meaning this year.”
And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say.
Even though many disasters have the ring of random chance, the hand of man made this a particularly deadly, costly, extreme and strange year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes.
Poor construction and development practices make earthquakes more deadly than they need be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable buildings（危房） in crowded cities. That means that when the ground shakes, the river floods, or the tropical cyclone hits, more people die.
Disasters from the Earth, such as earthquakes and volcanoes “are pretty much constant,” said Andreas Schraft, vice president of catastrophic perils for the Geneva-based insurance giant Swiss Re. “All the change that’s made is man-made.”
The January earthquake that killed well more than 220,000 people in Haiti is a perfect example. Port-au-Prince has nearly three times as many people – many of them living in poverty- and more poorly built shanties(棚户区) ,than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2010; total deaths would have probably been in the 80,000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International University.
Climate scientists say Earth’s climate also is changing thanks to man-made global warming, bringing extreme weather, such as heat waves and flooding.
The excessive(过多的) amount of extreme weather that dominated 2010 is a classic sign of man-made global warming that climate scientists have long warned about. They calculate that the killer Russian heat wave – setting a national record of 111 degrees – would happen once every 100,000 years without global warming.
Data show that 18 countries broke their records for the hottest day ever.
“The Earth strikes back in response to bad human decision-making,” said Debarati Guha Sapir.” “It’s almost as if the policies, the government policies and development policies, are helping the Earth strike back instead of protecting from it. We’ve created conditions where the slightest thing the Earth does is really going to have a surprising impact.” White House science adviser John Holdren said we should get used to climate disasters or do something about global warming. “The science is clear that we can expect more and more of these kinds of damaging events unless and until society has sharply reduced the amount of heat-trapping gases and particles(颗粒).”
小题1:From paragraph 1 to paragraph 3, we learn ___________________________.
| A．what natural disasters mean to the people all over the world |
| B．how terrorism attacks struck in the past four decades |
| C．how the Earth struck back in 2010 |
| D．why the world saw so many disasters in 2010 |
| A．poor construction largely accounts for more deaths than expected |
| B．man’s behaviours are to blame for the constant occurrence of natural disasters |
| C．the extreme weather mainly contributes to the disaster of the quake |
| D．the country’s poverty and over- crowdedness results in the disaster |
| A．Environment protection should be taken into account in policy-making. |
| B．Natural disasters are causing increase. |
| C．The earth wouldn’t strike back but for the destruction by man. |
| D．Conditions should be created to rid the influence of disasters. |
| A．to forecast the happening of natural disasters accurately |
| B．to build stronger houses that can stand severe earthquakes and floods |
| C．to make better decisions and policies of city development |
| D．to send out much fewer greenhouse gases and particles |
| A．The major causes of natural disasters. |
| B．The human unawareness of environment protection. |
| C．The harmonious relationship between humans and nature. |
| D．The serious results of global warming and earthquakes. |
“Oh good,” he said, “Have you got the results of the test?”
The professor looked at him and smiled.
“Ah, it’s you, Baines, just a minute.”
Then he reached into his pocket and took out a coin. He threw it into the air, caught it in his hand and looked at it.
“I’m terribly sorry, Baines,” he said, “You failed!”
小题1: Fred often went to the Students’ Union where he ________ .
| A．worked extra hours | B．enjoyed himself in the bar |
| C．borrowed books | D．attended a few lectures |
| A．an excellent mark | B．a low mark | C．his usual mark | D．the pass mark |
| A．didn’t mark the test papers correctly |
| B．tossed a coin when he marked test papers |
| C．knew about Fred’s method |
| D．thought Fred’s method was good |
| A．unnecessary | B．valuable | C．useless | D．a waste |
Some days I didn’t want to go to school because I felt so disappointed in myself but I don’t regret a thing. It makes you stronger as a person, and if you are able to mend your friendships like I have done, then you can do anything.
My mom always told me, “Stephanie, remember that a friend is a gift that you give to yourself. A friend will always be there for the good and the bad. A true friend will never make fun of you. If a friend is a piece of work, then he or she has never been a friend at all. A friend is the biggest gift to you.”
Everyone is going to make mistakes but please don’t push them away, especially if it’s someone you really care about. I know when I make mistake I beat myself up about it. I just wish someone would have reached out a hand to help me back up on my feet like my best friend did. If someone is new or doesn’t have a friend, please reach out and befriend them because that small action could mean the world to them. Now that I’m older, I understand what my mom has been trying to tell me, and now I know that the friends that I choose will also be the kinds of friends that I would want to be surrounded by forever.
小题1:The writer was unwilling to go to school because ______.
| A．she was disappointed in herself |
| B．she regretted something he had done |
| C．she was busy trying to fix a friendship |
| D．she went to by a gift for her mother |
| A．often gives you gifts |
| B．makes you happy |
| C．does both good and bad things to you |
| D．never makes fun of you |
| A．doesn’t have many friends |
| B．doesn’t think that friends will make her truly happy |
| C．understands what a friend means to her |
| D．has nothing except her family and three girlfriends |
| A．Making friends with some lonely people will bring them warmth |
| B．Your friend should not make mistakes in face of you. |
| C．Mother told me what friend is. |
| D．You should care about your friend. |
小题1:Hundreds of years ago, Sir Francis Bacon found _______.
| A．the temperature of warm water drops faster than that of cold water |
| B．warm water is heavier than cold water |
| C．warm water has the same temperature as cold water |
| D．warm water is not as useful as cold water |
| A．late in the 19th century | B．early in the 20th century |
| C．three years ago | D．late in the 20th century |
| A．cold water freezes first |
| B．warm water turns into ice before cold water |
| C．warm water and cold water freeze at the same time |
| D．much of cold water is changed into air. |
| A．Because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount(数量) becomes less than that of cold water. |
| B．Because warm water is lighter than cold water. |
| C．Because the temperature of warm water is lower than that of cold water. |
| D．Because cold water freezes with more difficulty than warm water. |
Researchers studied 29 dogs. The dogs were shown a movie where a woman looked directly at them and said “Hi dog!” Then, the woman looked at a flowerpot sitting next to her. The researchers found that when the woman looked at and spoke directly to a dog, the dog usually followed her eyes to the flowerpot. It proved that the dogs knew that the woman was thinking about the flowerpot.
“By following the eye movements of dogs, we were able to get a first-hand look at how their minds are actually working,” said Jozsef, the senior researcher.
Later in the movie, the woman said “Hi dogs” in a low voice and didn’t look at the dog before looking at the flowerpot. In that situation, the dogs didn’t seem to understand what the woman was thinking. There was no eye contact, and the woman didn’t appear to speak to the dogs directly.
That comes as no surprise to dog trainer Jones. “Dogs normally speak through nonverbal signals. It’s more natural to them,” she said. “If you’ve ever watched dogs at a dog park, you’ve seen it. Within 30 seconds they enter the park, much information has passed between the new dog and the ones already in the park. They’re exchanging looks, observing eyes and body posture. On the other hand, when you speak to a dog, they are learning a foreign language.”
Picking up your nonverbal signals seems more natural. So, if you were hoping that all this means your dog could help you solve your math problems, you’re probably out of luck. But he or she might be a lot more in tune with what you’re thinking than you previously thought.
小题1:How could the researchers find that the dogs understood the woman’s intention?
| A．By speaking to them directly. |
| B．By reading their eye movements. |
| C．By following their facial expressions. |
| D．By asking the dog trainer questions. |
| A．dogs usually speak through verbal signals |
| B．dogs learn a great deal more at a dog park |
| C．dogs can understand humans’ words easily |
| D．dogs speak through eyes and body language |
| A．you manage to get their attention |
| B．you like making friends with them |
| C．you are familiar with their behavior |
| D．you can pick up their verbal signals |
| A．refuse | B．approve | C．understand | D．love |
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