题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Nuclear power plants create energy using a chemical reaction that produces large amounts of heat. Reactors(反应堆)in Japan have many long, thin rods, called fuel rods(棒), which must be kept cool.
If the reactor’s fuel rods aren’t cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That’s what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned(发生故障). This overheating could cause radiation to escape and sicken many people.
Japan’s 54 nuclear reactors are built to withstand the many small or moderate earthquakes the country faces each year. But Friday’s earthquake was one of the most severe earthquakes ever recorded.
People exposed to unsafe levels of radiation have a higher than normal risk of getting cancer. The Japanese government has been distributing potassium iodide(碘化钾)pills to people in the surrounding areas to protect those who may have come in contact with radiation from the power plant. The pills flood the body with healthy potassium iodide. The potassium iodide works to crowd out “bad” iodine in the body that may have been poisoned by radiation.
On Tuesday morning, 750 workers left the Fukushima Daiichi plant. However, 50 workers stayed behind to use sweater to cool the fuel rods. These dedicated employees are risking their own lives to save many others.
On Thursday, officials used helicopters, fire trucks, and water cannons to spray water on the reactors to cool the fuel rods. But it’s not clear whether these efforts were successful. Officials are now working on a power line to restore electricity to the plant. They hope this will help restart the plant’s cooling system and stop the fuel rods from leaking radiation.
小题1:The underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 probably means .
| A．help | B．rest | C．stop | D．leave |
| A．The local people are scared and ready to run away. |
| B．The earthquake led to many deaths and caused damage to roads. |
| C．The Japanese government has found a kind of pill that can treat cancer. |
| D．The two stations were damaged because their cooling systems didn’t work. |
| A．lack of help |
| B．international aids |
| C．the government’s efforts |
| D．the result of the disaster |
| A．a research paper |
| B．a newspaper report |
| C．a class presentation |
| D．a chemistry textbook |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析：
小题1:D 推理题。根据The Japanese government has ordered people living within 12 and a half miles of the plant to evacuate, and asked those living 12 and a half to 20 miles away to stay indoors.可知政府让住在离核电站12.5英里这些人离开，之外的人待在家里，不要外出，以免受到辐射。故D正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第三段2，3行If the reactor’s fuel rods aren’t cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That’s what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned(发生故障).说明正是因为冷却装置出来问题才导致这两个核电站被破坏，故D正确。
小题3:C 细节题。文章的最后一段都是政府为了避免灾难所做的各种努力，故C正确。
小题4:B 推理题。文章简述了福岛核电站的危机以及政府的救援行动，最有可能是新闻报道，不会是研究论文和班级简报，或者化学教科书。故B正确。
点评：文章简述了福岛核电站的危机以及政府的救援行动。主要还是考查了细节题注重综合语言能力的运用，结合语境，做出准确的判断。
核心考点
试题【The deadly earthquake and tsunami (海啸) that struck Japan on March 11 damaged two】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In a recent press release, the Brazilian government confirmed the existence of another isolated tribe of about 200 people living in the Vale do Javari reservation. The 200 people living in the Vale do Javari reservation. The reservation, located near the Peruvian border, is about the size of Portugal. At least another 14 isolated tribes, with a total population of about 2000, call the area home.
The newly observed group lives on four large straw-roofed buildings and grows corn, peanut and other crops.
Brazil’s National Indian Foundation (BNTF) first noticed the reservation in the forest using satellite maps, but it wasn’t until April that an airplane expedition was able to confirm the tribe’s existence. “The work of finding and protecting isolated groups is part of Brazilian public policy,” said the BNIF officer for Vale do Javari, Fabricio Amorim. “To confirm something like this takes years of hard work.”
BNIF estimates there are 68 isolated tribes living in the Amazon. The organization uses airplanes to avoid disturbing the tribes through personal contact, but that doesn’t mean others are so respectful of their right to privacy.
Illegal fishing, woodcutting and hunting bring people into the protected area. Oil exploration on the Peruvian side of the border is another threat. All kinds of criminals also invade the lands of the local groups, said Amorim. The outsiders can damage the land and influence the cultures of indigenous(土著的)peoples. They can also bring diseases which can wipe out the whole population that still lack even basic antibiotics(抗生素).
Brazil’s indigenous peoples won the legal right to their traditional lands in Brazil’s 1988 Constitution, which stated that all indigenous lands shall be divided and turned over to tribes within five years. Indigenous groups now control 11 percent of Brazil’s territory, including 22 percent of the Amazon.
Allowing indigenous groups the right homelands is not just a matter of human rights. The rest of the world can benefit from their knowledge. Mark Plotkin has spent years living with the people of the Amazon and learning from their traditional healers. In his lecture, he pointed out that many useful materials and knowledge, including numerous drugs, can be gained from listening to the indigenous groups of the Amazon. Besides this, they are also more effective at protecting the land, and less expensive, than hired rangers(护林人).
小题1:The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means “a state of ”.
| A．separation | B．interaction |
| C．satisfaction | D．excitement |
| A．only live on a reservation designated for them |
| B．prefer straw-roofed buildings to wooden ones |
| C．keep contact with the outside world through airplanes |
| D．have the legal right to the land they live on |
| A．Privacy violation is common among the Amazon tribes. |
| B．The laws dividing the lands of the tribes are far from enough. |
| C．Modern civilization endangers the tribes and their cultures. |
| D．It is hard to make public policy to protect primitive tribes. |
| A．the lost human rights of the indigenous peoples |
| B．the benefits of protecting the primitive tribes |
| C．the value of traditional healing |
| D．the indigenous peoples as guardians of the Amazon forest |
Jesse’s uncle, Vance Folsenzier, ran back into the sea and found the shark that had attacked his nephew. He picked the shark up and threw it onto the beach. A coastguard shot the fish four times and although this did not kill it, the shark’s jaws relaxed so that they could open them, and reach down into its stomach, and pull out the boys’ arm.
At the Baptist Hospital in Pensacola, Dr Ian Rogers spent eleven hours reattaching Jesse’s arm. “It was a complicated operation,” he said, “but we were lucky. If the arm hadn’t been recovered in time, we wouldn’t have been able to do the operation at all. What I mean is that if they hadn’t found the shark, we wouldn’t have had a chance.”
According to the local park ranger Jack Tomosvic, shark attacks are not that common. “Jesse was just unlucky,” he says, “evening is the shark’s feeding time. And Jesse was in an area without lifeguards. This would never have happened if he had been in an area where swimming is allowed.”
When reporters asked Jesse’s uncle how he had had the courage to fight against a shark, he replied, “I was mad and you do some strange things when you’re mad.”
小题1:What was the boy doing when the accident happened?
| A．Feeding a hungry shark. |
| B．Jumping into the rough sea. |
| C．Dragging a boy to the shore. |
| D．Swimming in a dangerous area. |
| A．By finding his lost arm. |
| B．By making a phone call. |
| C．By flying him to hospital. |
| D．By blowing into his mouth. |
| A．Careful. | B．Brave. | C．Optimistic. | D．Patient. |
| A．people are often attacked by sharks |
| B．sharks never attack people |
| C．Jesse was unlucky to have been attacked by a shark |
| D．Jesse was swimming in a safe area at the moment |
The price meant its value had risen more than 2,000 per cent in six years . The work , Eagle standing on pine tree with four-character coupleti（对联）, measures about 2.6 metres by 1 metre . It was the second highest price paid for an artwork on the mainland . A Song dynasty work by Huang Tingjian was sold for 436.8 million yuan in 2010 . Qi’s painting was finished in 1946 when Qi was 86 , and was his largest work . With a starting price of 88 million yuan , it attracted nearly 50 bids（出价）in half an hour . Shanghai businessman Liu Yiqian said that the work had belonged to him and had cost less than 20 million yuan in 2005 . The auction company said the work was brought back to the mainland after being bought from a private owner in San Francisco six years ago .
China ranked first in global art sales last year , ahead of the United States and Britain . Four Chinese artists were among the top 10 in worldwide sales : Qi Baishi , Zhang Daqian , Xu Beihong and Fu Baoshi . Qi’s works ranked second in sales to Pablo Picasso’s last year . Qi was born into a peasant family in Hunan in 1864 . He taught himself to paint and focused on nature including plants , insects , birds and fish . He is mostly well-known for his paintings of shrimps . In 1953 , he was elected president of the Association of Chinese Artists . He died in Beijing in 1957 .
小题1:What’s the best title of the text ?
| A．Qi Baishi’s Painting Was Discovered . |
| B．Qi Baishi’s Painting Was Brought Back . |
| C．Qi Baishi’s Painting Sets an Auction Record . |
| D．The Value of Qi Baishi’s Paintings Is on the Increase . |
| A．Qi Baishi’s . | B．Huang Tingjian’s . |
| C．Xu Beihong’s . | D．Zhang Daqian’s . |
| A．337.5 . | B．348.8 . | C．50 . | D．11.3 . |
| A．Qi finished the painting when he was young . |
| B．The painting was once stolen by an American . |
| C．The owner of this painting Liu Yiqian gained a lot of money . |
| D．Pablo Picasso’s works ranked second in sales to Qi’s last year . |
| A．computer book | B．library guide |
| C．technology magazine | D．newspaper report |
Americans in the millions are returning to their love affair with the movies. Motion picture industry experts see two main factors responsible for this: an increased need by Americans to escape from economic worries and a large number of new movies with broad audience appeal.
Movie makers admit that their rising popularity is partly the result of poor economic conditions, which traditionally bring an increase in theater attendance. “When people are fearful about the future, they look for escape,” comments Jack Valenti, president of the Motion Picture Association of America. “In a shaded theater, with a 65-foot screen, you lose yourself for two and a half hours and people find this beneficial.”
小题1:What did movie makers worry about before?
| A．That people preferred watching TV to seeing films. |
| B．That movies couldn’t be a business any more. |
| C．That their movies might be played on television. |
| D．That no one would go to the cinema. |
| A．Because people now have much more money. |
| B．Because people wanted to escape from real life. |
| C．Because people have troubles. |
| D．Because watching movies is now much cheaper than watching TV. |
| A．become attractive | B．become amazing |
| C．become bad | D．become popular |
| A．economy | B．love | C．tradition | D．not mentioned |
Although they are now depending on the Internet more often than before to communicate with others who have the same professions, hobbies and interests, online shopping still remains unpopular in China． Three-quarters of users surveyed have never bought anything over the Internet, and 10 percent do shopping even once a month．Among those who do buy online.most pay for entertainment while others buy phone cards, or computer hardwares or so of iwares．
"Many people don"t trust the quality of goods bought online," the researcher said． "If they buy something in a store and don"t like it, they can easily bring it back．"
The survey was done in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Changsha． There-
sults do not necessarily show the situation countrywide because internet use in the countryside is lower than in cities． The study showed that the typical netizensc网民） in the five cities are richer and more highly educated． Males make up two-thirds of the group, and more than 80 percent of users are under 24． As the age increases, the percentage of netizens decreases．
China has more than 20 million people online, however, forty-two percent say they do not use search engines．Others seek entertainment news, as well as information useful for work or study online． Baidu．com is used by half of those surveyed, compared with a quarter for Go-ogle, the leading search engine in the United States．
小题1:The passage is mainly about ．
| A．shopping online | B．Internet use in China |
| C．the typical Chinese netizens | D．popular search engines |
| A．likes to send e-mails | B．likes to buy goods online |
| C．likes to pay for entertainment | D．likes the games sites |
| A．it is more difficult to return the goods |
| B．most people haven"t got computers |
| C．people can"t have a look at the goods |
| D．goods bought online are of good quality |
| A．Well educated． | B．Richer． | C．Female． | D．Young． |
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