题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Last weekend, Wang Lin and I showed two foreigners around our city. Mr Singh was from India and Mr. White from USA. When I held out my left hand to shake hands with him, Mr. Singh seemed to be unhappy. Mr. White, however, was quite casual. He said hello to me with a big smile and a wave of his hand.
In the evening, we stopped at a restaurant for dinner. I noticed that Mr. Singh didn’t touch the beef and Mr. White seemed not to like chickens’ claws. During the meal, Wang Lin said sorry to Mr. Singh and continued to explain that we didn’t know it was a taboo in India to shake one’s left hand. Mr. Singh explained that since oxen are sacred(神圣的) in India, people don’t eat beef there. Mr. White joined in and said that it was not usual in the states for people to eat chickens’ claws. He went on to say that Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. Marriage, job and age are their taboos. Isn’ t it a good lesson to remember?
| Main idea | The taboos in every country are ____小题1:_____. People sometimes feel ____小题2:____ if one breaks a taboo. | |
| Facts | In India | Indians don’ t eat ____ 小题3:___because they think oxen are sacred. It’ s 小题4: to shake one’ s left hand. |
| In the USA | Although it’ s not a taboo, Americans 小题5: eat chickens’ claws | |
| Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. For example, they usually don’t ask someone else’s 小题6: , job or 小题7: . | ||
| Conclusion | If you pay 小题8: to taboos, you can get on 小题9: with the people with different 小题10: . | |
答案
小题1:different
小题2:uncomfortable
小题3:beef
小题4:rude/impolite
小题5:never/seldom
小题6:marriage
小题7:age
小题8:attention
小题9:well
小题10:cultures
解析
试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了世界上各个国家不同的文化禁忌。
小题1:根据第一段Every culture in the world has its own taboos.描述，可知每个国家的禁忌是各不相同的。故填different，不同的。
小题2:根据第一段The breaking of a taboo sometimes makes people feel uncomfortable. 描述，可知填uncomfortable，不舒服的。
小题3:根据最后一段Mr. Singh explained that since oxen are sacred(神圣的) in India, people don’t eat beef there.描述，可知填beef，牛肉。
小题4:根据最后一段we didn’t know it was a taboo in India to shake one’s left hand.描述，可知填rude/impolite，粗鲁的，不礼貌的。
小题5:根据最后一段Mr. White joined in and said that it was not usual in the states for people to eat chickens’ claws.描述，可知填never/seldom，从来不/很少。
小题6:根据最后一段He went on to say that Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. Marriage, job and age are their taboos.描述，可知填marriage，婚姻。
小题7:根据最后一段He went on to say that Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. Marriage, job and age are their taboos.描述，可知填age，年龄。
小题8:根据本文描述，可知如果你能注意这些禁忌，你就能和不同文化的人和睦相处，故填attention，注意力。
小题9:根据本文描述，可知如果你能注意这些禁忌，你就能和不同文化的人和睦相处，故填副词well，很好地，作状语。
小题10:根据本文描述，可知如果你能注意这些禁忌，你就能和不同文化的人和睦相处。故填复数名词cultures，文化。
点评：本题中个别小题不能直接从文中找到答案，需要自己根据相关内容分析总结。一定要弄懂全文后再动手解答问题。书写答案时，注意首字母大写。为避免不必要的错误，只要能使用原文的就尽量使用原文回答问题，自己总结的答案注意人称和数的变化，要符合语法规则。
核心考点
试题【A taboo(忌讳，禁忌) is a social action that is not allowed. Every culture in the worl】；主要考察你对教育文化类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
We still know very little about space, and about living in zero gravity. In fact, we are discovering new things every time astronauts take to the skies (and beyond). As The Atlantic reported in January, crying is not all that simple in space. This is because when a person normally cries, gravity makes their tears move downwards. But in a spacecraft, this is not the case. Here, there is no gravity, which is why we so often see pictures of astronauts floating around. This means that, strangely, when you cry your tears have nowhere to go. As a result, they just stick to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this. “Tears,” as he said, “don’t fall off your eye… they just kind of stay there. ” This can be quite painful. In space, your eyes get very dry, and the added moisture is irritating (气人的). Sometimes, things get even weirder(更怪异的). The astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic that when tears get big enough, they “break free of the eye and float around”.
No one can be quite sure why we cry. Why should water in our eyes have anything to do with feeling sad? If you stop to think about it, crying is a very strange thing indeed. And now, thanks to the wonders of space, it just got even stranger.
小题1:The first paragraph mainly wants to tell us that .
| A．living in space is lonely |
| B．it’s easy to feel sad in space |
| C．it’s hard to cry in space |
| D．nobody wants to live in space |
| A．move downwards | B．move upwards |
| C．go out of the window | D．stick to their eyes |
| A．sad | B．comfortable | C．happy | D．uncomfortable |
| A．In space our eyes are very wet. |
| B．Tears will float around if they are big enough in space. |
| C．People know everything about living in zero gravity. |
| D．Gravity makes people’s tears move upwards in space. |
Trees should be pruned(修剪)when it is necessary. A good gardener will cut away the overgrown and unwanted branches(树枝). They can make the trees more beautiful and healthier. But sometimes we’d better leave the trees to grow in their own way. Because the inexperienced gardeners will damage(毁坏) the trees.
First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees in good shape or size. Maybe people want to get a tree of the right height and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches. Then people can make the tree’s appearance thick or give it a special shape.
Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead branches. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up (封闭)the center and so stopping the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy chance for disease, but the wound will heal(愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is in danger. Every gardener should try to reduce that danger of death as soon as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, because healing will be slowed down by roughness(粗糙). You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then pain it with one of the special materials. Pruning is usually done in winter, because you can see the shape of the tree clearly and also it is very unlikely(未必的) that the cuts you make will bleed. If this happens, it is impossible to paint them properly(合适地).
| Pruning trees | |
| A good gardener prunes a tree when it is 【小题1】 | |
| 【小题2】 for pruning trees | First, make the trees in 【小题3】 shape or size. |
| Second, make the trees 【小题4】 | |
| One 【小题5】 of pruning trees. | An open wound 【小题6】 easy 【小题7】 for disease. |
| Reduce the danger of the tree’s death | Make the wound 【小题8】 and clean. |
| The 【小题9】 of the death of a tree | Paint the wound 【小题10】 it dries. |
It’ s hard when a best friend isn’t around—maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel left out at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends, but how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has his or her friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation (欣赏) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom. When you’re at break, walk over to kids you want to play with, act friendly, and say “Hi, can I play, too?” or just join in.
If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help—and pretty soon, you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.
You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before he or she left: You can introduce him or her to your new friends!
小题1:Which of the following can explain the expression “feel left out”?
| A．Feel homesick. | B．Feel lonely. |
| C．Leave home alone. | D．Be hungry. |
| A．have trouble with their studies |
| B．don’t have their best friends around |
| C．need their parents to be with them |
| D．are too young to look after themselves |
| A．sharing your ideas |
| B．talking in front of many people |
| C．studying better at school |
| D．developing new friendship |
| A．they miss their old friends a lot |
| B．they have no time to stay with others |
| C．teachers know who wants a new friend |
| D．they are shy or not good at making friends |
This March, the influenza(流行性感冒) A(H7N9) virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It was reported that by April 11 at least 35 people had been infected (被感染的) with the H7N9 virus, and nine of them had died.
The influenza A (H7N9) virus is one type of influenza A H7 viruses. Influenza A H7 viruses normally spread among birds.
This is the first time human infections with H7N9 viruses have been reported in China. Earlier reports were about H5N1 and H1N1.
All the three viruses are influenza A viruses but they are not the same. H7N9 and H5N1 are animal influenza viruses that could infect people. However, H1N1 viruses can be divided into two groups. One group can normally infect people and the other normally infects animals. Also, H1N1 can spread from human to human, but H7N9 probably can’t, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Most people infected with H7N9 looked like they had the common flu. Some people had bad pneumonia(肺炎). They suffered from a fever, a cough and shortness of breath.
But don’t be afraid – it is not easy to be infected with the virus. One of the possible reasons is close contact with sick poultry (家禽) waste. People may also be infected through breath, according to National Health and Family Planning Commission.
Here are some tips from the WHO that can protect you from being infected.
Wash your hands with soap and running water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after touching animals or animal waste.
When coughing or sneezing cover your mouth and nose with a mask(口罩)，tissue(纸巾) or a sleeve.
Get a good rest and do exercises, which will help make your body strong enough to stand up to the virus.
小题1:What’s the name of the influenza virus that hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang this March?
| A．It is the H7N9 virus. | B．It is the H5N1 virus. |
| C．It is the H1N1 virus. | D．It is A H7 virus. |
| A．About 35. | B．About 9. |
| C．About 44. | D．Nobody had died. |
| A．起立 | B．站着 | C．抵抗 | D．向上 |
| A．Wash our hands with soap and running water before we eat, after we use the toilet, and after touching animals or animal waste. |
| B．When we cough or sneeze we should cover our mouths and noses with a mask，tissue or a sleeve. |
| C．We should get a good rest and do exercises to make our bodies strong enough. |
| D．We should try to eat much and sleep much as possible as we can. |
阅读短文，根据所读内容在短文后图表中的空格里填入一个恰当的单词
Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unluckily, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers (消费者) these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper advertisements. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don’t buy anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package (包装) influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (原料) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands(商标、牌子) and different size of the same brand.
Another suggestions for consumers is to buy ordinary items(商品) instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in ordinary packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising.
The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing room, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores(百货商店).
Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercial (广告), but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology (心理) behind the ads. In other words, well-informed(消息灵通的) consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions. Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answer to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.
| Main topic: suggestions for 小题1: | ||||
| Suggestions | Never go into a supermarket when you 小题2: hungry! | Need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. | Buy ordinary items instead of famous 小题3: | Read ads with 小题4: of the psychology behind the ads. |
| 小题5: for the suggestions | It is 小题6: to buy more than you plan to | Consumers can make a wise小题7: | The prices of 小题8: items are lower because producers spend 小题9: money on packaging. | Advertisers sometimes don’t tell the 小题10: |
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