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We all enjoy the beautiful show of colours as leaves change each autumn. But did you ever wonder how and why this happens?
Leaves are nature’s food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and take carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose (葡萄糖). Glucose is a kind of sugar, which plants use as food for energy and growing.
The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis that means “ putting together with light”. A chemical called chlorophyll helps photosynthesis. It gives plants their green colour. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter, and trees “know” to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. Trees rest during this time and live on the food they store during the summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories.
As the green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves, we begin to see yellow and orange leaves. Small amounts of these colours have been in the leaves all along. We just can’t see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees, like maples (枫树), glucose is caught in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into a red colour. The brown colour of trees like oaks (橡树) is made from waste left in the leaves.
It is the mixture of all these things that makes the beautiful colours we enjoy during autumn.
小题1:The word “chlorophyll” in the third paragraph means _______ in Chinese.
A.叶绿素B.氧气C.胡萝卜素D.蛋白质
小题2:The leaves of the trees in autumn turn yellow because of the short of _____.
A.water and carbon dioxide
B.glucose and energy
C.sunlight and water
D.sunlight and carbon dioxide
小题3:The way that _______________________ is called Photosynthesis .
A.plants change water and carbon dioxide into sugar
B.plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar with the help of sunlight
C.plants use glucose as food for energy and growing
D.chlorophyll is a great help
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true?
A.When autumn and winter come, the days get shorter and shorter.
B.During winter trees rest and live on the food they store during the summer.
C.During winter small amounts of yellow and orange colours are kept in the leaves all the time.
D.Trees begin to stop making food in summer.
小题5:This passage tells us __________________.
A.all the plants can grow well with the strong sunlight
B.there are all kinds of plants on the earth
C.all the colours of the leaves aren’t made from chlorophyll
D.maples and oaks have the same reason as other trees for the change of colours

答案

小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:C
解析

试题分析:这篇短文主要介绍了树叶颜色变化的原理,以及树叶在植物生长发育中的作用。
小题1:联系下文It gives plants their green colour它给指物提供了绿色。可知这个单词与绿色有关,故选A。
小题2:根据短文第四五段描述,可知树叶在秋天变黄主要是因为缺少光照和水分,故选C。
小题3:根据第三段The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis 描述,可知选B。
小题4:根据短文第四段描述,可知植物在秋天停止制造食物,故选D。
小题5:根据最后一段It is the mixture of all these things that makes the beautiful colours we enjoy during autumn. 及上文描述,可知并不是植物所有的颜色都是来自于叶绿素,故选C。
点评:本文中长句较多,一时很难读懂句子含义,注意多读几遍,不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义,能把握文章大意就行。然后带着问题阅读短文,一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文,根据短文中心总结出正确答案。
核心考点
试题【We all enjoy the beautiful show of colours as leaves change each autumn. But did】;主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
完形填空 先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在所给选项中,选出最佳选项。
At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made an interesting discovery: we are built not just of flesh (肌肉) and blood but also of time. They were able to show that we all have a ‘body clock’   1  us, which controls the   2  and fall of our body energies. It can   3  us different from one day to the next.
The idea of a ‘body clock’ should not be too   4  because the lives of most living things are controlled by the 24-hour night-and-day cycle (循环). We feel   5  and fall asleep at night. We become   6  and energetic during the day. Most people will have a bad feeling if the 24-hour cycle is   7 . For example, people who are not used to working at night can find that lack (缺少) of sleep causes them to  8  badly at work.
  9  the daily cycle of sleeping and waking, we also have other cycle which lasts longer than one day. Most of us would   10  that we feel good on some days and not so good on others; sometimes our ideas seem to be so active and at other times, they are not.
小题1:
A.besideB.inside C.outsideD.under
小题2:
A.lifeB.offer C.useD.rise
小题3:
A.show B.treatC.make D.change
小题4:
A.difficult B.naturalC.surprising D.frightening
小题5:
A.quiet B.tired C.comfortableD.cheerful
小题6:
A.regular B.seriousC.lively D.clear
小题7:
A.disturbed B.pushed C.restarted D.troubled
小题8:
A.perform B.suffer C.count D.control
小题9:
A.With B.As well as C.Except D.Rather than
小题10:
A.afford B.admire C.advise D.agree

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Frogs are animals that can live both in water and on land. There are more than 5,000 kinds of frogs on the earth. The earliest known frogs lived about 190 million years ago and the frogs today still look the same. Here are some fun things that you might not know about frogs. Enjoy!
The Biggest and the Smallest Frogs
Some frogs can be very big. The biggest kind of frog is the Goliath Frog in West Africa. Its body can be nearly 30cm long, about the size of a large cat. The Gold Frog and the Poison Frog are the smallest frogs in the world. They are less than 1cm long. Though the Poison Frog is very small, it is not weak at all. It is dangerous. Any animal that eats it will die very soon.
The Best Jumpers
Frogs are very good at jumping. They developed jumping legs so that they would not be eaten by other large animals. Using their big strong legs, more frogs can jump over 20 times their own length. The Australian Rocket Frog can even jump over 2m, which is 50 times its body length (5.5 cm). That might be the reason why frogs are called the best jumpers on the earth.
The Cryogenic Animal
Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. When the temperature goes down, they become ice frogs. 2/3of their body water freezes. Their hearts stop, and their breathing stops too. You may think they are dead, but in fact they are not. Maybe we humans can learn the way that the frogs do for medical purpose.
小题1:The earliest frogs lived about          million years ago.
A.20
B.30
C.50
D.190
小题2:      can jump over 2m.
A.The Goliath Frog
B.The Common Wood Frog
C.The Poison Frog
D.The Australian Rocket Frog
小题3:What will happen to a Common Wood Frog at very low temperature?
A.It will die very soon.
B.It will be an ice frog.
C.It will become dangerous.
D.It will become very small.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Bend over, take a deep breath and drink some water!This is just one of hundreds of pieces of advice you might get if you have the hiccups(打嗝).Hiccups are so mysterious(神秘的).We really don’t know why they start and why they stop.
Everyone has a favorite cure for a case of the hiccups.Some people think that a good scare is necessary to get well.Others eat a little sugar.Still others drink a glass of water with a knife in it.
An American man named Jack O’Leary said that he had hiccupped 160 million times over a period of eight years.He tried 60,000 cures,but none of them worked.Finally he prayed(向…祈祷) to Saint Jude, the saint of Hopeless cases, and his hiccupping stopped immediately.
A British worker didn’t stop his hiccups until eight months later. People from all over the world wrote him letters with suggestions for getting well.He tried them all,but the hiccups continued.Finally,he drank a “secret” mixture(混合物) someone had sent him. By that evening his hiccups were gone.
Why did these cures work for these two men? No one really knows. But people who have studied many cases of hiccups have an idea. Hiccups usually go away if you believe in the cure.
小题1:        might be the best cure for hiccups.
A.Special pills
B.A spoonful of salt
C.Cold water
D.What you believe in
小题2:The British worker spent __________ in stopping his hiccups.
A.4 hours
B.2 days
C.8 months
D.8 years
小题3:What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Different ways to stop hiccups
B.What makes hiccups happen
C.How to get hiccups
D.Jack O‘Leary’s hiccups

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
“Everything happens for the best.” Whenever I faced disappointment(失望),my mother would say this to me.
After I left college in 1932, I decided to find a job in radio as a sports announcer(广播员). I went to Chicago and knocked at the door of every station. But unluckily, I was refused every time.
At one station, a kind lady told me that big stations wouldn’t hire(雇佣)a person without any experience and suggested that I try my luck at smaller stations. Following her advice, I went back to Dixon, where I had grown up. There were no such jobs in Dixon, and my father said a newly-opened store wanted a local athlete(运动员)to work for it . I wanted this job, but I was refused again.
“Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to look for a job. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer.
As I left his office, I felt so frustrated(沮丧). “How can I become a sports announcer if I can’t get a job in a radio station?” I asked aloud.
While I was waiting for the lift, I heard someone calling. It was MacArthur. “What was that you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he asked me to have a try. He was pleased with my performance, and he offered me a chance to work there.
On my way home, I thought of my mother’s words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn’t have happened if without the failure before.”
小题1:Why couldn’t the writer find a job at big radio stations?
A.Because he never graduated from college.
B.Because he didn’t work hard in college.
C.Because he didn’t have much experience.
D.Because he didn’t know about sports.
小题2:Which of the following is the correct order of events?
a. The writer got a job as a sports announcer at a radio station.
b. The writer was refused when he wanted jobs in Chicago.
c. The writer graduated from college.
d. The writer went back to his hometown to look for a job.
A.cbdaB.cbadC.bcdaD.bcad
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The writer’s parents didn’ t want him to be a sports announcer.
B.There were no radio announcer jobs in the writer’s hometown.
C.The writer became uninterested in being a sports announcer.
D.The writer got a job as a sports announcer in Dixon at last.
小题4:According to the last paragraph, what did the writer’s mom want to tell him?
A.He shouldn’t be a sports announcer.
B.Disappointment leads to failure.
C.He should be proud of himself.
D.Everything will be OK if he keeps trying.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
During the day we work and play, and at night we sleep. Our body rests when we sleep. In the morning we are ready to work and play again. Our body grows most when we are asleep. Children who are tired usually need sleep. We can get better at our lessons after having plenty of rest. Boys and girls who are eight or nine years old need ten hours of sleep every night. Our body needs plenty of air when we are asleep. If we do not get enough fresh air, we will feel tired when we wake up. While in bed we must not cover our head,our lungs need to get enough fresh air. If we open our windows at night, we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than warm air. Boys and girls who want to be strong must get plenty of sleep.
小题1:Our body grows most while we are _______.
A. exercising  B.playingC.sleeping
小题2:Too little sleep makes us _______.
A.tired   B.hungry C.happy
小题3:_______ during the sleep may cause us to feel tired in the morning.
A.Too much air  B.Not enough fresh air   C.Too much cold air
小题4:How many hours of sleep should 9-year-old children have every night?
A.8 hours.  B.9 hours.  C.10 hours.
小题5:What do the lungs need most?
A.Fresh air.        B. Exercise.        C.Warm air.
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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