If you look at the sky one night and see something moving and shining that you have never seen before, it might be a comet (彗星).
A comet sometimes looks like a star. Like a planet, a comet has no light of its own. It shines from the sunlight it reflects (反射). Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but on a much longer path (轨道) than the earth travels.
If a comet isn’t a star, what is it then?
Some scientists think that a large part of a comet is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock. When sunshine melts (融化) the ice in the comet, great clouds of gas go trailing after it. These clouds, together with the dust, form a long tail.Many people perhaps have seen a comet. However no one knows how many comets there are. There may be millions of comets, but only a few come close enough for us to see.
An Englishman named Edmund Halley, who lived from 1656 to 1742, found out a lot about the paths that comets take through the sky. Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times. A big comet that keeps coming back was named after Halley because he was the one who worked out when it would come back again. Maybe you have ever seen Halley’s Comets because the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986. Then people all over the world were outside at night to look at it. You will probably be able to see Halley’s Comets when it comes near the earth again.
小题1:A comet is like ________.| A．sun | B．moon | C．sunlight | D．the earth |
小题2:A large part of a comet is ______.| A．water and rock | | B．water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron | | C．ice, iron and rock dust | | D．only a few big pieces of rock |
小题3:Maybe many people _______.| A．haven’t seen any comets | B．have seen all comets | | C．have seen a comet at daytime | D．have seen a comet |
小题4:Some comets keep coming back ________.| A．at any time | B．at noon | C．at regular times | D．at daytime |
小题5:Halley’s Comets came back _____.| A．in 1990 | B．in 1980 | C．in 1986 | D．in 1989 |
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小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:C |
试题分析：短文大意：本文介绍了有关彗星的知识。彗星有时看起来像个明星。就像一个行星，一颗彗星本身不发光。它是在反射阳光。如同地球一样，彗星绕着太阳转，但它比地球的旅行轨道更长。如果彗星不是一颗恒星，它是什么呢？短文叙述了一些科学家的观点。
小题1:细节理解题。根据"Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but…"可知选D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据"…is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock."这句话即能得出答案C。
小题3:细节理解题。由第五段的首句"Many people perhaps have seen a comet."可知选D。
小题4:细节理解题。根据"Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times."一句可知选C。
小题5:细节理解题。哈雷彗星每七十六年才能看到一次。再结合"…the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986."这句话的意思，即可得到答案C。 |
核心考点
试题【If you look at the sky one night and see something moving and shining that you h】；主要考察你对
科普环保类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Wang Jiaming from Beijing Chenjinglun High School says he is a lucky boy .He’s happy that he’s sitting the senior high school entrance exam in2014 instead of 2016.
On October 22,Beijing Municipal Commission of Education* announced that, from 2016,the English scores in the senior high school entrances exam will be reduced* from 120 to 100.Of the 100 points, the listening ability scores will increase to 50.Meanwhile, the points for Chinese will increase from 120 to 150.
“The change won’t affect me. I fell so lucky because English is my strongest subject,’’ said Wang. Why such a change? It places the importance on Chinese in our study and reduces students’ pressure, said Li Yi, a spokesman of the commission.
“The change will also push us to pay attention to the practical usage of English.,’’ said Li. “Students will be encouraged to learn to understand English menus and read English news on mobile phones.”
There isn’t news that other cities will have the same change. But several places are making changes to English tests in the college entrance exams.
For example, Shandong is considering taking out the listening part of the English exam in its Gaokao. But, “ being tested for less points doesn’t mean the subject can be taken lightly,” Bai Ping wrote in China Daily.
English has long been the world’s most commonly used language. Wang Jiaming said he understood the change.
“Chinese, not English, is our mother tongue*,” he said. “ but still, I think English is both interesting and useful.”
小题1: In the Beijing senior high school entrances exam of 2016, the English scores will be cut down to __________.小题2: Wang Jiaming feels lucky because _______| A．the exam change from 2016 doesn’t affect him | | B．he doesn’t need to take the important exam | | C．Chinese is his strongest subject | | D．he is not good at chemistry |
小题3:The sentence “ being tested for less points doesn’t mean the subject can be taken lightly,” in the passage means ______________ | A．the students can spend less time on English. | | B．it’s harder to for the students get a high score. | | C．English is not as important and useful as before | | D．studying English is still important for the students. |
小题4: What is the main purpose of the change?| A．To encourage students to learn how to order meals in English. | | B．To make students to learn to read English news on mobile phones. | | C．To ask students to prepare for the college entrance exam. | | D．To make students pay more attention to learn Chinese. |
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The air pollution was so bad in Harbin, in China, on October 21,2013 that the city had to close roads and schools, and cancel* hundreds of flights from its airport.
News reports said the smog (a mixture of smoke and fog) was so thick that people couldn’t see more than 10 or 20 metres in front of them.
It is also said that people could not even see the person standing next to them. The city’s website said: “You can’t see your own fingers in front of you.”
The local people said there was a “burning” smell in the air. Many people covered their noses and mouths with scarves or masks*.
The pollution was caused on several factors* including: farmers burning off old corn stalks* and crop stubble*; coal*-fired heating systems; and low winds that allowed the smoke to remain over the city.
The smog had been building up for several days. It became worse when the city turned on the public heating system, which uses coal to heat millions of homes and offices in the city.
Harbin has a population of more than 10 million people. It lies in northeastern China, where cold winter weather can last up to six months. The main fuel* there is coal, because it is cheaper than other types of fuel.
Air pollution from burning coal can cause health problems like heart disease. During the smog crisis* in Harbin, the number of people taken to the hospital with breathing problems was 30% higher than usual.
The city government is trying to reduce its use of coal by adding more insulation* and better roofs and windows to buildings to reduce heating needs. It has also used cleaner fuel for cars and factories.
小题1:The roads and schools in Harbin had to be closed on October 21, 2013 because of ____| A．the heavy rain | B．the strong wind | C．the serious smog | D． the terrible snow |
小题2:There are many reasons for the air pollution EXCEPT____________.| A．farmers burn off old corn stalks and crop stubble | | B．people use coal to heat millions of homes and offices | | C．The smoke remains over the city because of low winds | | D．Many buses and cars use cleaner fuel and so do factories. |
小题3: What is the government trying to do when the air pollution get worse?| A．To offer cars new fuel. | | B．To give people more masks. | | C．To reduce its use of coal. | | D．To ask people to stay at home. |
小题4:What does the passage mainly tell us?| A．The serious air pollution in China | | B．Coal-fired heating systems | | C．The population crisis in Harbin | | D．The reasons for heart disease |
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Everyone needs to sleep. This is a fact of life that everyone has to deal with and that they get plenty of it. Your body needs time to get back the energy that you during the whole day. This usually happens when you are sleeping. Your body is building your energy again to you to work.
If you don’t get enough sleep, your body will have a(n) time fighting against illnesses. You have to give your body enough time to rest or you will get . Have you ever that when you are very tired, you have thinking or dealing with problems? This is because not only your but your mind is tired. So sleep is to your mind, too.
By getting enough sleep, you will be able to your body and mind, feeling relaxed and energetic. So sleep as much as you can, and let your body and mind rest.
| 小题1: | | A．talk with | B．make sure | C．make up | D．use up |
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| 小题2: | | A．caught | B．saved | C．used | D．bought |
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| 小题4: | | A．shocked | B．unhappy | C．hard | D．free |
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| 小题6: | | A．watched | B．replied | C．noticed | D．created |
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| 小题7: | | A．trouble | B．records | C．matters | D．things |
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| 小题8: | | A．body | B．feeling | C．sleep | D．energy |
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| 小题9: | | A．final | B．enough | C．important | D．difficult |
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| 小题10: | | A．wake up | B．take up | C．live up | D．leave off |
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Now satellites are helping to forecast（预报）the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere, because this is where the weather forms. They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists（气象学家）can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.
Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this.
So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead.
小题1:Satellites travel _____________.| A．in space | B．in the atmosphere | | C．above the ground | D．above space |
小题2:Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere? Because __________.| A．the weather satellites can do it easily | | B．clouds form there | | C．the weather forms there | | D．the pictures can forecast the weather |
小题3:Meteorologists forecast the weather __________.| A．when they have received satellite pictures | | B．after they have compared new satellite pictures with earlier ones | | C．before they received satellite pictures | | D．during they study satellite pictures |
小题4:Maybe we’ll soon be able to forecast the weather for ________.| A．one day | B．two days | | C．five days | D．seven days or even longer |
小题5:The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in _________.| A．taking pictures of the atmosphere | | B．receiving pictures of the atmosphere | | C．doing other work in many ways | | D．weather forecasting |
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At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made an interesting discovery（发现）: we are built not just of flesh (肌肉) and blood but also of time. They were able to show that we all have a ‘body clock’ us, which controls the and fall of our body energies. It can us different from one day to the next.
The idea of a ‘body clock’ should not be too because the lives of most living things are controlled by the 24-hour night-and-day cycle (循环). We feel and fall asleep at night. We become and energetic during the day. Most people will have a bad feeling if the 24-hour cycle is . For example, people who are not used to working at night can find that lack (缺少) of sleep causes them to badly at work.
the daily cycle of sleeping and waking, we also have other cycle which lasts longer than one day. Most of us would that we feel good on some days and not so good on others; sometimes our ideas seem to be so active and at other times, they are not.
| 小题1: | | A．beside | B．inside | C．outside | D．under |
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| 小题2: | | A．life | B．offer | C．use | D．rise |
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| 小题3: | | A．show | B．treat | C．make | D．change |
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| 小题4: | | A．difficult | B．natural | C．surprising | D．frightening |
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| 小题5: | | A．quiet | B．tired | C．comfortable | D．cheerful |
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| 小题6: | | A．regular | B．serious | C．lively | D．clear |
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| 小题7: | | A．disturbed | B．pushed | C．restarted | D．troubled |
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| 小题8: | | A．perform | B．suffer | C．count | D．control |
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| 小题9: | | A．With | B．As well as | C．Except | D．Rather than |
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| 小题10: | | A．afford | B．admire | C．advise | D．agree |
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