实义动词
实义动词的使用方法
及物动词
后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如:
I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问:“这本书我可以借多久?”
Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。
Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质。
不及物动词
本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如:
Birds fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。
兼作及物动词和不及物动词
英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变。试比较:
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同。如:
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
与汉语的比较,有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法,与汉语的用法不一样,请注意下列两种情况
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词,而汉语则可用作及物动词,如arrive到达,agree同意,listen听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如:
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较:We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较:We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词,而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词,如serve为…服务。
Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
用于be动词之后,实义动词之前。
实义动词的用法
肯定句:否定句:主语+助动词didn‘t+动词原型+其他
一般过去式:主语+动词过去式+其它
He spoke loudly to make everybody in the room _______ him clearly. [ ] A. heard
B. hear
C. to hear
D. hearing—Do you know the girl with long hair?
—No, I don"t. But she _______ me of someone else I know.[ ] A. remembers
B. suggests
C. requires
D. reminds—Different countries have different customs.
—Yes. What we say in China may ________ rude in America.[ ] A. listen
B. sound
C. speak
D. sayWe all _______ how he made such great progress in a short time. [ ] A. believed
B. thought
C. decided
D. wonderedHe _____ some food here and _____ some water there. [ ] A. brought…took
B. took…brought
C. bring…took
D. take…brought— How much did you _____ for this computer?
— About $500.[ ] A. pay
B. spend
C. buy
D. cost— Shall we meet at a quarter to eight ?
— That"s too early. Let"s _____ at half past eight.[ ] A. come at
B. go at
C. make it
D. leave atMany rivers ________. [ ] A. have became polluted
B. have become polluted
C. have been polluting
D. have become pollutingThe film ________ for five minutes when she got there. [ ] A. has begun
B. has been on
C. had begun
D. had been onThe traffic accident _____ a large crowd. [ ] A. charmed
B. signal
C. call
D. attracted_____ your parents are not at home. What should you do? [ ] A. Try
B. Be supposed
C. Suppose
D. ThinkThe teacher _____ to Li Lei, "You _____ very good English." [ ] A. say, speak
B. talk, say
C. speak, talk
D. said, speakDo you _____ a cat _____ a pet at home? [ ] A. have, as
B. keep, for
C. keep, as
D. Both A and C—Where is Miss Li?
—Can you hear someone ______ next door? It ______ like her.[ ] A. speaks; sounds
B. speaking; feels
C. speaking; sounds
D. speaks, feelsWith the help of the computer, information can ______ every corner of the world in one second. [ ] A. get
B. reach
C. arrive
D. come—Where"s your little cat?
—I"m sorry to say it _______ for two weeks.[ ] A. died
B. has died
C. was dead
D. has been deadI put the medicine on the top shelf, so that my baby can"t _____ it. [ ] A. reach
B. hand
C. see
D. keep—Your MP3 is so nice. How much is it?
—It _______ me ?500.[ ] A. bought
B. paid
C. spent
D. cost—Do you know _______?
—She _______ Shanghai.[ ] A. where is Lily, has gone
B. where Lily is, has been to
C. where is Lily, has been to
D. where Lily is, has gone to—How long ______ the film ______?
—For just several minutes.[ ] A. did, begin
B. has, begun
C. has, been on
D. was, begunCan we ______ at your house and go to school together? [ ] A. come
B. see
C. meet
D. findMike"s mother made him ______ at home because it"s raining heavily outside. [ ] A. stay
B. stayed
C. to stay
D. staying— Did you ______ the novel yesterday?
— Yes, It"s wonderful! I like it very much.[ ] A. lend
B. read
C. use
D. talk—I hear your mother _______ to Canada once.
—Yes, she went there last year.[ ] A. has been
B. has gone
C. go
D. goesThat"s no hurry. You can ______ this book for two weeks. [ ] A. keep
B. borrow
C. lend
D. take— Shall we _____ the new film on Channel 6 tonight?
— Good idea.[ ] A. play
B. use
C. borrow
D. watchHow long will it ______ to build the "bird"s nest" — the National Olympic Stadium? [ ] A. spend
B. pay
C. take
D. costThe students are very tired. Let them ______ a rest. [ ] A. to have
B. have
C. having
D. hadWith the Internet, news can ______ every corner of the world quickly. [ ] A. get
B. arrive
C. reach
D. return—I borrowed the book from the library last Friday. I have _______ it for a week.
—You must return it to the library at once.[ ] A. borrowed
B. lent
C. kept
D. taken— Could you ______ me your bike? Mine is broken.
— Sure. It"s there.[ ] A. borrow
B. lend
C. keep
D. returnThe machine is too old. Don"t make it ______ for long time. [ ] A. run
B. to run
C. running
D. runs—Is Bill in?
—No, he _______ to the railway station.[ ] A. has gone
B. had gone
C. has been
D. had beenBill doesn"t like studying languages at school. He _____ much time on his chemistry. [ ] A. spends
B. takes
C. costs
D. paysAfter having the soup I cooked, mum said, "Wow, it _____ delicious". [ ] A. tastes
B. seems
C. smells
D. feels—Don"t you _______ something burning in the house, Sam?
—No. I have a terrible cold.[ ] A. taste
B. see
C. hear
D. smell—Will you show me the photo of your family?
—OK. I"ll _______ it here tomorrow.[ ] A. take
B. catch
C. carry
D. bringThey will _____ you everything you need once you start your scientific research. [ ] A. supply
B. provide
C. take
D. offerDon"t you think that this article still has much to be _____? [ ] A. satisfied
B. examined
C. reviewed
D. improved— How long have you _____ your bike?
— For about ten days.[ ] A. borrowed
B. lent
C. bought
D. keptIt _____ him half an hour to drive home every day. [ ]
A. costs
B. spends
C. takes
D. uses— What a nice bike! How long have you _____ it?
— About half a year.[ ] A. bought
B. received
C. taken
D. hadHow can we _____ him to make progress if he doesn"t work hard? [ ] A. hope
B. expect
C. wish
D. imagineThe fisherman ________ the VCD since yesterday. [ ] A. have had
B. has bought
C. has had— How did you feel when you got the first prize.
— It made me ______ proud.[ ] A. feel
B. felt
C. feeling
D. to feelThe woman made her son _____ finally after she told him some jokes. [ ] A. laughed
B. to laugh
C. laugh
D. laughing
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