感叹句
感叹句的结构
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。
1.① What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
② What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
如: What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
如: What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
二、由How引导的感叹句。(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。)
1.How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
如: How hard the workers are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
2. How+主语+谓语!
如:How time flies! 时光飞逝!
三、注意:
1. 当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
如: How fast the runner runs!
2. how与what引导的感叹句中的第一种格式(单数名词)一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。
如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is!
What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is!
3. 在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。
如: What a nice present!(省略it is)
How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)
间接引语
直接引语是感叹句时,若要变作间接引语,通常用引述动词tell, exclaim等。如:
■ “What a brave boy you are!” she told him. “你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊!”她告诉他说。
→She told him what a brave boy he was. 她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子。
■He said, “Hurrah! My friend is coming.” 他说道,“好哇(☭)!我的朋友来了。”
→He exclaimed with delight that his friend had come. 他欢呼他的朋友来了。(引述动词用exclaim, 并加状语with delight)
当然,也可用其他一些引述动词。如:
■He said, “Alas! How foolish I have been!” 他说道,“哎,我多傻啊!”
→He confessed with regret that he had been very foolish. 他痛悔地承认他太傻了。(引述动词用confess加状语with regret)
■“What a crime he has committed!” she said. “他犯了多大的罪啊!”她说道。
→She didn’t know what a crime he had committed. 她不知道他犯了那么大的罪。(引述动词用know的否定式)
有时也可以不用引述动词,如:
■“How fast she can run!” he says. “她竟能跑得那样快!”他说道。
→It’s incredible how fast she can run. 她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。(用it’s incredible表示说话人的神情)
■He said to them all, “Good-bye, my friends!” 他对他们说道,“再见,我的朋友们!”
→He bade good-bye to all his friends. 他向他的所有朋友道别。(这里连间接引语也省略了)
感叹句相关语法
关于感叹句 what 和 how 的区别:
一、 由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语(it is就是主语加谓语).
如: ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀!
二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:
How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).
如:① How cold it is today!
今天多么冷呀!
三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如:
① What a hot day it is!
How hot the day is !(is 可要可不要)
四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。
如:① What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀!
_____ weather it was yesterday! [ ] A. What cold
B. How cold
C. What a cold
D. How a cold_______ interesting the film we saw last night is! [ ] A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What anYou can"t imagine _____ when they received these nice Christmas presents. [ ] A. how excited they were
B. how they were excited
C. how excited were they
D. they were how excited—_________!
—Let me try it on.[ ] A. What nice coat it is
B. How nice coat is it
C. What a nice coat it is
D. How coat nice it is______ it is today! [ ] A. What fine weather
B. What a fine weather
C. How a fine weather
D. How fine a weather— ____ enjoyable it is to travel by air!
— ____.[ ] A. How; So is it
B. How; So it is
C. What; So is it
D. What; So it is_________ hard work it is to plant so many trees around the lake. [ ] A. What a
B. What
C. What an
D. how将下列各句改写为同义句,每个空格只填写一个单词。 1. A: What a pleasant trip it was!
B: ________ ________ the trip was!
2. A: My mother is not as tall as I am now.
B: I am ________ ________ my mother now.
3. A: Daniel learned how to make a home page by himself.
B: Daniel ________ ________ how to make a home page.
4. A: I like Science. I also like History.
B: I like Science. I like History ________ ________.
5. A: Daniel has poor eyesight because he works too much on the computer.
B: Daniel has poor eyesight ________ ________ working too much on the computer.单项选择。 ______ she is! [ ] A.How beautiful
B.What beautiful
C.How a beautiful
D.What beautiful girl单项选择。 What ! [ ] A. a hard work
B. a red, little dragon
C. a excited boy
D. fine weather— ______ it is today!
— Yes, I agree, but ______ swim in the river.[ ]
A. What a fine weather, not
B. How fine weather, can"t
C. What fine weather, don"t
D. How fine a weather, don"t______ serious problems we will face in the future! [ ] A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a— ______ important tool the computer is!
— I think so.[ ] A. What a
B. How
C. What an
D. How an______ great fun it was to find my lost beautiful bag! [ ] A. How
B. How a
C. What a
D. What— ______ wet weather it is today!
— But it"s good for vegetables[ ] A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a句型知识。 1. What a cold day it is! (同义句)
______ ______ it is today!
2. The temperature is 8-10 degrees. (划线提问)
______ ______ the temperature?
3. I often help my mother do the housework. (同义句)
I often help my mother ______ the ______.
4. The weather is rather cold today. (划线提问)
______ ______ the weather today?
5. I went to bed after I finished my homework. (同义句)
I ______ go to bed ______ I finished my homework.
6. My father likes watching TV. My mother likes watching TV, too. (同义句)
My father likes watching TV, ______ ______ my mother.
7. The beds are made of wood. (划线提问)
______ are the beds ______of?
8. He will be back in two days. (划线提问)
______ ______ will he be back?
9. We have already learned 1000 new words.(划线提问)
______ ______ new words have you learned?
10. She"s never been to Xi"an. (反意疑问句)
She"s never been to Xi"an, ______ ______.句型转换。 1. My sister is a very lovely girl. (感叹句)
_______ _______ _______ girl my sister is!
2. What else did you buy yesterday? (同义句转换)
What _______ _______ did you buy yesterday?
3. He is the tallest student in the class. (同义句转换)
He is _______ _______ _______ _______ student in the class.
4. I think he is a good student. (改否定句)
I _______ _______ he _______ a good student.
5. I go to Beijing twice a year. (对画线提问)
______ ______ ______ you go to Beijing?Look at the children. ______ they are laughing! [ ] A. How happy
B. How happily
C. What happy
D. What happily______ great time we have talking to each other! [ ] A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a______ it is to watch this kind of movie with you! [ ] A.How funny
B.How fun
C.What a fun
D.What fun— Look, Simon and Jim are helping Mrs. Li clean the house.
— Yes. ______ children![ ] A. How helpful
B. How a helpful
C. What helpful
D. What a helpfulThey went hiking on the mountain last Sunday. ______ nice time they had! [ ] A. How
B. What a
C. How a
D. What______ terrible earthquake! I don"t like it at all. [ ] A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. How a— _______ wonderful dictionary it is! Thank you for buying me such a useful present.
—I"m glad you like it.[ ]
A. What a
B. What
C. How a
D. How— ________ beautiful city! —Yes. Lots of tourists come to visit it every year. [ ] A.How
B.What
C.How a
D.What a______ pretty your dress is! Where did you get it? [ ]
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a—The 11th National Games will be held in Shandong in October, 2009.
— ______ exciting news![ ]
A. How
B. What
C. How an
D. What an— _______ wonderful experience!
—So it was.[ ]
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an—Miss Li, what are we going to do next?
—Let"s go out for doing sports. ________ sunny day![ ] A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a— city!
— Yeah. Lots of people come to visit it every year.[ ] A. How lively
B. What busy a
C. How big a
D. What a beautiful"Joe could swim when she was only four years old."
"______ clever the girl was!"[ ] A. How
B. What a
C. What
D. How asunny day it is! It"s really good to go out for a hiking. [ ] A.What a
B.What
C.How a
D.How
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