题目

菜鸟问题之小小语法
English today is very different from the English spoken long,long ago.By the 12th century,the language has already changed very much.People then could not read the writings from the year 700.The history of the English has three parts--"Old English"(before the year 1150)."Middle English"(up till 1500) and "Modern English"(1500 to now).
The biggest difference from Old,Middle and Modern English is in vocabulary.Grammar has not changed greatly.But thousands of new words have come into the language.Many of these are from French.
Another important change is pronunciation.It has changed so much that there are almost no words said the same way today as in Old English.
1:by the 12th century中的BY是固定搭配么?可否用其它介词来代替么,能用哪些来代替呢?
2:the year 700中的the year为什么指的是公元?它还能表示其它的么?
3:the biggest difference between Old,Middle and Modern English is in vocabulary.为什么是in vocabulary?如果没了in会一样么?有in 和没in的分别在哪呢?

提问时间：2020-11-18

答案

1,by 在这里表示到.时（为止）,这里用by是习惯用法,一般情况下是不能换别的介词代替,即使换了可能符合语法规则但不符合习惯用法,句子会看起来不地道.
2,这里判断是公元并不是the year 决定的,the year并不表示公元,根据上下文可以判断这里是公元700年而不是公元前700年,BC表示公元前,AD表示公元,如果文中指的是公元前自然会在700之后加BC,如果要指公元700年,在700后加AD或什么都不加都可以表示.
3,这里的in加不加都可以.如果不加in,在这个句子中名词vocabulary做句子的表语,如果加in,在这个句子中介词词组in vocabulary做表语.