题目

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It has been estimated that about half of all species
exhibiting CAM are epiphytes (Winter and Smith 1996;
Zotz 2004). In a study conducted by Griffiths and Smith
(1983), seven out of 17 obligate epiphyte species in the
genus Tillandsia exhibited obligate C3 photosynthesis, as
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determined by d C values between -23 and -35%. The
other ten Tillandsia species were deemed obligate CAM,
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with d C values of -10 to -21%. Values more negative
than -14%, however, indicate the potential for daytime
CO2 uptake and fixation by Rubisco during CAM phases 1
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and2.Otherpublishedd CvaluesforspeciesofTillandsia
show that this genus spans the range of values expected for
CAM and C3 plants, including a number of potentially
intermediate species (Medina 1974; Medina and Troughton
1974; Griffiths and Smith 1983).
The isotopic composition of bulk leaf tissue has com-
monly been used to determine photosynthetic

提问时间：2020-11-17

答案

It has been estimated that about half of all species据估计,约有一半的物种
exhibiting CAM are epiphytes (Winter and Smith 1996;参展CAM的是附生植物（冬季和史密斯1996年;
Zotz 2004).措茨2004年）.In a study conducted by Griffiths and Smith在由格里菲斯和史密斯进行的一项研究
(1983),seven out of 17 obligate epiphyte species in the （1983年）,7附生植物物种的17责成列于
genus Tillandsia exhibited obligate C3 photosynthesis,as铁兰属展出责成体C3光合作用,作为
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determined by d C values between -23 and -35%.决定由D C值-23和-35％之间.The该
other ten Tillandsia species were deemed obligate CAM,铁兰等10种被认为有义务计算机辅助制造,
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with d C values of -10 to -21%.与d C值-10到-21％.Values more negative更多的负面价值
than -14%,however,indicate the potential for daytime超过-14％,但是,显示白天的潜力
CO2 uptake and fixation by Rubisco during CAM phases 1二氧化碳吸收和固定在Rubisco的CAM的阶段1
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and2.Otherpublishedd CvaluesforspeciesofTillandsia and2.Otherpublishedd CvaluesforspeciesofTillandsia
show that this genus spans the range of values expected for结果表明,该属跨越了预期值的范围
CAM and C3 plants,including a number of potentially CAM和C3植物,包括潜在的数目
intermediate species (Medina 1974; Medina and Troughton中间物种（1974年麦地那;梅迪纳和特劳
1974; Griffiths and Smith 1983).1974年,格里菲斯和Smith 1983）.
The isotopic composition of bulk leaf tissue has com-散叶组织的同位素构成发生了COM的
monly been used to determine photosynthetic pathways monly被用来确定光合作用途径
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(Winter et al.1983; Silvera et al.2005).（冬等人.1983年;锡尔弗拉等.2005年）.The d C of bulk在D散装ç
leaf tissue is a time-integrated measure,describing relative叶组织是一个时间的综合措施,说明相对
photosynthetic pathway utilization and CO2 concentration光合利用率和二氧化碳浓度途径
at the site of carboxylation over relatively long time scales.在现场的羧在相对长的时间尺度.
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The d C of leaf sugars,however,provides an indication ofpathways used for C fixation on the day the leaf was col-叶糖的D ć,但是,提供了一个固定的C ofpathways用于日常的叶显示山口,
lected (Brugnoli et al.1988).lected（布鲁尼奥利等.1988年）.We utilized these long- and我们利用这些长期和
short-term measures of C fixation to investigate photo-碳固定的短期措施,调查照片
syntheticvariationbetweenseasonsandamongforesttypes syntheticvariationbetweenseasonsandamongforesttypes
with contrasting microclimate.与小气候对比.We expected that the mode我们预计该模式
of C assimilation is flexible,leading to:(1) less negative灵活的C同化,导致：（1）负少
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d C of bulk leaf tissues in drier habitats,indicating a Ð栖息在较干燥的散装叶组织ć,这表明
greater relative proportion of CO2 fixation through the更大的相对比例固定CO2通过
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CAM pathway; and (2) less negative d C of sugars in the CAM的途径;（二）负D C以较少的糖
dry season than in the wet season,indicating greater uti-旱季比雨季,显示更大的尿路感染,
lization of CAM.化中的CAM研究.