题目

英语翻译
Diabetes Type 2
二型糖尿病
Diabetes Type 2 is the most common form of diabetes.
Although it can occur at any age,it is more common in people who are overweight,sedentary,and over middle age.
Glucose is the main source of energy for body cells.
When blood sugar levels rise,as is normal after a meal,the pancreas gland located behind the stomach secretes the hormone insulin.
Insulin enters and circulates in the blood and acts on the insulin receptors present in muscle,fat cells and other tissues of the body.
Binding of insulin to these receptors causes the glucose transporters to come to the cell surface.
This facilitates the entry of glucose into these cells.
In Diabetes Type 2 the production of insulin is low and sometimes there may be resistance to Insulin.
The circulating insulin fails to facilitate the absorption of glucose into the cells and to keep the blood glucose level at optimum levels.
This results in the rise of blood glucose levels.
The excess in blood glucose reacts with proteins in tissues to form what are known as advanced glycation end products,or AGE's.AGE's create an inflammatory condition in the vasculature,which causes heart disease and damage to other organs such as the kidneys.
Diabetes can eventually cause damage to the heart,arteries,kidneys,nerves,eyes and skin.

提问时间：2020-11-02

答案

乙型糖尿病
乙型糖尿病是最常见的糖尿病类型.虽然它可以在任何年龄发病,但是在体重超标、惯于久坐、年过中旬的人里更常见.葡萄糖是体细胞的主要能量来源.当血糖水平上升时,像饭后的正常情况一样,位于胃部之后的胰腺会分泌胰岛素这种荷尔蒙.胰岛素进入并随着血液循环作用于肌肉细胞,脂肪细胞和身体的其他组织上的胰岛素受体.胰岛素和这些受体结合导致葡萄糖的转运蛋白移到了细胞表面.这个移动帮助了葡萄糖进入这些细胞体.在乙型糖尿病患者中,胰岛素的产量是如此之低的甚至有时候可能对胰岛素有抗性.循环于血液里的胰岛素无法帮助细胞对葡萄糖的吸收并维持血糖在一个最佳的水平.这导致了（患者）血糖水平的上升.超出限度的血糖和组织蛋白反应形成了所谓的终末糖基化产物,或者AGE.AGE在脉管系统里产生了炎症,而这些炎症导致了心脏疾病和对其他组织器官的损伤,如肾脏.而糖尿病会最终导致对心脏,动脉,肾脏,神经,眼睛和皮肤的损害.