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题目
to do有哪些用法,比如说I have instructed my client to remain silent.此句中to do表示什么

提问时间:2020-10-10

答案
此句中的to do 表示 动词不定式,instructed sb to sth 告诉某人做某事
动词不定式(to do)可以作如下几种状语:
1)目的状语
in order to do sth.
so as to do sth.
to do sth.
2)程度状语(也有说成表示程度的结果状语)
adj./adv.+ enough + to do sth.
too + adj./adv.+to do sth.
so + adj./adv.+ as + to do sth.(注意不要遗漏as)
such + adj.+ a/an c.n.(单数)/c.n.(复数) + as + to do sth.
3)出其不意/出乎意料的结果
only/never + to do sth.
I arrived at the station only to find the train had left.
对比:预料之内的结果用分词作状语
I slipped,breaking the vase.
4)偶尔用作的条件状语(高中不要求掌握)
相对来说,动词不定式作状语的用法是较为简单的.
1由 too构成的短语
too所构成的短语,常用的有如下一些:
1)all too实在太(很),all too soon /quickly太早(太快).例如:
The holidays ended all too soon.假期结束得太早了.
2)none too一点也不.例如:
We were none too early for the train.我们刚好赶上火车.
3)only too极其,非常.例如:
We shall be only too pleased to hear from you further.我们非常欢迎你再来信.(注意这里不是too...to...结构)
The news was only too true.这消息是千真万确的.
4)quite too简直太…….例如:
It’s quite too surprising!这简直太让人吃惊了!
5)rather too稍微……了一点.例如:
The soup is rather too salty.汤稍微咸了一点.
6)too...to...太……以至不能…….例如:
The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.这男孩太虚弱,举不起那个重箱子.
当too...to...跟少数形容词(如ready,glad,pleased,apt,willing,inclined,eager,easy,satisfied等)搭配时,不定式无否定意义.例如:
He is too ready to promise.他轻于许诺.
Beginners are too apt to make mistakes.初学者极易出错.
He is too much inclined to give himself airs.他太喜欢装模作样了.
需要注意的是,too...to...的否定形式nottoo...to...的意思是"不是太……而不能".例如:
He is not too young to dress himself.他不是小得连衣服都不会穿.
It is never too late to learn.活到老,学到老.
在写作时灵活运用这些短语,会使文章简洁,含义清楚.这里要指出的是,在以上的这些短语中,too的含义是以"太,非常"为主.too还因此形成一类特殊而重要的用法,具体如下:
2cannot(或can never)...too...表示"怎么……也不会过分"、"越……越好"的含义.如:
1)One can never be too careful in one’s work.工作越细越好.
2)One cannot be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.因为这是一个如此重要的问题,所以在做出决定时无论怎样谨慎都不过分.
3)You cannot praise the play too highly.这出戏你无论怎样称赞都不会过分.
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