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题目
过去分词的构成规律.

提问时间:2020-10-05

答案
一般都在末尾加ed
过去分词不规则变化表
一、A—A—A 型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同.(共7 个) cost—cost—cost,cut—cut—cut,hit—hit—hit,hurt—hurt—hurt,let—let—let,put—put—put,read—read—read
二、A—B—B 型,即过去式、过去分词相同.(共41 个)
1.过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought.(3 个) bring—brought—brought,buy—bought—bought,think—thought— thought,flight-fought-fought
2.词尾有-ild,-end 时,只需把d 变为t.(4 个) build—built—built,lend—lent—lent,send—sent—sent,spend —spent— spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught.(2 个) catch—caught—caught,teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep 变为-ept.(3 个) keep—kept—kept,sleep—slept—slept,sweep— swept—swept
5.把-ell 变为-old.(2 个) tell—told—told,sell—sold—sold
6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt 或-ilt.(4 个) smell—smelt—smelt,spell—spelt—spelt,feel—felt— felt,spill—spilt—spilt
7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t.(3 个) learn—learnt—learnt,mean—meant—meant,spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.过去式、过去分词词尾去y 变-id(4 个) say—said—said,pay—paid—paid,lay—laid—laid,hear—heard —heard
9.改变元音字母.(11 个) meet—met—met,get—got—got,sit—sat—sat,find—found—found,hold—held—held,spit—spat—spat,shine—shone—shone,win—won —won,hang—hung—hung,dig— dug—dug,lose—lost—lost
10.改变辅音字母.(1 个) make—made—made
11.改变元、辅音字母.(4 个) leave—left—left,stand—stood—stood,have(has)— had—had ,understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C 型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同.(共35 个)
1.i—a—u 变化.(6 个) begin—began—begun,drink—drank—drunk,sing— sang—sung,ring —rang—rung,swim—swam—swum,sink— sank—sunk
2.词尾为-ow,-aw 时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n.(5 个) blow—blew—blown,draw—drew—drawn,grow— grew—grown,know —knew—known,throw—threw—thrown(show 除外)
3.词尾为“i+辅(1 个)+e”,过去式将i 变为o,过去分词多在原形后 加n,若那个辅音字母为d 或t,须双写d 或t 后加n.(4 个)(give,hide 除外) drive—drove—driven,write—wrote—written,ride— rode—ridden,rise—rose—risen
4.过去分词在过去式后加(e)n.(5 个) break—broke—broken,choose—chose—chosen,freeze—froze— frozen,speak—spoke—spoken,wake—woke— woken
5.过去分词由过去式加-ten 构成.(1 个) forget—forgot—forgotten
6.过去分词由原形加(e)n 构成.(6 个) be—was(were)—been,eat—ate—eaten,fall—fell—fallen,give —gave—given,see—saw—seen,hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.词尾为-ake 时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n.(2 个) take—took—taken,mistake—mistook—mistaken
8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同.(6 个) do—did—done,fly—flew—flown,go—went—gone,lie—lay—lain,show—showed—shown,wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B 型,即过去式和原形相同.(1 个) beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A 型,即过去分词和原形相同.(3 个) come—came—come,become—became—become,run— ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词.(4 个) can—could,may—might,will—would,shall—should
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