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题目
如何判断关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分?

提问时间:2020-08-10

答案
最简单的方法:看从句缺什么成分.
比如:
1.He is the policeman who caught the thief the other day.
去掉who后,从句缺主语:caught the thief the other day.所以who充当主语.
2.He is the policeman that I met yesterday.
去掉that后,从句缺宾语:I met yesterday.所以that充当宾语.
3.I like the book whose cover is dark green.
去掉whose后,从句缺定语:(Its) cover is dark green.故whose充当定语.
4.The temple where he used to live has been destroyed.
去掉where后,从句缺状语:He used to live (in the temple).故where充当状语.
如果仅仅是想区分主语或宾语,还有一种简便的方法,就是看关系词后是什么词性的词,后面是名词(主语)的话先行词就是宾语,是动词(谓语)的话先行词就是主语.
如:
1.Father is talking to the man that has stayed here for a long time.
句中that后是谓语动词,所以that就充当主语,可以用who来代替.
2.Father is talking to the man that we are afraid of.
句中that后是名词(主语),所以that就充当宾语,可以用whom来代替.
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