题目

英语翻译
(1) fluctuating results partly because of the initial start-up operations,marketplace
dynamics,marketing and organization costs (i.e.,aimed at attracting
customers and acquiring them) or new marketing costs related to newer
technological demands which must be written off or applied against current or
expected short-term earnings;
可以意译.特别注意new marketing以后的句子.

提问时间：2020-07-16

答案

波动的结果部分原因归结为以下因素：原始启动运营、市场机制、市场和策划成本（即旨在吸引并赢得顾客）,须注销或应用于当前或预期短期收益的与新技术需求相关的新的市场成本.