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题目
英语:定语从句中什么时候用As作为先行词的关系词?

提问时间:2020-06-25

答案
1、在“the same…as”和 “such…as”结构中,as是关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语.如:
⑴.Is it the same tree as can live everywhere?
⑵.I live in the same city as he (live in).
⑶.China is no longer the same as it used to be.
⑷.I wish there would be such a machine as can work out all the problems.
⑸.We hope to get such a tool as he is using.
⑹.Such man as he is isn’t dealt with.
2、as引导的非限制性定语从句,可以用来指代整个主语或主语的一部分内容,在这种情况下,as和which有时可以交换使用,有时又不可以交换.除了as引导的非限制性定语从句可放主语之前而which引导的从句不可以外,as的用法还有下列几种情况,以区别于which.
(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句,对主句的内容起积极的作用,反之则
应用which.使比较:
Mother gave him some money,as was a pleasure to him.
母亲给他些钱,这使他很高兴.
Mother gave him some advice,which made him unhappy.
母亲给他提了点建议,这使他很不高兴.
(2)、强调成分不同.As强调主句内容,which强调从句内容.如:
Her speech was wonderful,as we had expected.
正如我们所期盼的那样,她的发言棒极了.
His father died,which made him very sad.
他父亲去世了,这使他很悲伤.
(3)、在非限制性定语从句中,谓语是系词be时,常用as作主语,而谓语是实义动词时,则用which作主语.如:
Tom is late for class,as is often the case.
汤姆迟到了,他往往是这样.
They are hollow,which makes them very light.
都是空心的,这使它们重量很轻.
(4)as引导的非限制性定语从句要与主句语义一致.如果主句为肯定句,从句用否定句,则一般用which引导.如:
Mr.Johnson is a teacher,as is clear from his manner.
约翰逊先生是位教师,这从他的举止可以看出来.
He has to work on Sundays,which he doesn’t like.
他必须在星期天工作,他不喜欢这样.
(5)、as含有“正如……”的意思,常与表示“判断、了解,指出”等意思的动词连用,作这些动词的宾语,或该动词用被动语态,as作主语.
She believed the fact,as had been expected.(as作主语)
As we know now,bats come out only at night.(as作宾语)
这些as引导的,被动结构的非限制性定语从句,已构成固定的形式和固定的译文.(6)、as不能用于“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句.如只能说:He finished his work,after which he sat some time reading the newspaper.他完成了他的工作,之后他坐着看了一会儿报纸.Which不能用as代替.
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