题目

请教几个简单的英语语法
1.Carol is more outgoing than I am.等不等于Carol is more outgoing than me.
2.I like to have friends who are different from me.这句话中为什么要用are而不用is,为什么从句可以写成who are different.,不写成who different are.
3.care 与careful关系与差别

提问时间：2020-05-21

答案

1.18世纪以来的英语语法强调than是连词而不是介词 也就是说
Bill is taller than him.应改为 Bill is taller than he (is).
但是会出现It surprises him more than me.
因为这里是It surprises him more than it surprises me.
现在的语法认为 除了像Shakespeare Johnson Swift Scott Faulkner的大作家中的作品中还会出现than me这样的情况 一般的作家或者正式书面用语中都不会再出现把 than 理解为介词
故第一个问题 意思上等于 但是前者更加正式 后者非正式（语法学家认为是错的）
2.who引导定语从句 从句中的动词单复数根据修饰的词 在主句中friends是修饰的成分 也就说修饰的是复数名词 那么这里的动词当然要用复数形式
定语从句中的结构基本按照陈述句语序
I like to have friends.
They are diff from me.
合并的时候 把they 改为who 那么就是上述语序了 表示喜欢交不一样的朋友
再比如
I want to visit Tom.
He was hurt by his girl friend.
合并为I want to visit Tom who was hurt by ...
3.careful是care 的形容词形式 后者是关心 前者是关切的 仔细的
care 名词
Fragile!Handle with care!
易碎品 小心轻放!
The baby needs a lot of care.
这婴孩需要精心照料
动词
I don't care what they say.
我不在乎他们说什么（及物动词）
I don't care for coffee.
我不喜欢喝咖啡（不及物动词 care for = like）
Do you care if I go?
如果我去的话 你不介意吧?（不及物动词）
careful 形容词
1.of/about/with 2.to do 3.doing 4.+ Wh- 5.+(that)
John was careful not to say anything about this to her.
约翰小心翼翼 避免向她提及此事.
Be careful with the dynamite.
当心这炸药
A good writer is careful about details.
凡是优秀作家都重视细节的描写
I am always careful when crossing a street.
我过马路时总是很小心的
作定语
The doctor gave him a careful examination.
医生对他作了彻底的检查