题目
题型：浙江省模拟题难度：来源：
Alzheimer"s (老年痴呆). Education plays a key role in lifelong memory performance and risk for mental
disorder, and it"s well documented that those with a college degree possess a cognitive (认知的) advantage
over their less educated counterparts in middle and old age.
Now, a large national study from Brandeis University published in the American Joumal of Geriatric
Psychiatry shows that those with less schooling can significantly make up for poorer education by frequently
engaging in mental exercises such as word games, puzzles, reading, and lectures.
"The lifelong benefits of higher education for memory in later life are quite lmpressive, but we do not
clearly understand how and why these effects last so long," said lead author Margie Lachman, a psychologist.
She suggested that higher educatlon may encourage lifelong interest in cognitive efforts, while those with less
education may not engage as frequently in mental exercises that help keep the memory agile (敏捷地).
But education early in adulthood does not appear to be the only route to maintain your memory. The study
found that intellectual activities undertaken regularly made a difference. "Among individuals with low education,
those who are engaged in reading, writing, attending lectures, doing word games or puzzles once a week or
more had memory scores similar to people with more education," said Lachman.
The study, called Midlife in the United States, assessed 3343 men and women between the ages of 32 and
84 with a mean age of 56 years. Almost 40 percent of the participants had at least a 4-year college degree. The
researchers evaluated how the partlclpants performed in two cognltlve areas,Verbal menlory and eXecutive
functiorl_brain processes invol"ed in planning, abstract thinking and cognitive flexibility. Participants were given
a battery of tests, including tests of verbal fluency, word recall, and backward counting.
As expected, those with higher education said they engaged in cognitive activities more often and also did
better on the memory tests, but some with lower education also did well, explained Lachman.
"The findings are promising because they suggest there rnay be ways to level the playing field for those
with lower educational achievement, and protect those at.greatest risk for memory declines," said Lachman.
"Although we cannot rule out the possibility that those who have better memories are the ones who take on
more activities, the evidence is consistent with cognitive plasticity (可塑性), and suggests some degree of
personal control over cognitive functioning in adulthood by adopting an intellectually active lifestyle."
B. Better memories result from college degree.
C. Cognitive activity does a mind good.
D. Poor education has more risk of memory declines.
B. education early in adulthood can be the only route to maintain your mernory
C. those with higher education did better on the memory tests than those with lower education
D. an intellectually active lifestyle does help to maintain your memory
B. The average age of the participants are 56 years old.
C. Participants had to perform in one of the two cognltlve areas.
D. One in four of the participants had a 4-year college degree.
B. We may have ways to cure the people who have memory declines.
C. Adopting a different lifestyle can control over cognitive functionlng.
D. We can find out the possibility to have better memories.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 If you don"t have a college degree, you"re at greater risk of developi】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm
reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They
can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person"s health than
expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They
speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. In general the person feels excited and
ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who
express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their
anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are
angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about.
If it is, they say, "Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are
able to express yourself calmly and reasonably."
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.
They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
B. the emotion is hannful
C. the feeling is veiy strong
D. the feeling is hard
B. Once you are angry,you must be cancered.
C. Angry as you are often,you can"t be cancered.
D. Anger may cause you a cancer.
B. is more harmful than
C. is no better than
D. is much better than
B. cool it down before you express it
C. laugh and laugh when you get angry
D. admit you are wrong when you are angry
be causing hearing loss in many people. Some experts say people may be playing them too loud and too long.
And experts say sound levels on these devices need to be set lower.
Researchers did a study with three hundred high school students and one thousand adults. They were
asked about their use of portable music devices. Forty percent of the students and adults said they set the
sound levels at high on their players. But students were twice more likely to play the mu- sic at a very loud
volume (音量). More than half of the students said they would probably not limit their listening time.
The study found that more than half of the students and less than forty percent of the adults had at least
one kind of hearing loss. Some reported difficulty hearing parts of a discussion between two people. Others
said they had to raise volume controls on a television or radio to hear it better. And, some experienced ringing
in their ears or other noises.
Hearing experts say part of the problem is the listening equipment people are using. They say large
earphones that cover the whole ear are probably safer than the smaller earbuds (耳塞) that come with most
music players. Hearing loss may not be obvious for years, however, once it happens, there is few chance of
curing. About thirty million Americans have some hearing loss. One third of them lost their hearing as a result
of loud noises.
The American Speech-language-Hearing Association is working with companies and government officials
on setting rules for use of portable music devices. The group says the best way to protect your hearing is
to _____, limit listening time and use earphones that block out foreign noises.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Compared to adults, teenagers are
more likely to turn up their players.
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please
answer within 10 words.)
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What trouble will happen to a person if he suffers some hearing loss? (Please give at least two examples
mentioned in the passage, each within 15 words.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________________________________
found in the African rain forest suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest. It"s hard not to wonder
of the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. "Most of the infections (感染)
we think of as human infections started in other animals." says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public
Health Preparedness at Columbia University.
It"s not just that we"re going to where the animals are; we"re also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign
pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen"s pets and she now thinks
that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. "I don"t think it"s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited
knowledge of them." says Isaksen.
"Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing."
says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their
owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it may
develop into something harmful (有害的). Monkey-pox doesn"t look a major infectious disease. But it is not
impossible to pass the disease from person to person.
B. prevent us from being infected
C. enjoy being with children
D. suffer from monkey-pox
B. We need to study native animals.
C. They can"t live out of the rain forest.
D. We do not know much about them yet.
B. a clear warning
C. a dangerous animal
D. a morning call
B. may easily get infected by diseases from dogs
C. should not be allowed to have pets
D. should stop buying pests from Africa
elementary school years, she was thin, but things changed as she grew up.
"My bad eating habits began during my kid years," says Healther Daivs. "In middle school, I played sports,
but with a diet of hamburgers and soda for lunch...big family dinners...I became overweight." During her
senior year in high school, Heather Davis, who is 5 feet 9 inches tall, weighed 200 pounds. "We had a meat-
and-potatoes family. We had dessert every night and I was a member of the "clean your plate club". I tried my
best to stop gaining weight, but it seemed impossible." remembers Healther Daivs. "It caught up with me." By
the time she was 21 and attended college, Heather Davis" weight had increased to 250 pounds. Heather Davis
says it was caused by emotional eating, a junk-food diet and lack (缺少) of exercise.
The realization that failed diet led to the physical (身体的) cost of obesity (肥胖) made her decide to lose
weight by taking exercise. She did gym exercise for two weeks and began changing her diet by cutting out
potato chips, ice cream and pizza. Within the first two weeks, she had lost 18 pounds. Heather Davis remained
determined, and over the next 12 months, with the support of her family and regular training with a gym trainer,
she lost 110 pounds.
"My days of treating my body badly are over," say Heather Davis. "I focus on things I enjoy such as
European trins, language classes and beach vacations." She says even though she"s lost 110 pounds, she"s still
the same person-outgoing, and more importantly-happy. She"s also become a good example for those who also
want to lose weight. "If I can do it, anybody can do it," says Heather Davis.
B. when she was 22 years old.
C. When she was a teenager.
D. During her college years.
B. it happened though I tried to prevent it
C. it kept up with me
D. it had a bad effect on my daily life
B. she ate more when she was stressed
C. she used to have a junk-food diet
D. she seldom took part in sports
B. How to lose weight
C. Stay away from unhealthy diets
D. Heather Davis-an outgoing woman.
ago.
About 300 BC, an Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing
of game animals was carefully governed. Some animals were fully protected. Within the forest, nobody was
allowed to cut trees, burn woods, or trap animals for their furs. Animals that became dangerous to human
visitors were trapped or killed outside the park so that other animals would not become uneasy.
The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before. About a thousand sorts of animals are in
danger of extinction, and the speed at which they are being destroyed has been putting on. With mammals, for
example, the speed of extinction is now about one sort every year; from AD l to 1800, the speed was about one
sort every fifty years. Everywhere, men are trying to solve the problem of saving wildlife while caring for the
world"s growing population.
B. was described by an Indian writer about 300 years ago
C. is met in many countries today
D. is carried out in forests as well as in national parks
B. only dangerous animals were to be killed
C. the killing of game animals was controlled
D. no killing of animals was allowed
B. stricter laws against hunting
C. the trees in the forests
D. the needs of people
B. about a thousand sorts of mammals are in danger of extinction
C. the speed of extinction of" mammals is lower now than it was from AD l to 1800
D. hunters who kill endangered sorts of animals are seriously punished by law
B. dying out
C. growing up
D. going away
最新试题
- 1下列水生动物中属于软体动物的是A．海葵B．珊瑚虫C．章鱼D．虾类
- 2含多种消化酶的消化液是（ ）A．唾液B．胃液C．胆汁D．胰液
- 3学校有个别学生，爱与老师对着干，在家也是。让他往东，他偏往西，这种心理属于（ ）
- 4小王利用计算机设计了一个计算程序，输入和输出的数据如下表：那么，当输入数据为8时，输出的数据为 ．输入…12345…输出
- 5英法两国资产阶级革命具有许多相同之处，它们包括①都因封建专制统治阻碍了资本主义的发展而爆发②都处死了封建国王③都遭到了外
- 6下表是元素周期表的一部分，有关说法正确的是 （ ）。 族周期ⅠAⅡAⅢAⅣAⅤAⅥAⅦA2 ab 3cde
- 7My husband can plan wonderful surprise celebrations for me.R
- 8我国营养学家将食物按照每日摄取量，形象地设计成五级“平衡膳食宝塔”，下表将宝塔中各级食物进行具体分类并提供了较为科学的参
- 9鲨鱼是世界上唯一不患癌症的动物．研究发现，鲨鱼体内含有的角鲨烯C30H50有抗癌作用，角鲨烯由______种元素组成，每
- 10（本小题满分14分）已知向量，求：（1）（2）的值。
热门考点
- 1设，向量且，则( )A．B．C．2D．10
- 2下列与水有关的说法正确的是（ ）A．澄清透明的液体就是水B．水结成冰是因为水发生化学变化C．用活性炭吸附可以降低水的硬
- 3第二次世界大战是人类历史发展的重要转折点，具有划时代的影响。这主要表现在二战[ ]A．消除了国际秩序中的大国强权
- 4圆心距为6的两圆相外切，则以这两个圆的半径为根的一元二次方程是[ ]A．x2-6x+10=0B．x2-6x+1=
- 5“我们要千方百计，在别的方面忍耐一些，甚至牺牲一点速度，把教育问题解决好。”***这段话的根本依据是[ ]A．教
- 6--- Thanks for inviting me to your party. ---__________.A．Ne
- 7下图所示为某同学演示使用测电笔的几种握笔方法，其中正确的是 [ ]A．甲、乙B．甲、丙 C．乙、丙 D．乙、丁
- 8The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sid
- 9听下面一段材料, 回答第1~3题.1. How often does the woman go swimming? A
- 10某同学在测定匀变速直线运动的加速度时，得到了几条较为理想的纸带．他已在每条纸带上按每5个点取好一个计数点，即两计数点之间