years. Liu, 15, is a Junior 2 student at Chicheng No. 2 Middle School. He began smoking four years ago.
"Smoking is part of my life," Liu said. Qiao and Liu are not those boys" real names. But their problem, smoking,
is a very real problem. In many countries, smoking is becoming a bigger problem for young people. Most
smokers start in their teens (years of a person"s age from 13 to 19) or earlier.
A study of 8,000 Beijing students last May told us that smoking is a problem for many Chinese kids.
More than 21% of middle school students and 6% of primary school pupils said they smoked.
"If young people start smoking early, they will probably get addicted to nicotine. And it will be very hard
to give up later on," said a professor.
Every year, about four million people die because of smoking. And if people keep smoking, that number
will go up to about 10 million a year by 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) says. So we have to
learn and tell others about the dangers of smoking.
B. Smoking is very important to me.
C. I don"t smoke at all.
D. I"m going to give up smoking.
B. He cannot stop smoking.
C. It will be difficult for him to give up smoking.
D. He will become lazy soon.
B. there are more and more smokers in China
C. some student smokers have already been seriously addicted
D. most of the smokers are young students
B. many people die because of smoking every year
C. WHO asks young people to give up smoking
D. nicotine makes people addicted
B. We should ask others to smoke outside.
C. We should laugh at smokers.
D. We should say no to smoking.
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about
attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical
opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger
was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So
did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt
in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a
bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor
ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply
and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have
moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter
than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children
off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an
American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune
system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
B. they thought bath houses were to dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
B. Curious
C. Approving
D. Uninterested
B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time.
D. By following the order of importance.
B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D. To present the change of views on dirt.
the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs
while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite
exercise DVD, Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I face my body to
finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is of my face. It"s
a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.
Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through
each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just
one bite of their grandmother"s chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my "no thank you," or
by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have learned it"s okay to just say "no." I shouldn"t feel sorry for
refusing food that I don"t want to eat.
So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream?
Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self-confidence
and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my
face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. It"s through
commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.
B. Because she finishes her favorite exercise.
C. Because she enjoys the interesting DVD.
D. Because she feels a sense of achievement.
B. She likes to make others surprised.
C. Others don"t understand what she dose.
D. Others try to help her by offering her food.
B. Firm belief
C. A strong power
D. A regular habit
B. She wants to look different from others.
C. She aims to develop a good body shape.
D. She has difficulty getting along with others.
environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing
but bad news about the environment. The "eco-guilt" brought on by the discouraging about our planet gives
rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.
Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The
Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the "real state of the world" as fine. Of course, another
explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg"s views
are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to
confuse the public about issues like global warming.
So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg"s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were
contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews
full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that "After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin
to die down."
Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in
Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg"s
"preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)".
A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could
allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire
to be shocking or to defend some special interest. People might become half-blind before a world partially
exhibited by the media. That"s a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too
important to be treated lightly.
B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.
C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.
D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.
B. The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.
C. The author convinces people to speak comforting worldviews.
D. Industry-funded media present confusing information.
B. find fault with Lomborg"s book
C. challenge the authority of the media
D. point out the value of scientific views.
B. To warn the public of the danger of half-blindness with reviews.
C. To blame the media"s lack of responsibility in information.
D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.
so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be
that their parents have failed to enforce (确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead
students aren"t used to the early hour.
"Maybe these kids me being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies," says Mary Carskadon, a
professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的) sleep at Brown"s School of Medicine.
Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more
basic level. She and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect
sleep needs and patterns.
Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less,
as commonly thought.
Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer
to stay up later at nigh and sleep later in the morning. But it"s not just a matter of choice-their bodies are going
through a change of sleep patters.
All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school-which may start one hour earlier in the
morning-all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks
set on the "sleep late, rise late" pattern, adolescent are up against difficulties when it conics to trying to be up
by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first hell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body"s way of saying. "I need
a timeout."
B. it is biologically difficult for students to rise early
C. students work so late at night that they can"t get up early
D. students are so lazy that they don"t like to go to school early
B. agree with others
C. full asleep
D. refuse to work
B. Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.
C. Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.
D. Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.
B. Problems in adolescent learning.
C. Adolescent sleep difficulties.
D. Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.
time: early morning, noon, and evening. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas
shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. "Come on!" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged
by my house every evening. "You"ll feel great."
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging
seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is
the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our
neighborhood jogging army. I"m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet a real pounding (追击) ruining down a road
for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger
who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn"t kill hundreds
of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes
isn"t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my
thoughts" Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn"t just the first week: it was
practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn"t fun. What a cruel way to do
it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don"t jog any more, and I don"t think I ever will. I"m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace,
and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I"m getting exercise, and I"m enjoying it at the
same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I"ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
B. people jogged only during the daytime
C. Alex organized an army of joggers
D. jogging provided a chance to get together
B. Back problems
C. famous joggers
D. physical weaknesses
B. He was very fond of it.
C. He was strongly against it.
D. He thought it must be painful.
B. He found it neither healthy nor interesting.
C. He was afraid of having a heart attack.
D. He was worried about being left alone.
B. he is the only person who hates jogging
C. nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D. jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport.
- 1酵母菌营_____ 生活,缺氧时,酵母菌分解葡萄糖产生 _____ 和 _______ ,即酒精发酵。在温
- 2在一个种群中基因型为AA的个体占70%,Aa的个体占20%o,aa的个体占10%。A基因和a基因的基因频率分别是[
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- 6先化简,再求值:(a-3)(a+3)-a(a-6),其中a=5-12.
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- 9 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
- 10世界卫生组织号召人们使用铁制炊具,以补充人体对“铁”这种营养物质的需要,因为[ ]A.铁是血红蛋白的成分之一B.
- 1当一只电阻两端的电压增大到原来的2倍时,在相同的时间内这只电阻消耗的电能就变为原来的______倍.
- 2扇形AOB的半径为1,圆心角为90°.点C,D,E将弧AB等分成四份.连接OC,OD,OE,从图中所有的扇形中随机取出一
- 3下列由极性键构成的非极性分子是( )A.N2B.HFC.NH3D.CO2
- 4世界气温分布的一般规律是什么?(3分)答:
- 5★The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the
- 6She told me she wanted to ________ her two o’clock appointme
- 7Why is he always forcing his daughter to practice playing th
- 8Conversation1. What time does school begin? [ ]A. At 7:0
- 9电磁波在真空中的传播速度大小为 m/s;地球上一发射器向月球发射电磁波,需经
- 10下面4幅人口增长曲线图,与我国实际相符的是[ ]A、AB、BC、CD、D