题目
题型：北京模拟题难度：来源：
Like distance runners on a measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable
pattern.
In the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (energy).
After we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.
A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we
do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.
Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. The lungs become less able to take in
oxygen. Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. The heart loses power and pumps less blood. Bones
grow easier to break.
Finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. Often, it is only a minor
accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end.
In 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories (unit
for measuring the energy value of food) in their diet. The reason for the effect was then unknown.
Today, at the university of California at Berkley, Dr. Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal
lifetime of rats. The result was achieved through a special protein (蛋白质) limited diet, which had a great
effect on the chemistry of the brain. Seagle showed that within the brain, specific chemicals control many
of the signals that influence aging. By changing that chemical balance, the clock of aging can be reset.
For the first time, the mystery (something that is difficult to understand or to explain) of why we age is
being seriously challenged. Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.
An average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. If we could keep the
vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.
B. Stress.
C. Aging.
D. Physical resistance.
B. physical fitness can"t stop the force of aging
C. human"s lifetime will last longer than 75 years
D. all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body
B. By cutting the calories in their diet
C. By resetting their clock of aging
D. By keeping their physical fitness
B. The Mystery of Human Life
C. Ways to lengthen Human Life
D. The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Like distance runners on a measured course, all of us will move throug】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
officials announced the results of the latest tiger count. The census (统计) totaled 1,706 tigers in forests
across the Asian country-about 300 more than four years ago. "These numbers give us hope for the future
of tigers in the world," said Jim Leape, international director of the World Wildlife Fund.
A century ago, about 100,000 tigers lived in India"s forests. But by 2002, a count showed that there were
only 3,600 left. The number dropped to 1,411 in 2007. What caused India"s tiger population to shrink so
dramatically?
More than anything else, experts say, development has taken a toll. People have moved into tiger territory
and destroyed much of the animal"s habitat. Today, tigers live on a just small part of the land they occupied
100 years ago.
Illegal hunting has also contributed to the decline. Poachers (盗猎者) can demand high fees for tiger parts,
which are a key ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. The parts from one tiger can sell for tens of
thousands of dollars.
India"s news is a step in the right direction. But while the number of tigers has increased there in the last
four years, the animals" habitat has shrunk. Roads and construction projects have blocked off many tiger
corridors-routes used by the big cats to go from one forest to another. "Securing these corridors should be
taken up as a priority," says Rajesh Gopal, of the National Tiger Conservation Authority.
Last November, leaders from the 13 countries that are home to wild tigers met in St. Petersburg, Russia,
to develop a plan to help the endangered cats. They set a goal to double the world"s tiger population by the
year 2022. Will we reach that goal? With India"s tiger population on the rise and conservationists around the
world focused on helping the big cats, it seems it just might happen.
B. reduce
C. disappear
D. remove
B. Roads and construction projects have bridged tiger corridors.
C. Some India"s tigers have been hunted for to attract visitors.
D. Too many tigers are used in making traditional Chinese medicine.
B. Rajesh Gopal is in charge of the World Wildlife Fund
C. the world"s tiger population will surely be doubled by 2022
D. international efforts are being made to protect India"s tigers
B. Objective
C. Optimistic
D. Concerned
fashionable blue couch which patients sit on while he checks their teeth. Jerome says, "That"s because they"re
frightened."
1_____ "That"s why I don"t wear a white coat. I find that"s one of the things that people associate with
pain. In fact, my philosophy is that dental treatment should take place in an atmosphere of relaxation, interest
and, above all, enjoyment."
Which is all highly shocking for anyone who associates dental treatment with pain, or at the very least,
formal, clinical visits. He says, "If people are relaxed, entertained and correctly treated, they will forget such
previous unpleasant experiences."
Virtual-reality headsets are one of his new relaxation techniques, "2_____ The headsets are used for the
first check-up, where the patient sits on the blue couch and watches an underwear film while I look at their
teeth." Then the headset switches to a special camera, to give the patient a visual tour around their mouth.
Another key point is that the surgery smells more like a perfume shop than a dentist"s. Today there is the
smell of orange."When people walk in, I want them to realize with all their senses that it"s not like going to
dentist"s. Smell is very important. 3_____"
Known as Glasgow"s most fashionable dentist, Jerome is keen to point out that he takes his work very
seriously. "4_____"
For example, Jerome uses a special instrument which sprays warm water on the teeth to clean them, rather
than scraping them. "It feels a bit strange, but as long as people are relaxed, it"s not painful."
5_____ "One of the things I found out there was that when you make it easier for the patient, you make it
easier for yourself." He sees his patient-centered attitude as the start of a gradual movement towards less
formality in the conservative British dentistry profession.
At that moment, a patient arrives. Jerome rushes over, offers him a cup of tea, asks him what video he"d
like to watch and leads him gently towards the chair.
B. He has tried to create an environment where people are not afraid.
C. The relaxation techniques are important but the quality of the treatment is the most important thing.
D. We were the first practice in Britain to introduce them.
E. Now they look forward to their visits here.
F. That dental smell of surgical spirit can get the heart racing in minutes if you"re frightened of dentists.
G. Fifty percent of the population only go to the dentist when they"re in pain.
Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, snow storms, landslides and droughts killed
at least a quarter of a million people in 2010-the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were
killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years
combined.
"It just seemed like it was back-to-back and it came in waves," said Craig Fugate, who heads the U.S.
Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010.
And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say.
Even though many catastrophes have the ring of random chance, the hand of man made this a particularly
deadly, costly, extreme and weird (古怪的) year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes.
Poor construction and development practices conspire to make earthquakes more deadly than they need
be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable (脆弱的) buildings in crowded cities. That means that when the
ground shakes, the river breaches, or the tropical cyclone hits, more people die.
Disasters from the Earth, such as earthquakes and volcanoes "are pretty much constant," said Andreas
Schraft, vice president of catastrophic perils for the Geneva-based insurance giant Swiss Re."All the change
that"s made is man-made."
The January earthquake that killed well more than 220,000 people in Haiti is a perfect example. Port-au-
Prince has nearly three times as many people - many of them living in poverty-and more poorly built shanties
than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2010, total deaths would have probably
been in the 80,000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International
University.
In February, an earthquake that was more than 500 times stronger than the one that struck Haiti hit an area
of Chile that was less populated, better constructed, and not as poor. Chile"s bigger quake caused fewer than
1,000 deaths.
Climate scientists say Earth"s climate also is changing, bringing extreme weather, such as heat waves and
flooding.
In the summer, one weather system caused oppressive heat in Russia, while farther south it caused flooding
in Pakistan that inundated 161,200 square kilometers, about the size of Wisconsin. That single heat-and-storm
system killed almost 17,000 people, more people than all the worldwide airplane crashes in the past 15 years.
Scientists have calculated that the killer Russian heat wave-setting a national record of 43.9℃-would
happen once every 100,000 years without global warming.
B. Terrorist attacks.
C. Poor buildings.
D. Too rapid development.
B. earthquakes are causing more damage because of human beings
C. stronger houses should be built to limit storm damage
D. Port-au-Prince is now overpopulated
B. give the details of some natural disasters of 2010
C. warn that more natural disasters are to strike
D. blame humanity for not helping those affected by the disasters
efforts in the past couple of years, says a report published last Monday by Yale University"s Rudd Center for
Food Policy & Obesity.
2_____. For example, it found that unhealthy foods take up children"s menus, 3_____, only a dozen met the
nutritional standards the researchers set for preschoolers, and 15 met the criteria for teenagers.
To achieve saturation (渗透) of advertising, fast food restaurants spent more than $ 4.2, billion on marketing
and advertising last year, with $ 660 million on marketing specially to young people. At these rates, children and
adolescents see more advertisements for fast food than for any other kind of food.
4_____, the report found that French fries are served with kids" meals 86% of the time, and soft drinks at
least 55% of the time.
US first lady Michelle Obama has called on the companies to limit their marketing campaigns directed at
children. "As a mom, I know it is my responsibility, to raise my kids," she said. " 5_____, what does it mean
when so many parents are finding their best efforts ruined by too many advertisements aimed at our kids."
B. But we have to ask ourselves
C. And fast food lays kids
D. The study doesn"t show fast food companies in the best light
E. Though they might not have much money to spend
F. Out of 3,309 likely meal combinations G. Despite advertisements that show healthy options
actually the latest in teenage footwear.
But experts are now warning that the current shoe fashions will be causing teenagers discomfort in the short
term and storing up years of foot, knee and back pain in the future.
Here, the experts identify the problems caused by teenagers" shoe choice.
