题目
题型：江苏期中题难度：来源：
environment. Often, this waste produced by major industries and people is harmful to both nature
and human life.
One of the main causes of the large amount of dangerous waste is that people do not realize
how large a problem it is. Because it can be simply removed and sent to a landfill(废渣填埋场),
the problem is often believed to end there. In addition, industries have often shown an unwillingness
to find ways to deal with dangerous waste because of the related expenses. Many industries and
governments build simple landfills to store waste, and often just pour waste chemicals into nearby
bodies of water. Often, chemicals used for industrial production cause dangerous forms of waste.
The amount of these chemicals has increased greatly in the past, but it is often difficult and expensive
to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way safe to human life and the environment.
Every year, major health problems result from dangerous waste. Sadly, it is often only after
someone has died or become seriously ill that governments will take measures to reduce levels of
harmful waste.
Some governments have realized how serious the dangerous waste problem is and are now trying
to settle this problem. They are also trying to limit the amount of waste industries are allowed to
produce.
Not only governments but ordinary people as well must work together to solve the problem.
They can choose not to buy those products which require the production of dangerous waste, and
produce less harmful waste themselves. Many scientists think that waste production can be cut. The
waste can be reduced by at least one third using existing technologies and methods.
B. Danger of Harmful Waste to Mankind
C. Dangerous Waste and Water Pollution
D. Environmental Protection
B. do not know where to place the dangerous waste
C. are not clear about how serious the dangerous waste problem is
D. are not sure about where harmful waste ends
B. How to increase their production.
C. How to store harmful waste.
D. How to cut down the related costs.
B. Present technologies have settled the harmful waste products.
C. Everyone should obey the government rules for the problem.
D. To solve the problem requires the efforts of the whole society.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Besides giving off gases and dusts into the air, humans produce waste 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
about it than any of the other illnesses.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused
by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact,directly or
indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds,it would be reasonable to expect the
Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in distant and isolated Arctic regions explorers have reposed being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的)people from the
outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they
gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long periods of time. After taking hot baths,
they put on bathing suits,allowed themselves to be doused(浸入)with cold water, and then stood about
dripping wet in drafty(通风的)room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain
until close to complete tiredness. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus
was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then,cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds,why are they more frequent in the
winter? Despite the most pains--taking research,no one has yet found the answer. One explanation
offered by scientists is that people are more likely to stay together indoors in cold weather than at other
times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such
as aspirin,but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.
B. viruses are the factors causing colds.
C. colds are more serious than other illnesses.
D. the idea that cold leads to colds doesn"t stand up.
B. taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired.
C. it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds.
D. people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily.
B. viruses can go into people"s warm bodies more easily in winter.
C. staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on.
D. People are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter
B. the myths about colds.
C. the experiments on colds.
D. the continued spread of common colds.
obvious health benefits that result from the elimination (排除) of red meat from your diet. In
general, vegetarians have lower levels of blood fats, cholesterol (胆固醇) and triglyceride
(甘油三酸脂) than meat eaters of a similar age and social status.
High levels of blood fats are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Lacto-ovo
vegetarians (乳类蛋类素食者), who eat eggs and dairy products, have higher cholesterol levels
than vegans (绝对素食者). Even among lacto-ovo vegetarians, however, cholesterol levels
are generally lower than they are among meat eaters.
Researchers have found that older men that eat meat six or more times a week are twice as
likely to die of heart disease as those that don"t have meat. Among middle-aged men, meat eaters
were four times more likely to suffer a fatal heart attack, according to the study.
As for women, who are partly protected by their hormones and generally develop heart disease
later in life than men, the risk of fatal heart disease has been found to be lower only among older
vegetarians. In a 1982 study of more than 10 000 vegetarians and meat eaters, British researchers
found that the more meat people consumed, the greater risk they had of suffering a heart attack.
Though eliminating meat from the diet is likely to reduce your consumption of heart-damaging
fats and cholesterol, continuing to eat large amounts of high-fat dairy products and cholesterol-rich
eggs can reduce the benefit. The introduction of more vegetables, fruit and raw foods will definitely
enhance the benefits of giving up eating meat.
EXCEPT their_________.
A. heart rate
B. cholesterol levels
C. triglyceride levels
D. blood fat levels
B. eliminating red meat from your diet is no good for your health
C. eating more vegetarian food can have obvious benefits for your health
D. the possibility of meat eaters developing heart disease is twice as high as that for vegetarians
B. vegetarians don"t eat eggs and dairy products
C . vegans have the lowest cholesterol levels
D. vegans do not have the risk of catching heart disease
A. Women tend to suffer from heart disease earlier men.
B. Older women have less chance of suffering from heart disease than young women.
C. Eating more meat may increase a person"s chance of developing heart disease.
D. Eating meat has little influence on older people"s health.
People who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerful psychological need
that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders.
They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain
reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting
than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their
pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things
they buy.
There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people
look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters,however, often buy things that
they don"t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets,
but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people,
they feel that they are winners. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a
good reason for the things that they do and thereal reason.
It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, butalso
business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They
consider people"s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs andopinions,
and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy (疗法)"to help individuals solvetheir
personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they haveproblems with
money.
B. in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life
C. just to meet his or her strong psychological need
D. entirely with an irrational eagerness
B. because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money
C. because they have money problem
D. because they want to save money to help heir budget
B. the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders
C. a special psychology of bargain hunting
D. the use of the psychology of spending habits in business
B. need special treatment
C. can"t be cured
D. can never get any help to solve their problems with money
写作。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Easy Ways to Boost(改善)Your Mood
_______1_______. Taking an extra moment for yourself will make your day brighter and give
you a healthier outlook on life. Here are some simple ways you can bring a little happiness into
your life right now:
1. Go for a walk.
Grab your dog, best friend, or your significant other and head out on a brisk(轻快的) walk. Just a
little bit of exercise can boost your mood and give you a fresh perspective on problems that have
been bothering you. Think walks are boring? ________2_______. Take a trip to the mall, or
even walk to get some frozen yogurt. Make it a fun trip and you"ll surely make it part of your routine.
2.________3________.
After all, laughter is the best medicine. Pick up something that makes you laugh like a funny picture
, book, magazine, or a DVD of your favorite comedy. _______4______. Giving yourself time to
laugh boosts feel-good endorphins(胺多酚).
3. ________5________ .
Take a photo of yourself doing something you enjoy, like roller skating, skiing, swimming, playing
an instrument, or being with friends and family. Place the picture on your desk to remind yourself
that you lead an amazing life and have lots to be happy about.
A. Model behavior
B. Try walking to a place that seems exciting to you
C. Ten minutes of relaxation can do wonders
D. Even the most optimistic people can use a mood boost every once in a while
E. Tell someone that you"re guaranteed to brighten their day
F. You could even plan a date night out to a comedy club
G. Buy something silly
butts(烟头) and plastic bags. Litter is a big problem for our environment but it is a problem that individuals can easily do something about. Not littering at all or cleaning up litter, such as cigarette butts and plastic
bags, greatly improves the quality of our environment.
Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Over 1,600 billion cigarettes are
smoked each year in China and large quantities of the butts are thrown away. Worldwide, about 4. 5
trillion cigarette butts are littered every year. Apart from the fact that butts spoil the beauty of the
environment, they contain some very toxic chemicals. These find their way into the water supply where
they reduce the quality of the water and cause danger to plants and animals that live there. So, if people
have to smoke, they shouldn"t throw away the cigarette butts but put them in the rubbish bin instead.
Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is a danger to the environment. There are several
reasons for this. They are made from oil and gas, which are non-renewable resources(资源). If they are
not recycled, these resources are lost to us. In China, 2 billion plastic bags are used every day. A large
number of these become litter. This is a huge problem because they last from 20 to 1,000 years in the
environment. They float easily in the air and water and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers,
parks, beaches and oceans. Plastic bags kill up to 1,000,000 seabirds, 100, 000 sea mammals and
countless fish each year worldwide. It is up to people not to let plastic bags become litter. It would be
better if they used fewer and recycled them.
Cleaning up your cigarette butts and plastic bags would improve the environment. And we would
know that we were doing something to look after our planet. However, I believe the best solution would
be not to smoke or use plastic bags at all.
( 1= paragraph 1; 2= paragraph 2; 3= paragraph 3; 4= paragraph 4 )
B. para1+para2,3+para4
C. para1,2,3+para4
D.para1,2+para3,4
B. useless
C. extra
D. harmful
B. Chinese smokers litter up to 4. 5 trillion cigarette ends every year
C. the cigarette ends can last 20 to 1,000 years in the environment of China
D. people in the world use 2 billion plastic bags in a single day
B. Protect the Sea Animals
C. Clean Up Your Cigarette ends and Bags
D. Use Paper Bags Now
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