题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
In 2002, former England international footballer Jeff Astle died aged 59. A coroner (验尸官) said that Astle died from a brain disease likely to have been caused by “repeated small damages to the brain” related to heading a heavy leather football.
Dr. Scott Delaney, research director of emergency medicine at McGill University Health Center in Montreal, Canada, has also researched soccer-related head injury and agrees that head-to-head or elbow-to-head blows are the real risk.
In 2007, Delaney carried out a study on footballers aged between 12 and 17 that showed they were half as likely to be concussed (使脑部受到震荡) wearing headgear (帽) than without.
He said youngsters have a higher risk of head injury than adults because their heads are thinner and less able to absorb shock. To make matters worse, their neck muscles aren’t as well developed and they often lack the correct heading technique that can help throw away the force of the ball.
Delaney recommends that children wear headgear when playing football and says his two eldest children wear head protection playing the sport. But he admits that children can be unwilling to be the first to wear head protection—especially when their football heroes play without it.
While headgear can protect footballers from being concussed during a match, no one knows the long-term effects of repeated “sub-concussive” blows to the head.
Delaney says that while there is indirect evidence that a career in soccer can lead to dementia, no one has yet found a sure link between the two. He says proving a link would mean monitoring hundreds of footballers for three or four decades—and that would take a lot of funding.
小题1:Which might be the best title of the passage?
A.Playing football may lead to brain damage. |
B.Repeated small damages to the brain. |
C.Footballers should wear headgear when playing. . |
D.Evidence to dementia. |
A.Long-term effects of blows. |
B.Wearing head protection. |
C.Underdeveloped neck muscles. |
D.Head-to-head or elbow-to-head blows. |
A.headgear is harmful to their heads | B.headgear influences their skills |
C.they should follow their idols | D.they mustn’t lead the fashion |
A.Delaney has studied dementia for three or four decades |
B.few footballers would like to be studied in the research |
C.funding is important in order to carry out the research. |
D.no one can find the link between playing football and dementia |
答案
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:C
解析
核心考点
试题【A number of scientific studies have suggested that repeatedly heading a football】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191221/20191221023345-31090.gif)
*Smoking will hurt their health.
*Smoking creates secondhand smoke,which you don"t like .
*Smoking will make it hard for them to keep up with you be
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191221/20191221023345-41643.gif)
If you think it will help,you could print out articles like this one to give it to your mom or dad. But what if your parent gets angry with you for bringing up the topic of smoking?People don"t like to be reminded that they are doing something unhealthy,so it"s possible that your parents will be insulted or angry,especially if they"re worried they won"t be able to quit.Maybe they have tried before and failed.
Remember to be kind and respectful when you discuss smoking with your mom or dad. Also rememeber that it is difficult to quit.Some people try several times before they"re able to quit for good. Instead of yelling at the them,tell them that you love them and want them to enjoy many healthy years ahead. In time,your mom or dad may realize you are right about smoking .And if they do agree to stop smoking,be their biggest supporter.Ask if there"s anything you can do to help them when they feel the urge to smoke.Maybe you could go for a walk,do a puzzle,or listen to music together.As they reach milestones,such as a month without smoking,be sure to celebrate the achievement.Way to go,mom!Way to go,dad!
小题1: In the first paragraph,the author intended to tell us______.
A.the reasons you have for your parents" giving up smoking |
B.the great damage smokin![]() |
C.most smokers are includable and stubborn |
D.smoking does harm to smoker"s health |
A.the smokers will accept your advice willingly |
B.the smokers may become very annoyed at once |
C.the smokers will take your words into account |
D.the smokers will put you in an embarrassing situation |
A.stones which are miles away |
B.agreements signed by both sides |
C.practical tools for stopping smoking |
D.achievements gained with great efforts |
A.school teachers | B.health experts |
C.sons and daughters | D.medical scientists |
Weight loss is a hard topic. Lots of people aren’t satisfied with their present weight, but most people aren’t sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic(现实的) for you . 小题1:
So what should you do about your weight control?
小题2: The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian (营养学家 ).
小题3: If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started.
小题4: People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measures usually gain back all of the pounds they lost, because they haven’t permanently(永久地) changed their habits. Therefore, the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain for a lifetime.
Small changes are a lot easier to stick with (坚持做) than large ones. Try reducing the size of what you eat. 小题5: Once you have that down, start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life.
It’s a good idea to maintain a healthy weight because it’s just that: healthy.
A.Try giving up regular soda for a week. |
B.Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you’re full. |
C.Weight management is about long-term success. |
D.Besides, no magical diet will make you look like someone else. |
F.Changing from whole to nonfat or low-fat milk is also a good idea.
G.They will compare your weight with healthy standards and help you set goals
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. ___小题1:___
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sickness. ___小题2:___ So they are called “disease of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noticed that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. __小题3:___ However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of day.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy product, and they made very little use of grains.
___小题4:___ We eat six times more salt than our ancestors(祖先). We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat b
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191221/20191221023300-54703.gif)
___小题5:___ But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way as our ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
A.These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. |
B.People today probably don’t want to live the way people thousands of years ago did. |
C.Ancient people also lived in large groups. |
D.But today, we eat a lot of these. |
F. In that case, they would live much healthier.
G. People today probably live the same life as people thousands of years ago did.
Dan Heins, one of the cafe’s regular customers, had a 36 : kidney dialysis(肾透析) from 6 to 10 a.m on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, after 37 at the cafe. The 56-year-old owner of the small cafe, Nancy 38 that Heins" diabetes(糖尿病)was 39 for his kidney failure and the cut-off of his leg. And Dan knew that Nancy, a single mother with three daughters, worked two other jobs to 40 the cafe open and meet her housing loans.
One morning as he ordered his breakfast, he 41 he would be on kidney dialysis the rest of his life if he didn"t receive a(n) 42 . Nancy didn"t hesitate, simply saying “I’ll donate”. A normal 43 volunteered to give him an organ? It seemed 44 to Dan, and Nancy had to spend a few weeks 45 him she was serious. The day before Thanksgiving in 2009, the results of the medical tests came in: She was a 46 .
While they were 47 the transplant, Dan’s other leg was cut off and Nancy’s financial 48 grew from bad to worse.
Nancy decided to close the cafe last September much 49 she loved it. At the same time, her home was going into 50 . Dan"s insurance would 51 her surgery costs, but she was worried too much that she wouldn"t be able to work the part-time jobs for six weeks.
Steve Ohlsen, another customer of the cafe, 52 a donation box near the register. In less than one month, people gave Nancy several thousand dollars—enough to ensure 53 on her home while she recovered.
Nancy and Dan had their 54 in September. Four months later,Dan is 55 dialysis, and Nancy has sent thank-you notes to her supporters.
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Your bedroom should be shaped to your taste and to allow you to sleep in a peaceful environment. One of the biggest mistakes people make in their sleep is to use their bedroom for activities other than sleep. If your bedroom also functions as a command station for your life and work, the likelihood of your sleeping being poor is rather high. Bedrooms should be designed, decorated and used for mainly sleep. TVs, computers and other things should not be in your bedroom if at all possible.
Establishing regular sleeping and waking times can help improve the quality of your sleep especially for those suffering from sleeplessness. Avoid hot food, caffeine, sugar and alcohol at least 4 to 6 hours before your sleep time. Develop a regular exercise program. Proper exercise and nutrition will help improve sleeping patterns. However, avoid exercising 2 hours before sleeping, since this may stimulate your body and make sleeping more difficult.
Establish a pre-bedtime rule that will help focus you on sleep. You can try meditation(沉思),reading or deep breathing and relaxation. Your bedtime rule should be yours. Do not worry about it fitting into a specific category. Do what is the best for you.
Things such as room temperature, noise and light levels and even your bed mattress can have a lot of effect on the quality of sleep that you experience. Block out distracting noises and lights. You are in your bedroom to sleep and not be distracted by environmental interferences(干扰).
小题1: According to the author, ________.
A.the bedroom has many functions than expected |
B.the bedroom is better used for sleep |
C.computers can make people sleep fast |
D.amusements are forbidden in the bedroom by law |
A.a well- designed bedroom is important to you |
B.you’d better have steady sleeping and waking time |
C.cold food and sugar are good for you |
D.you need proper exercise and nutrition |
A.Alcohol can produce troubled sleep. |
B.Anytime taking exercises does good to sleep |
C.What nourishes the body can improve sleeping patterns |
D.taking a deep breath can calm you down |
A.a good sleep environment contributes to good sleep. |
B.blinding lights can make for a good sleep. |
C.bed mattress plays a key part in sleep. |
D.distracted people are sleepless. |
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