题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient"s body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient"s physical problems, but the patient"s mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor"s treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton"s method emphasizes treatment of the “whole” patient.
The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton"s psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor（肿瘤） in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient"s positive attitude fight the disease.
Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease.
Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance（催眠状态）. Then the physician makes “a suggestion” to the patient about the medical problem. The patient"s mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment.
Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic（慢性的）diseases. Asthma （哮喘） is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in
breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily.Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems.
Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in med
icine.小题1:What does the passage mainly discuss?
| A．How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children. |
| B．How modern therapy focuses on the disease. |
| C．Responses from the medical world. |
| D．How to use the mind against disease. |
| A．The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him. |
| B．The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient"s problems. |
| C．The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease. |
| D．The patient uses his mind to cure himself. |
A. The medical treatment can cure the patient"s mental disease.
B. The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary.
C. The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment.
D. Few patients have emotional response to the disease.
小题4:The use of psychological therapy is helpful to some patients in that .
| A．the medical effect is better with psychological therapy than without it |
| B．the patients can see a powerful beam of radiation hitting their tumor cells |
| C．the patients" attitudes towards themselves have changed |
| D．the patients are easy to accept the methods the doctors use to treat them |
| A．help adults deal with the strong pain of some diseases |
| B．help the patients with chronic diseases |
| C．help change some bad habits |
| D．help cure patients of insomnia（失眠症） |
| A．The value of mental therapy. |
| B．The effectiveness of suggestion therapy. |
| C．The working principle of suggestion therapy. |
| D．The importance of psychology in medical treatment. |
答案
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:D
小题1:C
解析
核心考点
试题【Psychology(心理学) has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, to】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that may have no symptoms for years, but can eventually cause serious health conditions, including heart attack and stroke.
Other benefits over time as teens hit 50 years of age include a 7-12 percent reduction in coronary heart disease(冠心病), an 8-14 percent reduction in heart attacks, and a 5-8 percent reduction in stroke.
Fast food typically contains too much sodium. One bag of Nacho Cheese Doritos has 310 milligrams. Pizza is one of the biggest problems for teens when it comes to sodium, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
“The additional benefit of lower salt intake early is that we can hopefully change the expectations of how food should taste, ideally to something slightly less salty,” says Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, the lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
“Most of the salt we eat is not from our salt shaker(盐瓶), but salt that is already added in food that we eat.” she added.
小题1:Which is a benefit of a low sodium diet according to the text?
| A．No risk of heart disease. | B．Smaller chance of stroke. |
| C．Low blood pressure. | D．Slightly more heart attacks. |
| A．7%-12% | B．8%-14% | C．30%-43% | D．5%-8% |
| A．A lower sodium diet can get teenagers used to less salty food. |
| B．A good eating habit can help teens have less junk food. |
| C．Teens should avoid pizzas and other salty foods. |
| D．We can add more salt from our salt shaker to the food. |
| A．Teens Cutting Salt for Healthier Adulthood |
| B．Diet and Health |
| C．Sodium Brings Health Concerns |
| D．A Cause of Hypertension |
a professor of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, led a group of scientists that investigated how pre-recorded videos of hypertension （高血压） patients" talking about their medical histories helped another group of patients with high blood pressure to control their condition over several months．Houston was surprised by their studies that suggested that communication can be a powerful tool in medicine．They showed that those who had had similar experiences, when talking to someone with a similar background, could help change their behavior to become healthier．Hypertension is difficult to control, since it is dependent on diet, exercise and mental state．Medical treatments with drugs, and lifestyle therapies（疗法） have been relatively ineffective because people find it hard to follow those medical requirements．
In the test, his team carefully chose their story-tellers from 230 members of a patients" community with whom they could most easily relate．Next, they divided their study population into two groups．One received three interactive （互动） DVDs containing the tellers" stories of their experiences in living with and treating their hypertension．The other were given educational discs on an unrelated health topic．The study volunteers reported that they had listened to the DVDs, and after three months, those who heard the stories of the hypertensive patients lowered their blood pressure．
While the study did not address how the story-telling influenced the patients" behavior, Houston suspects that watching patients of similar backgrounds who had a similar medical experience helped to motivate them to seek medical help to their hypertension．They found that after six months the difference in blood pressure between those who watched the story-tellers and those who observed the unrelate
d videos remained, suggesting that the story-telling continued to have an effect．小题1:We can learn from the text that the pre-recorded videos _________．
| A．tell medical histories of hypertension patients |
| B．introduce some medical treatments of hypertension |
| C．introduce a good lifestyle for hypertensive patients |
| D．tell scientific discoveries of the scientist group |
| A．hypertension is really difficult to control |
| B．communication has some medical effects |
C．medical treatments have  no effect at all |
| D．people don"t follow the medical requirements |
| A．The scientists chose 230 patients from a hospital． |
| B．Both the groups used the same videos about health topic． |
| C．The two groups lowered blood pressure in different degrees． |
D．The story-tellers were hypertension pat ients as well． |
| A．The stories of some hypertension patients． |
| B．Medical treatments of blood pressure． |
| C．Storytelling may help lower blood pressure． |
| D．Suggestions about how to lower blood pressure． |
Doctors say anger can be extremely damaging, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time, some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called ____________.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain release the same hormones. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. in general the person feels excited and ready to act
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you
are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
小题1:What bad results can anger cause? (Please answer within 10 words.)
____________________________________________________________________________
小题2:What’s the topic sentence of the 5th paragraph in th
e passage?____________________________________________________________________________
小题3: Please fill in the blank with pr
oper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)____________________________________________________________________________
小题4: List the three ways people express their anger mentioned in the passage.
①__________________________________________________________________________
②__________________________________________________________________________
③__________________________________________________________________________
小题5:Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Organizers hope Food Day will inspire Americans to hold thousands of events in schools, college campuses, houses of worship and even in private homes aimed at fixing America’s food system．A Food Day event could be as small as a parent organizing a vegetable identification contest at a kindergarten class-or as massive as a rally（集会）in a city park, with entertainment and healthy food．Health departments, city councils and other policy makers could use Food Day to launch campaigns, hold hearings, or otherwise address communities food problems．
The campaign will advocate progress toward five central goals:
·Reducing diet-related disease by promoting healthy foods．The American diet is too low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and too high in fatty meat, soft drinks and salty packaged and restaurant foods-contributing to hundreds of thousands of premature deaths each year．
·Supporting sustainable farms and stopping subsidies to agribusiness．Billions of federal dollars a year would be better spent helping environmentally conscious family farmers than hugeagribusiness operations．
·Expanding access to food and alleviating hunger．Far too many Americans don’t know where their next meal is coming from, or have access to fresh produce in their neighborhood．
·Reforming factory farms to protect animals and the environment．Farming of animals can and should be done without cruelty, and without degrading the quality of life．
·Curbing junk-food marketing to kids．Food companies should not be targeting children with foods that promote tooth decay, obesity and other health problems．
小题1:What is the best title of the text?
| A．Food Day Campaign | B．Eat Real and Keep fit |
| C．How to Observe Food Day | D．Food Problems in the USA |
| A．Food problems are not easy to deal with． |
| B．Food Day events should be held in public places． |
| C．Kindergarten kids are unable to identify vegetables． |
| D．People are invited to create their own Food Day events． |
| A．target children with junk food | B．operate more agribusiness |
| C．increase access to food | D．cancel a series of events |
| A．controlling | B．enlarging | C．evaluating | D．providing |
| A．Food Day will not help preserve natural resources． |
| B．Food Day can be an opportunity to solve food problems． |
| C．Food Day has so far achieved all the central goals． |
| D．there are different ideas and views about Food Day． |
Maybe your mum or dad has told you, "Turn that down before you go deaf!" Well, they are quite right. Loud noise might cause hearing loss for a short time or even forever. Think that earphones are a good way to escape from your parents’ eyes? Well. It may not be as good a way as you expect. American doctors have studied a group of 44,000 people who used earphones more than 15 hours per week. The doctors found that 37,000 of them were getting hearing problems.
If you use earphones for too long a time, your ears might feel painful. You could also lose your hearing for the rest of your life.
So don’t wear your earphones too long. Use them less than one hour a day.
Want sharp hearing? Don’t forget to do the following:
Try to stay away from places where there is too much noise, like a disco. If you have to go, wear earplugs.
When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in.
Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out.
Keep these things in mind! Then you won"t be saying "WHAT???" when you are older.
小题1:Which is the topic paragraph of the article?
| A．Paragraph One. | B．Paragraph Two |
| C．Paragraph Five. | D．The last Paragraph |
| A．your parents know what you"re doing |
| B．it can cause hearing problems |
| C．it makes your parents angry |
| D．most of you use them improperly |
| A．have your ears specially trained |
B．often we ar earplugs and clean out the earwax |
| C．take good care of your ears |
| D．choose what you listen to carefully |
| A．has become impatient | B．speaks in a loud voice |
| C．is slow in understanding | D．asks for a lot of repetition |
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