题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

The research tracked the health of 101,000 US nurses over three decades.
Light-to-moderate smokers were twice as likely to die of sudden heart problems as those who had never smoked.
But those who quit smoking saw their risk begin to go back down within years, a journal of the American Heart Association reports.
_________
During the study, there were 315 sudden cardiac deaths（心脏性猝死）——where the heart unexpectedly stops working.
In people aged 35 or younger, this usually because of a heart condition that runs in the family.
But in people who are older than this—as most of the nurses in the study were —it can be the first sign of coronary heart disease, where the heart’s arteries become blocked by fatty deposits.
Of the 315 sudden deaths in the study, 75 were among current smokers, 148 were among recent or past smokers and 128 occurred in people who had never smoked.
Reason to quit
After taking into account other heart risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and family history of heart disease, Dr Roopinder Sandhu and his colleagues found the women who smoked were twice as likely as likely to die suddenly even if they smoked “light-to-moderate” amounts —between one and 14 cigarettes a day.
For every five years of continued smoking, the risk went up by 8%.
But women who quit saw their risk fall to that of someone who had never smoked, after 20 years of cessation.
Dr Sandhu, of the University of Alberta, Canad, said: “What this study really tells women is how important it is to stop smoking. The benefits in terms of sudden cardiac death reduction are there for all women, not just those with established heart disease.”
“It can be difficult to quit. It needs to be a long-term goal. It’s not always easily achievable and it may take more than one attempt.”
Ellen Mason, senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said: “This study shows that smoking just a couple of cigarettes a day could still seriously affect your future health.”
“As we approach the new year, many of us will be making resolutions and giving up smoking will be the top of the list for lots of people.”
“If you’re thinking of quitting and need a nudge, this research adds to the wealth of evidence that stopping smoking is the single best thing you can do for your heart health.”
A recent study in The Lancet of 1.2million Women found those who gave up smoking by the age of 30 would almost completely avoid the risk of dying early from tobacco-related diseases.
Latest figures suggest a fifth of women in England smoke.
小题1:According to the research, light smokers____________.

A．are not likely to suffer from heart problems

B．are more likely to suffer from heart problems than moderate ones

C．can go on smoking only if they don’t smoke much

D．have a high possibility of dying of heart disease

小题2:Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Nonsmokers wouldn’t die of sudden cardiac death

B．Most of the nurses concerned in the research were middle aged.

C．All age groups of people were involved in the research.

D．If the smokers had quit smoking, they wouldn’t have died of heart disease.

小题3:Which of the following is best suitable for the blank in the passage?

A．Raised risk	B．Ways of quitting smoking
C．Diseases related to smoking	D．Signs of heart disease

小题4:The underlined word “nudge” in the passage probably means “____________”

A．push

B．confidence

C．study

D．comparison

答案

小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:A

解析

试题分析：研究表明，烟瘾比较小的妇女，如一天只吸一根烟的人，也会增加她们患突发性心脏病的几率，作者建议最好的办法是戒烟。
小题1:细节题：从第二段的句子：Light-to-moderate smokers were twice as likely to die of sudden heart problems as those who had never smoked.可知烟抽的少的人比抽的多的人更有可能死于心脏病。选D
小题2:推理题：从第七段的句子：But in people who are older than this—as most of the nurses in the study were —it can be the first sign of coronary heart disease,可知推理出受测试的护士都是中年的，选B
小题3:段落大意题：下文的内容：During the study, there were 315 sudden cardiac deaths（心脏性猝死）——where the heart unexpectedly stops working.可知这部分讲的是：上升的危险，选A
小题4:猜词题：从后面的句子：this research adds to the wealth of evidence that stopping smoking is the single best thing you can do for your heart health.”可知这个调查增加了证据戒烟是为健康做的最好的事情，这也是戒烟的推动力，“nudge”=push，选A