cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside
for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you"re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. I you must leave them
outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and
plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig
into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them
with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet"s water. Sometimes owners don"t realize that a
water bowl has frozen and their pet can"t get anything to drink. Animals that don"t have clean and
unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
B. They are used to living outdoors.
C. They build their won shelter.
D. They like to stay in warm places.
B. To keep them from eating bad food.
C. To help them find shelters.
D. To keep them company.
B. dig deep holes for fun
C. dirty the snow nearby
D. get lost in the wild
B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story.
D. To present a research result.
strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, "Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or
from the side?" You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let"s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the
same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度)
to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail
half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45 ° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch
the wind, but it shouldn"t flap (摆动). It shouldn"t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out
too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want
to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can"t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction
and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside
the boat.
B. Wave levels.
C. Wind directions.
D. Size of sails.
B. The wind.
C. The sail.
D. The angle.
B. Allow the sail to flap.
C. Lower the sail.
D. Tack the boat.
B. In a tourist guidebook.
C. In a physics textbook.
D. In an official report.
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation
born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down
because "everyone"s winter." And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before.
As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overpraised generation."
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out
two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here"s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic - you"re a born artist, point guard,
or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it"s sure to succeed without much effort and regards
failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it"s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from
future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and
learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn"t on the line as much, the growth mind-set
sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it"s quick to rethink, change and
try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn"t be able to live in the world.) But
parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and
misdirecting praise. Dweck"s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional
program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make
sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
B. They are often misunderstood.
C. They are eager to win in sports.
D. They are given too much praise.
B. cares a lot about personal safety
C. cannot share his ideas with others
D. can succeed with the help of teachers
B. Talent comes with one"s birth.
C. Scores should be highly valued.
D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.
B. Prevent them from making mistakes.
C. Guide them in doing little things.
D. Help them grow with praise.
have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online
through a new $60 million program, known as edX. "Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses," Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the
plan.
MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more
than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the
school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who
complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a
similar program.
The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course.
She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source
edX platform.
"Fasten your seatbelts," Hockfield said.
Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with
teaching to a global population online.
The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit (非盈利的) organization based in
Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30
million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and
which teaching methods and tools are most successful.
B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard
C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses
D. a free program online for universities worldwide
B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.
C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.
D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.
B. Get ready for this educational change
C. Get prepared to complete the online courses
D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses
B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.
C. It is a standard to recognize online learners" achievement.
D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.
We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be 1 to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are 2 wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully (欺负) others, nor
should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.
Rules can help the public make the right 3 , and remain safe. Car divers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them
the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent 4 .
If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be 5 for them to form what is sometimes
called a "black and white" view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is 6 acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into 7 .
Sometimes it may not be so easy to know 8 what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is 9 to eat animals, but other argue that they can eat meat and 10 be kind to animals; some insist that
stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so 11 when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is 12 .
Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to 13 others. However, some people
argue that rules may be 14 , having observed that rules change all the time, and that some schools have some
regulations and others have different ones -- so who is to 15 what is right ?
| ( )1. A. kind ( )2. A. equally ( )3. A. suggestions ( )4. A. accidents ( )5. A. interesting ( )6. A. seldom ( )7. A. trouble ( )8. A. roughly ( )9. A. awful ( )10.A. still ( )11.A. nervous ( )12.A. begging ( )13.A. follow ( )14.A. disgusting ( )15.A. predict | B.sensitive B. slightly B. conclusions B mistakes B. vital B. rarely B. power B. eventually B. cruel B. even B. anxious B. staving B. instruct B. confusing B. explain | C. fair C. clearly C. turns C. falls C. easy C. merely C. prison C. deliberately C. unhealthy C. later C. afraid C. growing C. treat C. unsafe C. decide | D. generous D. increasingly D. choices D. deaths D. valuable D. never D. control D. exactly D. unnecessary D. somehow D. guilty D. wandering D. protect D. unimportant D. consider |
| 阅读理解。 | |||
Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television | |||
| 1. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons . | |||
| A. result in more sport event B. get more viewers to play sports C. make more people interested in television D. bring more money to the television networks | |||
| 2. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs? | |||
| A. Because there would be few viewers B. Because the advertisers would be off work C. Because television programs would go slowly D. Because viewers would pay less for watching television | |||
| 3. In many families, men make decision on . | |||
| A. holiday B. sports viewing C. television shopping D. expensive purchases | |||
| 4. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because . | |||
A. their advertisers are carmakers | |||
| 5. What is the passage mainly about? | |||
| A. Television viewers are determined by male viewers B. Rich viewers contribute most to television companies C. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television D. Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport event |