题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __ _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the lost by destroying an old one．
So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our , offices and other buildings．"You can"t deal with climate without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．
With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that over time and let in more outside .
,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from ones like Lincoln"s Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help property owners from rising power .
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:D
小题6:A
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:A
小题11:B
小题12:C
小题13:A
小题14:B
小题15:B
解析
试题分析：
本文试图说明，全部拆除老旧房屋代之以新的节能型房屋是不划算的，因为新型房屋所减少的排放需要几十年才能补偿拆除旧房屋所损失的资源。对于老旧房屋做一些简单的改变，既能拯救地球，也可让房主免受资源成本攀升之累。
小题1:下文提到：那些老旧房屋建造时投入了大量的能源和资源，新型绿色房屋减少的排放量平均需要65年才能补偿拆除老旧房屋损失的资源。所以全部拆除老旧房屋是一种“浪费”。故B项正确。
小题2:拆除老旧房屋，“代之以”相对绿色的房屋。replace A with B: 用B替代A. 故C项正确。
小题3:新型节能型房屋应该能够“减少”碳排放。故答案为A。
小题4:“新型”节能型房屋，与“老旧”房屋相对。故C项正确。
小题5:文章第二段提到：建造那些老旧房屋投入了大量的energy和resources。而绿色房屋所减少的排放量平均需要65年才能抵充拆除老旧房屋损失的“资源”，包括建筑材料(materials)等有形资源，也包括投入的劳动等无形资源。故答案为D。
小题6:“几乎”一半的碳排放来自家居等处的取暖、制冷以及用电。mostly: in most cases. 多数情况下。用以修饰动词。nearly: 接近、差不多。程度副词，修饰形容词或副词。故A项正确。
小题7:第二段提到“新型节能型home”；常理也告诉我们，居家是人们待的时间最长的处所。学校、图书馆、商店等以”other buildings”概括。故C项最佳。
小题8:不处理现有建筑带来的问题就不能处理气候“变化”问题。故D项正确。improvement: 改善、改良。appearance: 外貌、样貌；出现。stability: 稳定性。不合题意。“改善气候”是需要我们去完成的任务，不是一个需要处理的“问题”。“气候稳定”更不是“问题”。
小题9:下文提到，39年之前建造的房屋比2000年后建造的房屋每平方英尺要多耗费50%能源。这是由于老旧房屋缝隙扩大，需要更多能源来保暖或制冷。所以，年代越是久远的房屋，能源使用效率越低。 最老旧的房子当然是能源利用效率最低的。故D项正确。least efficient: 效率最低。
小题10:老旧房屋时间久远，故而缝隙“扩大”。expand: 扩大、扩张。A项正确。
小题11:缝隙扩大，密封程度差，外面的“空气”就会进来。故答案为B.
小题12:拆除浪费；不拆也浪费。“幸运的是”，有许多相对简单的改造方法可以使老旧房屋绿化。A. 相反。B. 不幸的是。C. 幸运的是。D. 坦率讲。故C项正确。
小题13:Lincoln’s cottage (林肯的小屋)提示此处选择historic（有历史意义的）。故答案为A。
小题14:对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受成本不断攀升之累。protect sb. from sth. 使某人免受……之苦。charge: 收取（费用）；punish: 惩罚；warn: 警告。均不合题意。B项正确。
小题15:对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受“成本”不断攀升之累。cost指必须付出的代价；price指价格。“价格”上升，并不必然意为着“成本”上升，这要根据“收入与支出比”来确定。故B项正确。
核心考点
试题【When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of moder】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Marina, 27 years old, says, "I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn"t consider her my best friend. Best friends don"t pay for your wedding. Best friends don"t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don"t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn"t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can"t be very close and satisfying.
While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.
Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren"t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother"s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don"t care deeply about their mothers. It"s just that they shouldn"t be burdened with their mother"s well being.
The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mother always "trumps" friend.
小题1:The underlined word “preclude” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_________”.
| A．differ | B．prevent | C．benefit | D．change |
| A．Because they have a lot in common. |
| B．Because they have common family values. |
| C．Because they have no generation gap. |
| D．Because they keep a constant relationship. |
| A．The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. |
| B．A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. |
| C．The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship. |
| D．Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. |
| A．listing data | B．giving explanations | C．quoting sayings | D．making examples |
| A．How to be a good mother and daughter |
| B．Who is a mother’s best friend? |
| C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| D．Can a mother be a daughter’s best friend? |
Professor Stephen Porter. director of the Centre for the Advancement of Psychological Science and Law at University of British Columbia Canada along with colleagues Dr. Leanne Brinke and Alysha Baker used a standard questionnaire to measure the EI of 116 participants.
These participants were then asked to view 20 videos from around the world of people pleading （祈求） for the safe return of a missing family member. In half the videos the person making the plea was responsible for the missing person"s disappearance or murder.
The participants were asked to judge whether the pleas were honest or deceptive say how much confidence they had in their judgments, report the clues (线索) they had used to make those judgments and rate their emotional response to each plea.
Professor Porter found that higher EI was associated with overconfidence in assessing the sincerity of the pleas and sympathetic feelings towards people in the videos who turned out to be responsible for the disappearance.
Although EI, in general, was not associated with being better or worse at telling the difference between truths and lies. people with a higher ability to notice and express emotion (a component of EI) were not so good at spotting when people were telling lies.
Professor Porter says: "Taken together, these findings suggest findings features of emotional intelligence and the decision-making processes they lead to may nave the paradoxical (适得其反的) effect of weakening people"s ability to detect deception."
"These findings are important because El is a well-accepted concept and is used in a variety of fields, including the workplace"
小题1:Which of the following is true about the study and its findings?
| A．EI has something to do with telling truths and 1ies. |
| B．The participants were asked to identify liars on the spot. |
| C．The participants had to tell reasons for their judgments. |
| D．Those confident participants all made wrong judgments. |
| A．were actually less confident |
| B．were easy to be cheated for their kindness |
| C．had sympathy for the missing people |
| D．were good at spotting deception |
| A．Features of EI | B．People with high Ef | C．The findings | D．The researchers |
| A．indicate that people with high EI are mostly adults |
| B．indicate that EI is very important in the workplace |
| C．warn employers not to trust employees with high EI |
| D．warn people with high EI of deception in the workplace |
| A．How to detect deception in our daily life. |
| B．The disadvantages of high emotional intelligence. |
| C．The relationship between one"s El and recognition. |
| D．Emotionally intelligent people are less good at spotting liars. |
If people only wore clothes for warmth and to cover their bodies, most clothes would be simple and cheap. In most Western countries, however, clothes are sometimes very expensive. The main reason for this is not the cost of the cloth or the cost of making the clothes. The clothes are expensive because of fashion.
Successful businessmen, for example, often wear very expensive suits, shirts and ties. Sometimes they pay thousands of dollars for a suit and hundreds of dollars for a tie. It’s just a suit and a tie but they pay these prices because of the famous name of the designer. A suit costing much less would be just as warm and would cover the wearer"s body just as well.
Fashion is always changing, which means those who want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months, even if last month"s clothes have only been worn once or twice. Some people have wardrobes full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion. Being fashionable, therefore, can be a very expensive pastime!
小题1: What do people basically wear clothes for?
| A．Looking attractive to others. | B．Following the fashion. |
| C．Appearing successful to others. | D．Keeping warm and covering bodies. |
| A．one has to buy new clothes | B．these clothes are in fashion |
| C．the cost of the cloth is high | D．making clothes costs much |
| A．expensive clothes are not any warmer than cheap ones |
| B．fashion is not always changing |
| C．expensive clothes are warmer |
| D．fashion designers like expensive clothes |
| A．Fashionable clothes shops. | B．The clothes that some people have. |
| C．Cupboards for storing clothes. | D．Shelves used for keeping books. |
| A．Suits and ties. | B．Clothes and fashion. |
| C．Beauty and success. | D．Cost and pastime. |
Always notice the environment around you．You shouldn’t walk alone outside．Make sure where the public phones are．If anything dangerous happens，you can find them easily．
Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting it on your back．When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back．
If you are followed by someone whom you don’t know, cross the street and go to the other way，let the person understand that you know he or she is after you．Next，don’t go home at once．You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift(电梯)．
If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves．This stops other people from studying you．On the bus，don’t sit alone．Sit behind the driver or with other people．Don’t sleep．
小题1:Which of the following is NOT safe when you are out?
| A．Go home alone late at night． |
| B．Make sure where the public phones are． |
| C．Don’t get to the bus stop too early． |
| D．Always notice the environment around you． |
| A．run home |
| B．find a lift and go in |
| C．turn back and walk towards him or her at once |
| D．cross the street and go to the other way |
| A．How to notice the environment around you. |
| B．How to be safe in your everyday life. |
| C．How to cross the street. |
| D．How to use the public phones. |
While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.
But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.
In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）. Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.
So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.
Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.
As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.
小题1:The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________.
| A．provide some key facts about Confucius |
| B．attract the readers’ interest in the subject |
| C．show great respect for the ancient thinker |
| D．prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations |
| A．have a great interest in studying Chinese |
| B．take an active part in Chinese competitions |
| C．try to get high scores in Chinese exams |
| D．fight for a chance to learn Chinese |
| A．Forgotten Wisdom in America |
| B．Huge Fans of the Chinese Language |
| C．Chinese Culture for Westerners |
| D．Old Thinker with a Big Future |
| A．a biography | B．a history paper |
| C．a newspaper | D．a philosophy textbook |
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