题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
For four centuries, historians have guessed why Elizabeth never married.In her own day, her decision to remain single was considered absurd and dangerous.A queen needed a husband to make political decisions for her and to organise and lead her military campaigns.More important, she needed male heirs to avoid a civil war after her death.
There was no shortage of suitors for the Queen, both English courtiers (朝臣) and foreign princes, and it was confidently expected for the best part of 30 years that Elizabeth would eventually marry one of them.Indeed, although she insisted that she preferred the single state, she kept these suitors in a state of permanent expectation.This was a deliberate policy on the Queen"s part, since by keeping foreign princes in hope, sometimes for a decade, she kept them friendly when they might otherwise have made war on her kingdom.
There were, indeed, good political reasons for her avoiding marriage.The disastrous union of her sister Mary I to Philip II of Spain had had an unwelcome foreign influence upon English politics.The English were generally prejudiced against the Queen taking a foreign husband, particularly a Catholic one.Yet if she married an English, jealousy might lead to the separation of the court.
There were other, deeper reasons for Elizabeth"s unwillingness to marry, chief of which, I believe, was her fear of losing her autonomy as Queen. In the 16th century, a queen was regarded as holding supreme dominion(统治权)over the state, while a husband was thought to hold supreme dominion over his wife.Elizabeth knew that marriage and motherhood would bring some harm to her power.
She once pointed out that marriage seemed too uncertain a state for her. She had seen several unions in her immediate family break down, including that of her own parents.
Some writers, based on very fragile evidence, have argued that Elizabeth was frightened or incapable of the sex act, but it is more likely that she feared childbirth. Two of her stepmothers, her grandmother and several acquaintances had died in childbed.
Elizabeth"s father, Henry VIII, had had her mother, Anne Boleyn, killed; her stepmother Catherine Howard later suffered the same fate. When Elizabeth was 14 she was all but attracted by Admiral Thomas Seymour, who also went to the prison within a year. Witnessing these terrible events at an early age, it has been argued, may have put Elizabeth off marriage.
Elizabeth had to decide her priorities. Marriage or being single? Elizabeth was far too intelligent.The choice she made was courageous and revolutionary, and, in the long run, the right one for England.
小题1:To the suitors including English courtiers and foreign princes,Elizabeth ________.
A.held back the truth |
B.gave a definite answer “no” |
C.kept them expecting deliberately |
D.said she preferred the single state |
A.prejudice against her |
B.separation of the court |
C.jealousy among English courtiers |
D.a negative impact on English politics |
A.Queen Elizabeth was not a Catholic. |
B.Some foreign princes made war on Britain. |
C.Catherine Howard was killed by Anne Boleyn. |
D.Admiral Thomas Seymour was killed by Henry VIII. |
A.Pitiful. | B.Approving. |
C.Negative. | D.Neutral. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
文章大意:伊丽莎白一世八岁时发誓终身不嫁,她竟然做到了。这是为什么呢?看本文的分析。
小题1:C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“This was a deliberate policy on the Queen"s part, since by keeping foreign princes in hope, sometimes for a decade, she kept them friendly when they might otherwise have made war on her kingdom.”可知。
小题2:D 推理判断题。由第四、五和六段可知,如果她结婚可能对英国政治产生负面影响。
小题3:A 推理判断题。由第四段第三句话“The English were generally prejudiced against the Queen taking a foreign husband, particularly a Catholic one.”可推知,the Queen找了一位外国夫君遭到人们发对,尤其是该人还是天主教徒,所以the Queen应该不是天主教徒。
小题4:B 推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句话“Elizabeth was far too intelligent.The choice she made was courageous and revolutionary, and, in the long run, the right one for England.”可知,作者认为伊丽莎白一世没有结婚是明智的选择。
核心考点
试题【“I will never marry,” the future Elizabeth I declared at the age of eight, and, 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
It"s all not so ___ about being a teenager though. We don"t have to have our ____ take us to somewhere we want to go or we couldn"t go before. We can have ____ with friends or even alone, which we couldn"t have because we were too ___ to know what pleasure is! It"s a very enjoyable time of life. During this age, we are old enough to ____ what is good for us, and make decisions without ____ others.
But like the saying goes, “All good things must come to an end, but all bad things can continue ___.” During this period, we are having much ____ for our studies. If we don"t pass, we won"t get jobs, and things will take a turn for the ____. With the present world economy in ___, we have to do really, really well in our ____ for a job. Adults say that their ____ is the hardest part of life. But I think the transition from a kid to an adult is much ____ than being already an adult. What we do in our teenage years will ____ what we become and how we lead our life in the future.
In conclusion, it is quite ____ that parents put much pressure on an already stressed out teenager. If they realized that, living condition for teenagers would be much better. ____ for the teens ourselves we should get to know what is best for us. What"s more, we should understand the right ____ of life we choose at this age can make us happy for the rest of our existence.
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“Another bad day at school?” my father asked as I came into the room.
“How could you tell? I didn"t shut the door heavily or anything,” I replied. Over the past two months I had either done this or thrown my backpack across the room every time I came home from school. Papa thinks it has something to do with moving to a new house.
“I know this move has been hard on you. Leaving your friends and cousins behind is tough,” Papa said, as he put his arm around my shoulder. “What you must remember is that, with a lot of hard work and some time, you will make new friends.”
“You don"t know how hard it is. This year my baseball team would have won the championship. They won"t even give me a chance to pitch (投球) here. All I get to play is right field, and that"s the worst!”
Papa turned toward me. “Things will get better, I promise you. Let me ask you, do you know why you were named David Lorenzo?”
“Yes, your name is David and grandfather"s name is Lorenzo.”
“Very good, and what makes your grandfather so important?”
“He was the first in the family to come to this country and all that,” I answered.
“That is only partly correct. Your grandfather was a very great man. In Mexico, he had been a teacher. When he came to America he could only get lowpaid labor jobs because he didn"t speak the language. It took him two years before he spoke English well enough to be allowed to teach here, but he did it. He never complained because he knew change could be difficult. Did he ever tell you that?” my father asked.
I looked down at my feet, ashamed at my behavior. “No. That must have been hard,” I said sheepishly.
“Your grandfather taught me that if you let people see your talent, they will accept you for who you are. I want you to always remember what my father taught me, even if it takes a few years for people to see who you are,” said Papa.
All I could say was, “Okay.” Then I asked, “What should I do now?”
Laughing, Papa said, “How about you pitch a few to me? You need some work.”
小题1:Why was the author unhappy that day?
A.Because he moved to a new country. |
B.Because his baseball team lost the game. |
C.Because he wasn"t offered a chance to pitch. |
D.Because he quarreled with his friends at school. |
A.asking him to train harder |
B.playing baseball with him |
C.telling his grandfather"s story |
D.introducing him some new friends |
A.shyly | B.patiently |
C.clumsily | D.cautiously |
A.He thinks his father lives in the past. |
B.He"d rather live with his grandfather. |
C.He will continue to dislike school and everything. |
D.He will try his best to adapt to the new environment. |
According to The New York Times, over the past 15 years, Glafira Rosales fooled two local commercial art galleries into buying 63 false works of art for more than $30 million.She passed off fake paintings as works by 20th century modernist masters such as American artists Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock.But in fact, these so called “newly discovered works” were all produced by a single man, a Chinese immigrant named Qian Peishen.
The art world was shocked by Rosales" deception.But to the public, it was amusing and most satisfying to see wealthy people get tricked.
So what decides the value of a piece of art? Is it beauty? Is it the artist"s talent and craftsmanship? Or is it just because the artist is famous?
We should take beauty out. If the buyers were buying paintings only for their beauty, they"ll be content displaying good fakes on their walls. They wouldn"t be so upset when a forgery is exposed.
The art market claims that great artists are inimitable, and that this inimitability justifies the absurd price of their works. We can"t deny that most famous artists are good at what they do, but forgers like Qian show that their works are imitable.Otherwise, the difference between the original and the copycats would be obvious and Rosales would not be able to fool anyone.
According to an article in the Economist, expensive paintings are what economists call positional goods. They are valuable because other people can"t have them. With other goods, a higher price reduces demand.But art turns down the laws of economics. “When the goods that is really being purchased is evidence that the buyer has paid a lot, price increases cause demand to boom,” explained the article.
That"s why scarcity and authenticity are so important in the art market. Artists sometimes forget this.Demien Hirst, the British pop artist, is famous for his spot paintings. But they dropped in value when it became clear that they had been produced in quantities so vast that nobody knew how many were out there.The art market lost faith in these paintings because no one could be sure which of them were authentic and which were fake.
小题1:The first paragraph is meant to tell the readers that ________.
A.movies and literature will be popular with art involved in them |
B.art crimes are as interesting and exciting in reality as in movies |
C.Gambit is a good movie with art forgery as the major theme |
D.real art crime in reality can be adapted into popular films |
A.The public. |
B.Glafira Rosales. |
C.Qian Peishen. |
D.Mark Rothlo and Jackson Pollock. |
A.Those who buy only for its beauty. |
B.Those who buy for its inimitability. |
C.Those who "buy for its authenticity. |
D.Those who buy for its scarcity. |
A.They are valuable goods. |
B.High prices reduce the demand of art goods. |
C.High prices increase the demand of art goods. |
D.They are produced in quantities to satisfy people. |
Sian Beilock: “They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry,it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.”
Professor Beilock and another researcher,Gerardo Ramirez,have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam,highly anxious testtakers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
Sian Beilock: “What we think happens is when students put it down on paper,they think about the worst that could happen and they reappraise the situation. They might realize it"s not as bad as they might think it was before and,in essence(本质上),it prevents these thoughts from popping up when they"re actually taking a test.”
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.
Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.
Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+,compared to a B- for those who did not.
Sian Beilock: “What we showed is that for students who are highly testanxious,who"d done our writing intervention(排解),all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who don"t normally get nervous in these testing situations.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The result in the math test agrees with that in the biology test. |
B.In the first math test, students who sat quietly performed better. |
C.In the second math test, students who wrote about their feelings did worse. |
D.Some college students are highly anxious testtakers while others are not in the tests. |
A.Test anxiety is sure to cause students to fail the test. |
B.Test anxiety can improve students" performance to some degree. |
C.Students" attention and memory resources run out when worried. |
D.Students may not be admitted into their favorite college if worried. |
A.proper amount of burden may turn out to be a good thing |
B.facing the fears bravely may help one to achieve more |
C.avoiding facing the problem may contribute to relaxation |
D.taking no action before difficulty may result in success |
A.It is important for students to overcome test anxiety. |
B.Anxious students overcome test anxiety by writing down fears. |
C.It is a common practice for students being worried before a test. |
D.Being worried before tests does harm to students" performance. |
Bali(巴厘岛) is home to most of Indonesia"s Hindu minority. Here"s how to get the most out of a 48hour visit:
FRIDAY
3pm—There"s nothing like a good meal. La Lucciola is the place to go, with its good food, great service and a beautiful view of the sea.
You can hire a car for some 450,000 rupiah per day. This will help you have more to spare during your trip there.
5pm—About an hour away from La Lucciola is Uluwatu. This southern tip of the island is famous for its temple that lies on the edge, high above the sea. Fire dance is performed here daily at sunset.
8pm—To finish off the evening, head to Jimbaran Bay where restaurants offer candles, dances, boys singing songs. Kick off your shoes, feel the sand, and enjoy the night.
SATURDAY
9:30am—Start the day with another taste of culture by heading for a “barong and keris” dance performance. It"s held in many places. One is the Catur Eka Budi in Denpasar, capital of Bali.
12pm—About 50km from Denpasar is Kintamani, a favorite with tourists for the view of active volcano Mt. Batur. It"s a good idea to reach Kintamani early as it gets cloudy after 3pm. Have lunch at a local restaurant with a view of Mt. Batur. Tourists can climb to Mt. Batur to catch the sunrise.
6:30pm—Spa(温泉疗养)time! Spa Hati is a good place. Book ahead.
SUNDAY
6am—It"s time to go to the sea. Don"t forget the camera.
10:30am—Another halfday trip to two of the most famous temples in Bali. Drive down to the Taman Ayun temple at Mengwi.
12am—Next up is the Tanah Lot temple, perhaps the most famous of them all. Built on a rock, it"s best seen in the afternoon when it"s against the sun or at sunset.
小题1:How can you save time during your trip in La Lucciola according to the text?
A.Having a pair of good shoes. |
B.Preparing early and well. |
C.Joining a tour group. |
D.Hiring a car. |
A.In La Lucciola. | B.In Uluwatu. |
C.At Mengwi. | D.In Denpasar. |
A.5 am. | B.4 pm. | C.11 am. | D.9 pm. |
A.Joining in a “ barong and keris” dance. |
B.Visiting the Tanah Lot temple. |
C.Having a spa in Spa Hati. |
D.Having lunch in Kintamani. |
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