题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
and then sprinkled (撒) sooty(煤炭的) dust over it. When they put a small piece of paper over
the stone and rubbed the paper, the sooty lines were reproduced on it. Some of these first printed
papers have been preserved; the oldest ones known to exist are more than one thousand years old.
Printing with carved stone blocks was the only kind of printing known for centuries. Then, about
eight hundred years ago, a Chinese printer, Bi Sheng, had a clever idea. Instea
d of carving a wholemessage on a single big block of wood or stone, he formed separate Chinese words or characters
out of bits of clay(粘土). By putting the clay pieces together in rows in a box, he could print just as
before. But when he finished, he could keep all the separate pieces of clay and use them again.
Bi Sheng"s movable type was a great step forward, but his method was not generally adopted.
Movable type did not come into use in Europe until it was invented there centuries later. The
Europeans had been totally ignorant of the printing traditions of the Chinese.
B. more than 1000 years
C. more than 2000 years
D. 500 years
B. messages
C. individual words or characters
D. small statues
B. broken
C. reusable
D. disposable
zed stone carving was inadequate (不够的)B. had learned about it from the Chinese
C. had copied Chinese printing
D. had invented it themselves
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 The Chinese were the real inventor of printing. Centuries ago they car】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
mainly on the Sea Islands and coastal areas of South Carolina, Georgia and Floride, the Gullah people,
an African-American group, have a rich culture including their own language. It is a Creole language
created by slaves who came to the US from the West Africa in the 1800s. It combines West African
languages with English.
For many years efforts have been made to save the Gullah language. One project began in 1979.
Its goal was to translate the New Testament part of the Bible into Gullah. Experts say that it was a
difficult process because Gullah is not a written language. It is a spoken language only.
A team of Gullah speakers began working on the translation to make the Bible easier to understand
for those who spoke Gullah as their main language. The Gullah version is called De Nyew Testament.
It is written in English on one side of the page, and next to it, there is a Gullah translation. De Nyew
Testament was published by the American Bible Society. The project also received help from the
Summer Institute of Linguistics, Wycliffe Bible Translators, the United Bible Societies and the Penn
Centre
Experts believe that the translated Bible is a major step towards saving the Gullah language and
traditions. "This is more than a Bible translation," says Robert Hodgson, at the American Bible Society.
"De Nyew Testament raises the Gullah language and culture to a new level." Ardell Greene is a member
of the translation team. She calls the book "a treasure". She says that the Gullah version of the Bible will
be read in churches and will help young people keep the Gullah language alive.
B. something difficult to understand
C. a spoken form of the Gullah language
D. the effort to save the Gullah language
B. Gullah is influenced by both English and West African languages.
C. De Nyew Testament is a complete Bible translation.
D. Ardell Greene thinks highly of De Nyew Testament.
B. Different versions of the Bible.
C. The history of the Gullah people.
D. The culture of the Gullah people.
18th century and became fully developed and recognized by the mid-19th century. The form was
extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as one of the cultural
treasures of China. Major performance troupes (剧团,戏班子) are based in Beijing and Tianjin in
the north,and Shanghai in the south. The art form is also enjoyed in Taiwan,and has spread to other
countries such as the United States and Japan.
Beijing opera features four main types of performers. Performing troupes often have several of
each variety,as well as numerous secondary and tertiary performers. With their elaborate (认真的,
精心的) and colorful costumes,performers are the only focal points on Beijing opera"s characteristically
small stage. They make use of the skills of speech,song,dance,and combat in movements that are
symbolic and suggestive,rather than realistic. Above all else,the skill of performers is evaluated
according to the beauty of their movements. Performers also hold a variety of stylistic conventions
that help audiences navigate the plot of the production. The layers of meaning within each movement
must be expressed in time with music. The music of Beijing opera can be divided into the Xipi and
Erhuang styles. Melodies include arias (唱腔),fixed-tune melodies,and percussion patterns. The
repertoire of Beijing opera includes over 1,400 works,which are based on Chinese history,folklore,
and,increasingly,contemporary life.
In recent years,Beijing opera has attempted numerous reforms in response to sagging audience
numbers. These reforms,which include improving performance quality,adapting new performance
elements,and performing new and original plays,have met with mixed success. Some Western works
have been adopted as new plays,but a lack of funding and an adverse political climate have left Beijing
opera"s fate uncertain as the form enters the 21st century.
B. More than two centuries.
C. More than one century.
D. About half a century.
B. Two including Beijing and Tianjin in the north.
C. Three including Beijing and Tianjin,and Shanghai in the south and Taiwan.
D. Five including Beijing and Tianjin,and Shanghai in the south,Taiwan,US and Japan.
B. Colourful.
C. Realistic.
D. Representative.
B. The standard to estimate a performer is the amount of his/her movements.
C. It"s necessary to keep movements along the music in time.
D. The content of Beijing Opera is plentiful but much fixed.
B. Certainly good.
C. Much uncertain.
D. More popular.
to be busy, moving around their homes, or hives. In fact, you might say your house was a beehive of
activity if your whole family was helping you clean. You also might say you made a beeline for
something if you went there right away.
Here is an expression about bees that is not used much any more, but we like it anyway. We think
it was first used in the nineteen twenties. If something was the best of its kind, you might say it was the
bee"s knees. Now, we admit that we do not know how this expression developed. In fact, we do not
even know if bees have knees!
If your friend cannot stop talking about something because she thinks it is important, you might say
she has a bee in her bonnet. If someone asks you a personal question, you might say "that is none of
your beeswax". This means none of your business.
Speaking of personal questions, there is an expression people sometimes use when their children
ask, "where do babies come from?" Parents who discuss sex and reproduction say this is talking about
the birds and the bees.
Hornets are beelike insects that sometimes attack people. If you are really angry, you might say you
are mad as a hornet.
Butterflies are beautiful insects, but you would not want to have butterflies in your stomach. That
means to be nervous about having to do something, like speaking in front of a crowd. You would also
not want to have ants in your pants. That is, to be restless and unable to sit still.
B. a hornet
C. a butterfly
D. a bee
B. That is none of your beeswax.
C. It"s the bee"s knees.
D. My house is a beehive of activity.
A. She should stop talking about something.
B. You care about her very much.
C. She is in danger and needs help.
D. What she talks about is really important
B. Some expressions about noses.
C. Some expressions about bugs.
D. Some expressions about colours.
coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount
of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological,
and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or
quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is
one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to
cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their
lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can
greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents" and coaches" criticisms to heart
and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become
work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of
learning the sport and other life lessons. In today"s youth sport setting, young athletes may be
worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game,
many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters" performances.
Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that
positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism
can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
B. to make sports more challenging
C. to reduce their mental stress
D. to increase their sense of success(C)
B. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences(D)
B. in order to make them remember life"s lessons
C. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them(A)
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D. train children to cope with stress(B)
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout(B)
global recession(衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through
a pay cut.
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve
jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time
of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly
from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more
loyal and devo ted group.
"In the Confucian mindset(儒家思想), the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense
of collective responsibility. While in the West, it"s more about individual survival," said Michael Benoliel,
associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU).
In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off
workers by the thousands, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian
groups, job cuts will probably be less severe.
Japan"s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong
Kong"s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last
month from below 5 percent in January.
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap
will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best
practices of rivals(对手) from abroad.
B. scene
C. future
D. place
B. it costs the company less money to survive
C. it will keep the experienced and skilled workers
D. it can form a team working harder and more loyally
B. sharing responsibility
C. personal profits
D. individual survival
B. A small Japanese company.
C. A German branch of a Korean multinational.
D. A Hong Kong"s unit of a French company.
B. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present
C. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn
D. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global recession
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