题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors.
It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage（野人） is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but because it has won, it had been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might（权利） is right.
小题1:The author thinks that the conquerors and generals and soldiers ________.
| A．only appear glorious in history books |
| B．are greater than any other people |
| C．are not as great as described in history books |
| D．do not really help civilization forward |
| A．people respect them very much |
| B．they fought bravely to protect their cities |
| C．people think they fought too brutally（野蛮地） |
| D．they conquered many cities and countries |
| A．Positive. | B．Critical. | C．Ironic. | D．Respectful. |
| A．should not have any quarrels to settle |
| B．should not fight when there are no quarrels to settle |
| C．should settle their quarrels without fighting |
| D．should settle their quarrels by killing the other side |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
小题1:推理判断题，根据第一段可知，真正推动历史前进的人都没有被提到，所以提到的不是真正推动历史进步的人。
小题2:推理判断题，根据第二段People think a great deal of them可知，人们对他们评价很高，尊重他们
小题3:推理判断题，根据最后一段可知作者认为这些做法都是不文明的，所以作者的态度是批评性的。
小题4:事实细节题，根据最后一段and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won可知
核心考点
试题【Many of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books ar】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
What made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that was thought to have come from Hell（地狱）.What earned the plant its awful reputation was its roots which looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits. Tough the tomato and the mandrake were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population considered them one and the same, too terrible to touch.
Cautious Europeans long ignored the tomato, and until the early 1700s most of the Western people continued to drag their feet. In the 1880s, the daughter of a well-known plant expert wrote that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her father’s house had been the “introduction of this wonderful new fruit—or is it a vegetable?” As late as the twentieth century some writers still classed tomatoes with mandrakes as an “evil fruit”.
But in the end tomatoes carried the day. The hero of the tomato was an American named Robert Johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820, people journeyed for hundreds of miles to watch him drop dead. “What are you afraid of?” he shouted. “I’ll show you fools that these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he survived and, according to a local story, set up a tomato-canning factory.
小题1:The tomato was shut out of the door of early Europeans mainly because ______.
| A．it made Christians evil. |
| B．it was the apple of Eden |
| C．it came from a forbidden land |
| D．it was religiously unacceptable |
| A．The process of ignoring the tomato slowed down |
| B．There was little progress in the study of the tomato |
| C．The tomato was still refused in most western countries |
| D．Most western people continued to get rid of the tomato |
| A．To make himself a hero |
| B．To remove people’s fear of the tomato |
| C．To speed up the popularity of the tomato |
| D．To persuade people to buy products from his factory |
| A．To challenge people’s fixed concepts of the tomato |
| B．To give an explanation to people’s dislike of the tomato |
| C．To present the change of people’s attitudes to the tomato |
| D．To show the process of freeing the tomato from religious influence |
The document was discovered buried in the university archives (档案) by part-time history student Lis Smith, who is completing her PhD at St Andrews Institute of Scottish Historical Research. She said: “We knew that Sophia Jex-Blake and her supporters, in their effort to open up university medical education for women, had written to the Senatus Academicus (校评议委员会) at St Andrews in an attempt to gain permission to attend classes there, but we didn’t know documentary evidence existed. While searching the archives for information about the university’s higher certificate for women, I was astonished to come across what must be the very letter Jex-Blake wrote.”
In the letter, Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a medical school and to arrange for lectures to be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews. Although her letter was not successful, it eventually led to the establishment of the Ladies Literate in Arts at St Andrews, a distance-learning degree for women. The qualification, which ran from 1877 until the 1930s, gave women access to university education in the days before they were admitted as students. It was so popular that it survived long after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892.
Ms Jex-Blake went on to help establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874. She was accepted by the University of Berne, where she was awarded a medical degree in January 1877. Eventually, she moved back to Edinburgh and opened her own practice.
小题1:Sophia wrote a letter to St Andrews University because she wanted _______.
| A．to carry out a research project there |
| B．to set up a medical institute there |
| C．to study medicine there |
| D．to deliver lectures there |
| A．by pure chance |
| B．in the school office |
| C．with her supporters’ help |
| D．while reading history books |
| A．the London School of Medicine for Women |
| B．a degree programme for women |
| C．a system of medical education |
| D．the University of Berne |
| A．In 1873. |
| B．In 1874. |
| C．In 1877. |
| D．In 1892. |
Weak waves and ocean water movements made his arrival late, which was going to be in late May.
“When waves were weak, the boat slowed down. That’s a problem that needs to be solved,” the adventure told reporters from his boat in western Japan. His 9.5-meter-long boat can move like a dolphin’s tail, and it rises or falls with the waves.
Horie reached his destination in the channel between the main Japanese islands just before midnight after covering about 7,000 kilometers from Hawaii.
Horie first made world record in 1962 when, at the age of 23, he became the first person to sail alone across the Pacific. He made the three-month voyage from his hometown in spite of breaking Japanese law, which did not allow his citizens to sail on their own out of the country, and without a passport or money.
He was arrested upon arrival in San Francisco but the city mayor freed him, gave him a 30-day visa and made him an honorary citizen. News of his achievement made him a hero back home in Japan and his book of the voyage In the Pacific was made into a film. Since then, he has completed many sailing trips across the Pacific and around the world.
After his latest adventure with an environmentally friendly theme, Horie planned to return to his hometown on Sunday. He said, “Throughout history, mankind has used wind for power, but no one has appeared to be serious about wave power.” Horie told the reporter, “I think I’m a lucky boy as this wave power system has remained untouched in fact.”
小题1:Horie’s boat was mainly powered by ________.
| A．sea waves | B．sea winds | C．his strength | D．petrol |
| A．Horie undertook the voyage with a partner this time |
| B．it took Horie about twenty days more to cross the Pacific this time than in 1962 |
| C．Horie made his first voyage across the Pacific alone fifty years ago |
| D．Horie’s destination is 7,000 kilometers from San Francisco |
| A．he had broken Japanese law |
| B．he had kept it a secret from others |
| C．his action had put people in danger |
| D．he had no passport to America |
| A．He was made an honorary citizen of San Francisco. |
| B．In Japan he was regarded as a hero. |
| C．His voyage had the theme of protecting the environment. |
| D．He wrote an exciting book after the voyage. |
| A．start an ocean crossing movement |
| B．tell us a piece of interesting news |
| C．make Horie known to the world |
| D．encourage people to learn from Horie |
The new film, known at the moment only as Bond 23, will be the third to star Daniel Craig as the secretagent (特工). Other names in the cast include Albert Finney, Javier Bardem and Ralph Fiennes.
British film-maker Sam Mendes, who won an Oscar for American Beauty, will direct the latest adventure.
Ajay Chowdhury, from the James Bond International Fan Club, said, “Daniel Craig’s third time as 007 has been looked forward to by Bond fans around the world. The fans have been made to wait extra long for this film since the global economiccrisis (经济危机) delayed the film for some time.”
“Mendes has an unusual way of directing, and with the acting gift and the precedent (先例) set by the previous two films in which Craig played Bond, Skyfall promises a Bond film where the sky may not be the limit.”
It is reported that the film will send 007 to South Africa and India to hunt for a criminal (犯罪的) organization. Other reported locations for filming include Duntrune Castle, near Lochgilphead in Argyll, Scotland, which is believed to be the spy’s home.
The film is set to be released in the UK this October.
Craig’ s performance as Bond gave new life to the film series, leading to the highest ever 007 box office (票房) takings of ￡367 million for his role in Casino Royale in 2006. Quantum of Solace, the most recent film in the series released in 2008, made ￡353 million.
小题1:According to the text, who will play Bond in film Skyfall?
| A．Albert Finney. | B．Sean Connery. |
| C．Daniel Craig. | D．Sam Mendes. |
| A．Skyfall will be the last film of the 007 series. |
| B．Bond first appeared on the screen about 50 years ago. |
| C．Sam Mendes won an Oscar for American Beauty. |
| D．Skyfall will be shot in South Africa and India. |
| A．Skyfall will also be a Bond film. |
| B．Skyfall will be a great film. |
| C．Skyfall will be longer than the previous ones. |
| D．Skyfall will be set in the sky. |
| A．The film Skyfall will be released later than planned. |
| B．It is the first time that Daniel Craig has played Bond. |
| C．Daniel Craig receives little attention from movie fans. |
| D．Quantum of Solace has made the most money so far. |
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes ,was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of bunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different are as have different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
小题1:what does the author tell us in paragraph 1 ?
| A．how the Irish fought against the English. |
| B．how Ireland gained independence. |
| C．how English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. |
| D．how two ”Irelands” came into being. |
| A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population |
| B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside |
| C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker |
| D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments |
| A．the Irish character |
| B．Irish culture |
| C．Irish musical instruments |
| D．a famous Irish writer |
| A．Life in Ireland | B．A very difficult history |
| C．Ireland, past and present | D．the independence of Ireland |
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