题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with（设法处理） the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that"s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones（荷尔蒙）. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the eff
ects of stress on longevity(长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”小题1:The passage is mainly about ________.
| A．the benefits of manageable stress |
| B．how to avoid stressful situations |
| C．how to cope with stress effectively |
| D．the effects of stress hormones on memory |
_____.| A．cut down on |
| B．stay away from |
| C．run out of |
| D．put up with |
| A．people under stress tend to have a poor memory |
| B．people who can’t get their job done experience more stress |
| C．doing challenging work may be good for one’s health |
| D．stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs |
| A．a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body |
| B．stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain |
| C．short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function |
| D．a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress |
答案
解析
核心考点
试题【“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Mark liked talking. I had to 36 him that talking in class was not acceptable. 37 impressed me was that he responded with such sincerity. “Thank you for correcting me, Sister!” I didn’t know what to make of it at 38 , but soon I got used to 39 it many times a day.
One morning my 40 was growing thin when Mark talked once again. I said, “If you say one more word, I’ll tape your mouth 41 !”
It wasn’t ten seconds 42 when one boy shouted, “Mark is talking again.” I had to keep my 43 . I took out some tape from my desk and covered it 44 Mark’s mouth. Later as I walked back to remove the tape, his first words were “Thank you for correcting me, Sister.”
One afternoon, the students got noisy and started to call each other 45 .
I had to do 46 . I asked each student to prepare 34 small pieces of paper, saying they should write the name of a classmate on each piece and, under that, say something 47 about the person. Then I collected the slips of paper and gave them 48 later. Everyone smiled. Their classmates had 49 such nice things about them!
Nobody ever mentioned the paper again. I never knew if they discussed them after class, but it didn’t matter. The students were 50 with themselves.
Several years later, after I had returned 51 a vacation, my parents met me at the airport. On our way back, my father 52 his throat, as he usually did before saying something 53 .
“The Eklunds called yesterday,” he began. “Really?” I said. “I haven’t heard from them in years. I 54 how Mark is.” Dad responded quietly. “Mark was killed in Vietnam,” he said. “The funeral is tomorrow .”
At the funeral Mark’s father came up and took some slips of paper from his wallet to show me. I knew the slips were the ones on which Mark’s classmates had listed all the nice things about him.
“Thank you so much,” Mark’s mother said. “ 55 you can see, Mark treasured those pieces of paper.”
36.A. order B. remind C. mind D. suggest
37. A. Which B. That C. What D. How
38. A. first B. last C. once D. next
39. A. speaking B. taking C. talking D. hearing
40. A. patience B. strength C. energy D. power
41. A. close B. shut C. open D. opened
42. A. before B. after C. later D. that
43 A. rule B. words C. compromise D. word
44. A. through B. in C. across D. cross
45. A. name B. names C. curses D. swear
46. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
47. A. terrible B. nice C. kind D. mean
48. A. in B. up C. back D. away
49. A. asked B. spoken C. told D. said
50. A. glad B. sad C. unhappy D. happy
51. A. from B. on C. during D. at
52. A. cleared B. cleaned C. wet D. dried
53. A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. sad
54. A. doubt B. believe C. wonder D. want
55. A. Because B. Though C. When D. As
The Grand Canyon (峡谷) in Arizona extends four hundred fifty kilometers. The canyons look as if they formed as the earth split apart. They were actually cut by rivers.
Looking at the Grand Canyon is like looking back in time. Forty million years ago, the Colorado River began cutting through the area. At the same time, the surrounding land was pushed up by forces deep within the Earth. Rain, snow, ice, wind, and plant roots rubbed away at the top of the new canyon. Below, the flowing river continued to uncover more and more levels of ancient rock. Their appearance changes endlessly -- with the light, the time of year, and the weather.
The Grand Canyon has several weather environments. The top is often much different from the bottom. On some winter days, for example, you may find cold winds and snow at the top. But at the bottom, you may find warm winds and flowers.
The Grand Canyon is known as one of the seven wonders of the natural world. About five million people visit the canyon each year. Most visitors walk along paths part way down into the canyon. Some visitors ride mules to the bottom and back.
There are several other ways to visit the Grand Canyon. Hundreds of thousands of people see the canyon by air each year. They pay a helicopter or airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyon.
About twenty thousand people a year see the Grand Canyon from the Colorado River itself. They ride boats over the rapid, rocky water. These trips last from one week to three weeks.
Visitors can see the Grand Canyon in still another way. A huge glass walkway, called the Skywalk, extends from the edge and is hanging above the bottom of the canyon.
Some people say the Skywalk is an engineering wonder. However, other people have criticized the Skywalk and future development. They say it harms a national treasure and reduces the enjoyment of nature in the Grand Canyon.
1. We can learn from the first paragraph ____________.
A. the Grand Canyon is the most beautiful place in America
B. the Grand Canyon is four hundred fifty kilometers long
C. the Grand Canyon used to be a dried river
D. the Grand Canyon used to be a deep opening in the earth
2. According to the passage, people can visit the Grand Canyon in ______ ways.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
3. We can learn that the author of the passage hold a(n) ______ attitude towards the Skywalk.
A. positive B. negative C. objective D. critical
4. All the following are true about the Grand Canyon EXCEPT ____________.
A. The top of the Grand Canyon is always cold.
B. The Grand Canyon displays different colors in different times.
C. The Grand Canyon is as old as forty million years old.
D. Every year more people see the Grand Canyon by air than by boat.
四．阅读理解（每题4分，共20分）
British newspapers are among the oldest and most famous in the world. But recently big changes have seen these traditional publications try to fit the modern world. After 221 years, The Times (《泰晤士报》) has changed its size to become much smaller. In fact, the paper has cut its size in half from a broadsheet to tabloid.
In Britain the newspaper market is divided between the larger broadsheets and the smaller tabloids. These terms refer to the size of the papers’ pages, but there is also a clear difference in content. Broadsheets such as the Times, the Guardian (《卫报》) and Daily Telegraph (《每日电讯报》) are serious papers. They cover a broad range of political, economic and international issues. Their stories are also reasonably long and use quite formal language.
Tabloids have far more stories about less serious issues such as celebrities’（名人） love lives. Their stories are shorter and use more simple language. Tabloids often have bigger pictures. Britain’s best-selling newspaper, the Sun, is a tabloid and has a naked (裸体的) girl on page three every day.
By changing to the size of a tabloid, the Times is following in the footsteps of a less famous broadsheet paper the Independent (《独立报》). It changed to tabloid last year and saw its sales increase greatly. Although both papers have switched to the smaller size, the content of the papers has remained the same. They are both still serious papers.
The two papers claim that people find the smaller size easier to handle when they travel to work on the bus or the train in the morning. Instead of calling the new style of their paper tabloid, the paper says its new size is “compact” (紧凑型).
1. In which year was The Times born?
A. 1782 B. 1785 C. 1788 D. 1786
2. Which is the most correct statement?
A. Broadsheets are larger in size while tabloids are smaller.
B. Tabloids are less serious than broadsheets.
C. Broadsheets contain more news than tabloids.
D. They are different in size, content and the style of language.
3. In which of the following newspapers would you find more news about the personal life of the famous soccer star Beckham?
A. The Sun B. The Times C. The Independent D. The Guardian
4. According to the passage, we can infer the main reason for The Times" changing into the tabloid is that_____.
A. it wants to become convenient for people to carry.
B. it wants to increase its circulation (发行量).
C. it intends to copy what The Independent has done.
D. it is unlikely to stay in business if it does not change.
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the given information?
A. There are more tabloids than broadsheets in Britain at present.
B. After the change, there will be no differences between The Sun and The Times.
C. Although The Times has cut its size, it remains a serious paper.
D. All the papers will tend to have the same style in the future.
Indians are the world’s biggest bookworms, reading on average 10.7 hours a week, twice as long as Americans, according to a new survey.
The NOP World Culture Score Index surveyed 30,000 people in 30 countries from December 2004 to February 2005.
Analysts said self-help and desirable reading could explain India’s high figures.
Time spent on reading meant fewer hours watching TV and listening to the radio—India came fourth last in both.
The NOP survey of 30,000 consumers aged over 13 saw China and the Philippines take second and third place respectively in average hours a week spent reading books, newspapers and magazines.
Britons and Americans scored about half the Indians’ hours and Japanese and Koreans were even lower—at 4.1 and 3.1 hours respectively.
R. Sriram, chief executive officer of Crosswords Bookstores, a chain of 26 bookshops around India, says Indians are extremely entrepreneurial (有开创精神的) and reading “is a fundamental part of their being”.
“They place a great deal of emphasis on reading. That’s the reason why they do well in education at home and in universities abroad,” he said.
“People educate themselves and deal with change throughout their lives. And the way to do that is to update themselves with books.”
Mr. Sriram says social changes have also made a difference: “Earlier people could turn to their parents and grandparents for advice．Now they turn to books.”
1. According to the time spent on reading, which of the following answers is right?
A. Indians>Americans>Chinese>Koreans
B. Americans>Chinese>Philippines>Japanese
C. Chinese>Indians>Americans>Philippines
D. Indians>Chinese>Philippines>Americans
2. The sentence “India came fourth last in both.” in paragraph four means_____.
A. Indians have no time to watch TV and listen to the radio
B. Indians are busy with their work every day
C. Indians spent more time on reading so that they have fewer hours watching TV and listening to the radio
D. People in other countries spent more time watching TV and listening to the radio
3. The time that Chinese spent on reading may be______ a week.
A. 5.35 hours B. less than 10.7 hours but more than 5.35 hours
C. more than 10.7 hours D. 10.7 hours
4. The Indians do well in education and universities abroad because_____.
A. they have excellent teachers in every school
B. they have qualities that are needed to succeed
C. they put much emphasis on reading
D. they live in a developed country
5. Which of the following is not mentioned in this passage?
A. Indians live a very rich life in their homeland.
B. Indians are those who spend much time on reading or studying.
C. Indians are those who spend fewer hours watching TV and listening to the radio.
D. Now the Indians turn to books for advice.
When you arrive at the Shanghai Expo site, the first thing you see will be a huge red building in the ancient architectural style．Built according to the concept of “Oriental Crown”, the China Pavilion（展馆）will be the largest national pavilion at the Expo.
Themed “Search of the east”, the three-storey pavilion will be divided into three sections．Footprint of the East on the top floor will illustrate the change of Chinese cities; at Journey of Wisdom on the second, China’s four great inventions—the compass, paper, printing and gun-power will be displayed; and Blossoming(盛开) City on the ground floor will showcase the scenery of future cities.
Fantastic film
Take a lift and you will be taken to the 8,500-square-meter top floor．There, in a film by Lu Chuan, you’ll see how Chinese cities have changed, especially over the past 30 years．The 10-minute movie will be shown in a 600-seat theater.
“It will be like a short epic．The scenery of the work will be like Lord of the Rings．I will shoot the movie in many Chinese cities．Some love stories will be involved,” said Lu.
Grand painting
The painting Along the River During Qingming Festival, is considered a national treasure．It describes life in Bianjing, which is today’s Kaifeng in Henan province．More than 1,000 years ago, it was the largest city in the world．Multimedia technology will make more than 1,500 characters of the painting walk and move along a 100-meter-long wall.
Happy families
Four families are chosen from Zhejiang province to show their daily lives．Films of the families and furniture from the households will be exhibited.
At the pavilion, you’ll gain insight into the daily lives of these families at different periods．The designers believe these will mirror the great changes Zhejiang has witnessed since China’s reform and opening-up policy in the late 1970s.
Pick up your camera and upload your videos online, because you may find your work broadcast at the China Pavilion．
The search launched by four websites encourages people to capture and record the rapid development of cities in China and the beauty and the color in people’s lives．Two hundred outstanding entries will be made into films and played on screens at the China Pavilion.
With the theme “Same time”, the films will show the work and life of people in different parts of China at the same specific moments．Entries should last at least 30 seconds.
Four gold prize winners will be awarded about 10,000 yuan each．Others whose works are selected will also win prizes.
1．Which of the following statements is true according to the article?
A．Visitors can easily find the China Pavilion beside the traditional red building.
B．The theme of the China Pavilion is “Oriental Crown”.
C．The China Pavilion is designed by famous film director Lu Chuan.
D．Visitors can get to the top floor of the China Pavilion by lift.
2．The painting Along the River During Qingming Festival in the China Pavilion is special in that___________.
A．it shows what life was like in Beijing, the capital of China.
B．its epic scenery is like that of Lord of the Rings.
C．it describes the life of the world’s largest city more than 1,000 years ago.
D．it has more than 1,500 characters walking along a 100-meter-long wall.
3．In the China Pavilion all the exhibits and activities are trying to illustrate the very theme: ___________.
A．harmonious and sustainable development in China
B．great changes of Chinese cites
C．the city makes life better
D．humans and nature
4．Which of the following can be regarded as the best suitable topic for the blank?
A．vivid city life show B．Chinese lifestyle
C．thrilling moment D．prosperous cities
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