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In Europe, people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right throughout the meal, a system that is generally agreed to be more efficient than the American zigzag(曲折的)method. Americans hold both the fork and the knife in their right hands throughout the meal, so they continually change their forks to the left hand when they have to cut their meat. It seems to be funny for the Europeans to see Americans busy changing their dinner sets, making a lot of noises.
A few explanations for this American style are as follows:
(1) Americans are practical and efficient. Since most of us are right-handed, it is reasonable to keep our working tools at all times in the right hand that can use them most efficiently.
(2) Americans, the master of the New World are rebels(叛逆者).They use the zigzag method to break the rules in the Old World and in this way they are thumbing their nose at Mother England. Americans are a restless kind. They do not like to sit in one spot for very long when dining.
(3) Forced to do so, they respond by “playing” with the silver.
Whatever the reason for the practice, it is now certainly as American as apple pie. Europeans recognize this and are quick to attack it as evidence of American innocence(无知)of form. Arguments against the zigzag method rest not only on grounds of efficiency but also on those of tradition. In Old World dining, the knife is held in the right hand continually because it can serve as an instant defense against the uninvited intruders(入侵者).However, such alertness(警觉) is out of place in the New World, as every American believes that this is the home of the brave. Americans juggle their silverware, perhaps, to show that they are not afraid and that one of them holding a fork is worth any number of them holding blades(刀).
小题1:Americans use _______ to hold their fork to pick up the salad.
A.the right handB.the left hand
C.both handsD.either of the two hands
小题2:As the masters of the New World, Americans use a different cutting method from that in the Old World to _________________.
A.show their independence of Mother England
B.show their disrespect to Mother England
C.add a new tradition to those in Mother England
D.show off their creativeness to Mother England
小题3:In the last sentence, the word “juggle” probably means ____________.
A.hold B.play withC.pick upD.lay down
小题4:Also in the last sentence, the two “them” refer to ____________.
A.Americans
B.Europeans and Americans separately
C.Americans and Europeans separately
D.Europeans
小题5:Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.European people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right hand.
B.The zigzag eating method is related to American characteristics.
C.The zigzag eating method has become an American feature.
D.European people will use the American method because of its efficiency.

答案

小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:D
解析

试题分析:本文叙述了美国人和英国人都使用刀叉,他们各自使用方式不同。美国人是把刀叉都放在右手使用的,因此他们不得不不断地把叉换到左手使用;右手只拿刀的是英国人,这些又能说明什么问题呢?
小题1:推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Americans hold both the fork and the knife in their right hands throughout the meal”可知。故选A.
小题2:细节理解题。根据文章中的三个解释中的第二条“They use the zigzag method to break the rules in the Old World and in this way they are thumbing their nose at Mother England.”可知。thumb one"s nose at是“嘲笑、轻视某人”的意思。故选B。
小题3:词意猜测题。根据上文可知,美国人是把刀叉都放在右手使用的,因此他们不得不不断地把叉换到左手使用,这样像耍把戏一样,由此可推断出正确的词义。故选B。
小题4:推理判断题。根据上文可知,用右手拿叉的是美国人,而右手只拿刀的是英国人,因而这两个them前一个是美国人,而后一个是英国人。这句话的意思是:他们像耍把戏一样玩着银质的刀叉是为了表示他们勇敢,而且他们一个持叉的人就可以敌得过任何一个拿刀的人。故选C。
小题5:推理判断题。根据最后一段“Europeans recognize this and are quick to attack it as evidence of American innocence(无知)of form.”可知英国人是极力反对美国人的这个做法的,并把它作为一个证据来证明美国人的无知,所以它们是不会使用美国的这个做法的。故选D。
点评:做这种类型的题,要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生,我们要特别注意熟词生义,切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
核心考点
试题【In Europe, people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right thro】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Commencement (毕业典礼) is a time for idealism.
But economic reality is cruel everywhere; especially for new graduate. They have been told repeatedly that a college degree is an open sesame(芝麻) to the global economy. But that’s not necessarily so, according to new research by two economists at he Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Frank Levy and Peter Temin.
It is true that people with college degrees make more money than people without degrees. The gap has narrowed somewhat in recent years, which is disturbing. But the earning power of college graduates still far outpaces that of less-educated workers.
The bad news, though, is that a college degree does not ensure a bigger share of the economics pie for many graduates. In recent decades Mr. Levy and Mr. Temin show, only college-educated women have seen their income grow in line with economy wide gains in productivity. The earnings of male college graduates have failed to keep pace with productivity gains.
Instead, a huge share of productivity growth, which expands the nation’s income, is going to Americans on the top of the income scale. In 2005, the latest year with available data, the top of 1 percent of Americans---whose average annual income was $ 1.1 million--- took in 21.8 percent of the nation’s income, their largest share since 1929.
Administration officials, and other politicians and economists, often, believe that income inequality, reflects an education gap. But Mr. Levy and Mr. Temin show that in the case of men, the average bachelor’s degree is not enough to catch the rising tide of the global economy.
They argue that the real reason that inequality is worsening is the lack of strong policies that broadly distribute economic gains. In the past, for example, a more progressive income tax and unions promote equality. Positive measures have been eroding and new ones have not yet emerged, making the income gap even greater.
Mr. Levy and Mr. Temin conclude that only a new government policy can restore general prosperity. That’s a challenge to the nation’s leader and today’s graduates. America needs them to contribute to the development of the nation in global economy.
小题1:The passage is mainly about that _______.
A.there is a big income gap between female and male college graduates in America.
B.college graduates find it hard to find an ideal job after graduation in America.
C.research shows that American government should take measures to ensure income equality for college graduates
D.college degrees are losing value in America.
小题2:What is the main idea of paragraph 5?
A.The whole nation has enjoyed a big income growth with the growth of productivity.
B.Much of the total income in America has been gained by a few very rich people.
C.A small part of people in America have income increase.
D.Upper class Americans contribute most to productivity growth.
小题3:The underlined word “eroding” in paragraph 7 probably means _______.
A.being gradually destroyed by wind or rain
B.gradually reducing power
C.gradually disappearing
D.gradually not suitable
小题4:We can infer from the passage that _______.
A.female college graduates have higher income than male ones.
B.female college graduates have benefited from some governmental measures to ensure their income growth.
C.income tax can grantee income equality.
D.new measures and policies have been taken to promote income equality.
小题5:From the passage, some economists believe that the worsening income inequality is caused by ______.
A.lower college degree of college graduates
B.lack of proper governmental policies
C.gender discrimination
D.underdevelopment of economy and productivity.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Bowing is a very important custom in Japan. Unlike people in many other countries, they greet each other by bowing instead of shaking hands. It is impolite not to return a bow to whoever bows to you.
Bowing has many functions in one. It expresses the feeling of respect, thanks, regret, and so on. You can bow when you say, “thank you”, “sorry”, “hello”, “goodbye”, “congratulations”, “excuse me”, “good morning”, and more.
Bowing seems simple, but there are different ways of bowing. Bowing techniques vary from a small nod of the head to a long, 90-degree bow. It depends on the social position or age of the person you bow to. If your opposite is of higher social position or older than yourself, you are supposed to bow deeper and longer than him or her. It is polite to bow from your waist. Men usually keep their hands at their sides, and women usually put their hands together on their legs with their fingers touching. If it is not a very formal situation, you can bow by nodding. The most common bow is a bow of about 15 degrees.
You might feel strange doing it, but try to bow in Japan. You will be considered very polite!
小题1:The author writes the passage mainly to _____.
A.introduce the history of bowing in Japan
B.describe the purposes of bowing in Japan
C.describe different ways of bowing in Japan
D.introduce the Japanese custom of bowing
小题2:By saying “Bowing has many functions in one”, the author means that _____.
A.one kind of bow has many similar functions
B.people can express different feelings by bowing
C.people bow to express their feelings
D.the more times you bow, the more respect you receive
小题3:How people greet in many countries?
A.by bowingB.by shaking hands
C.by kissing each otherD.by touching
小题4:If an assistant wants to show respect to her professor, she may bow like _____.

A            B          C           D
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF PANLAND
EXPORTS

小题1:Considering all imports and exports, what statement can be made about Panland’s trade?
A.Panland imports food and exports raw materials.
B.Panland imports manufactured goods and exports food.
C.Panland imports manufactured goods and exports raw materials.
D.Panland imports raw materials and exports manufactured goods.
小题2:With which of the following does Panland carry on the most trade?
A.Asia.B.Africa. C.Middle East. D.United States.
小题3:Judging from its economy, it could be concluded that most of Panland’s working people are _____
A.farmersB.fishing people C.unskilled laborers D.skilled factory workers

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案


Neatly putting an emphasis on his storytelling skill is how writer Mo Yan began his Nobel Lecture in Literature speech, “Storyteller”, on Friday (Saturday, Beijing time) in Stockholm.
For 40 minutes he talked about his mother’s   36  on him as a person and a writer, his literary inspirations, and how he   37  with the controversy(争论)that followed the announcement of his Nobel victory.
He told his audience that as a boy he told stories to cheer up his mother, and   38  that poverty and loneliness fueled his imagination as a writer after he grew up.   39 , authors such as William Faulkner and Gabriel Garcia Marquez   40  him, he said, especially their bold and unlimited writing style.
“A person should be   41  in daily life, but follow one’s instinct(本能)and take control when it   42  to literary creation.”
He said the soul of   43  all of his works is the boy in Transparent Carrot who has an almost superhuman ability to bear   44 . He added that he also tried to make his hometown of Gaomi in Shandong Province a microcosm(缩影)of China and even the   45 .
His greatest challenge, he said, was writing novels that deal with   46  realities.
“In writing about the dark aspects of society there is a(n)  47  that emotions and anger allow politics to limit literature.”
He said literature must be   48  on real life but go beyond it.
He also mentioned the   49  surrounding his selection as Nobel winner, saying he was showered with many flowers.   50  he was a target for “stone throwers”.
“At first I thought I was the   51  of the controversies, but over time I’ve come to realize that the real target was a person who had   52  to do with me.”
Mo   53  his lecture by saying he was made to feel like an actor in a play with all the attention he was   54 , but he had decided that the best way to communicate his thoughts was to   __55  writing.
小题1:
A.affectionB.influenceC.occasionD.position
小题2:
A.agreedB.foughtC.dealtD.did
小题3:
A.addedB.warnedC.remindedD.imagined
小题4:
A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides
小题5:
A.preservedB.inspiredC.entertainedD.taught
小题6:
A.confidentB.certainC.comfortableD.modest
小题7:
A.goesB.comesC.turnsD.gets
小题8:
A.nearlyB.hardlyC.scarcelyD.always
小题9:
A.dangerB.sufferingC.relievingD.happiness
小题10:
A.cityB.villageC.worldD.province
小题11:
A.socialB.economicalC.agriculturalD.cultural
小题12:
A.encouragementB.dangerC.advantageD.event
小题13:
A.insistedB.spentC.basedD.passed
小题14:
A.contradictionB.contestC.contraryD.controversy
小题15:
A.MeanwhileB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Instead
小题16:
A.goalB.intentionC.targetD.purpose
小题17:
A.somebodyB.anythingC.nothingD.anybody
小题18:
A.adoptedB.concludedC.admittedD.concerned
小题19:
A.throwingB.acceptingC.offeringD.receiving
小题20:
A.carry onB.take onC.bring outD.put out

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scan evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggests that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
小题1:What were the people asked to do in the study?
A.To make a face at each other.
B.To get their faces impressive.
C.To classify (分类) some face pictures.
D.To observe the researchers" faces
小题2:What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The participants in the study.B.The researchers of the study.
C.The errors made during the study.D.The data collected from the study.
小题3:In comparison(比较) with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .
A.do translation more successfully
B.study the mouth more frequently
C.examine the eyes more attentively
D.read facial expressions more correctly
小题4:What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D.How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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