everyday speakers? One expert points out that the percentage of native English speakers is declining
(降低) while the languages of other rapidly growing regions are being spoken by increasing numbers of
people. But English will continue to remain widespread and important.
However, British language scholar David Graddol says English will probably drop in dominance(主导)
by the middle of this century to rank, after Chinese, about equally with Arabic, Hindi, and Urdu. "The
number of people speaking English as a first language continues to rise, but it isn"t rising nearly as fast as the
numbers of many other languages around the world, simply because the main population group has been
largely in the less developed countries where languages other than English have been spoken," he says.
In a recent article in the journal Science, Mr. Graddol noted that three languages that are not near the
top of the list of the most widely spoken now might be there soon. These are Bengali, Tamil and Malay,
spoken in south and southeast Asia.
David Crystal, the author of The Cambridge Encyclopedia(百科全书) of the English Language, says
about 1.5 billion of the world"s six billion people speak it as a second tongue compared to the 400 million
native speakers. But another expert on the English language says Mr. Graddol underestimates (低估) the
future of its dominance. "All the evidence suggests that the English language snowball is rolling down a hill
and is getting faster, but nobody quite knows what"s going to happen because no language has been in this
position before." He said.
B. be more important than any other language
C. lose its dominant position
D. die away in the near future.
B. the English language snowball is rolling down faster than any time in the past
C. the English language will soon drop in dominance
D. more and more language user will choose English
B. Arabic.
C. Urdu.
D. German
B. The Future of English? Who Knows?
C. Opinions from Different Experts
D. The English Language Snowball Rolling Down
High unemployment is the biggest threat to the global recovery,the head of the International
Monetary Fund (IMF) warned.Dominique StraussKahn,the IMF"s managing director,warned
against selfsatisfaction as he pointed out "we are still in a crisis" in spite of the improving
economic conditions.The key to steady growth of economy,he said,would be jobs.
"A year ago,my worry was a recovery without jobs.This is now certainly a recovery with
not enough jobs,"he said."For_the_young,there_is_now_a_risk_that_will_turn_into_a_life_
sentenee."
Britain is one of several developed nations facing high levels of joblessness.Total
unemployment is running at 7.8%,but one in five 16 to 24year olds is out of work and the
percentage is still rising,according to the Office for National Statistics.In Italy,youth
unemployment is running at about 30% and at 43% in Spain.The US announced a 27,000
increase in a weekly unemployment report on Thursday,and unemployment is running at 8.8%.
Mentioning the disturbing state in the Middle East and North Africa,he added,"Inclusive
growth-sharing the benefits of economic growth fairly,not enough of which is a threat to that
growth,is very important.We have to care about more inclusive growth.We need more than
growth;we need active policies."Mr.StraussKahn said there was "more focus on
unemployment and unfairness" in the IMF.
Rising food prices also hold back the global recovery,both Mr.StraussKahn and World
Bank President Robert Zoellick warned.Mr.Zoellick said food prices were in the "danger
zone",pushing 44 millon people into poeverty.Rising prices have been driven by the changing
diet of the rising middle classes in new markets.The problem is being "made worse" by
businessmen and traders.
He also mentioned some countries" food investment policies.An Asian country has bought
huge areas of fields in Africa to grow enough food to feed its growing middle class.
B.be satisfied and pleased with the achievements
C.find methods to deal with high unemployment rates
D.improve working conditions to protect their workers
B.There will be more young people breaking the law in the future.
C.The government"s law and rules are too long for the young.
D.It will be a long time before there are enough jobs for the young.
B.show that the unemployment rate of the young is high
C.remind the young to work hard to fight against the crisis
D.encourage other countries to help them go through the crisis
B.Global recovery is also influenced by rising food prices.
C.Unemployment problems only exist in developing countries.
D.The high unemployment is caused by rising food prices.
B.The poverty of the developing countries in North Africa.
C.The IMF"s determination to take control of food prices.
D.The ways used by the IMF to cut down food prices.
__________________________________________________________________________
Parents often say,"I don"t understand why my child is acting this way.We"ve given him everything in
the world,and he just wants more.He"s never happy.He doesn"t enjoy what he has."
For some reason,we often feel that if we give our child everything he wants to keep him happy,he
should behave the way we want him to.An important part of meeting children"s emotional(情感的)needs
is to set limits often and firmly in a loveing way.Pardnts who learn to set limits in a loving way set them
more often because they don"t have to wait until they"ve "had it up to here" to do so.
A therapeutic(治疗的)way of setting limits is called ACT:Acknowledge the feeling,communicate the
limit,and target the choice.Necessarily,you"re saying to the child,"I understand how you feel.It"s OK to
feel that way,but you can"t act that way when you feel like that.You can act this way when you feel like
that." It"s also important to communicate this message in a loving way,not an angry way.
Using ACT limitsetting teaches children to cope with their emotions and to find appropriate behavioral
expressions that don"t hurt the children themselves.It can also be used to teach children to delay
gratification(满意).Here are some examples of how it works.If your child wants a toy when you"re at
the store and you don"t want to buy it,you can say,(A)"You love that toy and want it right now,(C)but
we"re not spending any money on toys today.(T)You can put it on your wish list for birthday or Christmas."
Using this technique,you"ll learn to set reasonable limits that work.If you set limits too severely,you"re
also more likely to give in,because you feel guilty.If you don"t follow through with a consequence or you
make one that"s too severe,you teach your child not to trust you.
Parents often say,"I don"t understand why my child is acting this way.We"ve given him everything in
the world,and he just wants more.He"s never happy.He doesn"t enjoy what he has."
For some reason,we often feel that if we give our child everything he wants to keep him happy,he should
behave the way we want him to.An important part of meeting children"s emotional(情感的)needs is to
set limits often and firmly in a loveing way.Pardnts who learn to set limits in a loving way set them more
often because they don"t have to wait until they"ve "had it up to here" to do so.
A therapeutic(治疗的)way of setting limits is called ACT:Acknowledge the feeling,communicate the
limit,and target the choice.Necessarily,you"re saying to the child,"I understand how you feel.It"s OK to feel that way,but you can"t act that way when you feel like that.You can act this way when you feel like that." It"s also important to communicate this message in a loving way,not an angry way.
Using ACT limitsetting teaches children to cope with their emotions and to find appropriate behavioral
expressions that don"t hurt the children themselves.It can also be used to teach children to delay
gratification(满意).Here are some examples of how it works.If your child wants a toy when you"re at
the store and you don"t want to buy it,you can say,(A)"You love that toy and want it right now,(C)but
we"re not spending any money on toys today.(T)You can put it on your wish list for birthday or Christmas."
Using this technique,you"ll learn to set reasonable limits that work.If you set limits too severely,you"re also more likely to give in,because you feel guilty.If you don"t follow through with a consequence or you make
one that"s too severe,you teach your child not to trust you.
B. children"s emotions are hard to meet
C. parents don"t understand children at all
D. children are the real burden to parents
B. children act the way we want them to
C. children should be thankful to us
D. children should still do what they like
with him?
B. You can play with her tomorrow.
C. But Lucy has to do her homework now.
D. Tom,you shall not disturb Lucy.
B. behave very seriously
C. make efforts to be angry
D. try to make children satisfied
B. The advantages of ACT technique.
C. The way to deal with children.
D. The introduction of ACT technique.
but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation
planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized
for failing to solve traffic jam.
But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box offices are seen as signs
of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that
traffic jam is an unpreventable byproduct of successful cities, and view the "traffic problem" in a different
light.
Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic transactions.
Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically
successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don"t have much traffic. New
York and Los Angeles are America"s most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage
houses (经纪行), you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities.
And if your firm needs access to postproduction film editors or satelliteguidance engineers, you will reach
them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.
Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions and economic transactions
can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay.
So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of
inaccessibility (交通不便) in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.
There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places
like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in
the US, even in our most crowded cities. That"s why, for now, we don"t see people and capital streaming
out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for cities like California, and Illinois.
B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with
C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved
D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power
B. Traffic jam is both a sign of failure and a sign of success.
C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities.
D. For a successful city, traffic jam is not unpreventable.
B. developing
C. rich and successful
D. strong and healthy
B. New York and Los Angeles are the most successful cities in the USA.
C. It is easier to reach major brokerage houses in the two cities than in other cities.
D. Despite the traffic jam in LA, you"ll find a satelliteguidance engineer more quickly there.
B. The traffic jam in San Francisco has resulted in the capital becoming empty.
C. The traffic jam level in Jakarta is lower than that in the US.
D. Traffic jam has caused terrible bad effects in cities such as Bangkok and Lagos.
ruining their life plans,I couldn"t help but think the 20somethings sounded like a bunch of spoiled children
who grew up expecting everything to be easy for them.As a 20something myself,I certainly share their
disappointment:My husband and I probably won"t be able to buy a house until we"re in our 40s,and we
too are burdened by student loans (贷款).But why should it be any different? Being young persons in
America,shouldn"t they take up all of the challenges and opportunities that this country offers?
Consider some of these views shared in the Slate story: Jennifer,29,owner of a twobedroom apartment
with her husband,worries that she won"t be able to have children for at least a decade because they can"t
afford to buy a house yet.
I read that,and I thought,what planet is she living on where you need to own a house in order to have
kids? Has she ever visited a developing country,or even downtown areas in this one? Home ownership is
a luxury (奢侈品),not a fertility requirement.
A 26yearold in the story despairs (绝望) that he can"t afford to get a Ph.D.in literature.Well,that sounds
a bit like expressing disappointment that no one will pay you to write poetry on the beach in Thailand for
five years.
Yes,it"s sad that these young people feel so lost.But I think the problem is their extremely high
expectations,not economic reality.Beth Kobliner,author of Get a Financial Life:Personal Finance in Your
Twenties and Thirties,says that she thinks people"s expectations are slowly adjusting,but today"s 20
somethings grew up at a time when everyone"s wealth appeared to be expanding.Their parents probably
saw their home values rise along with their investments."So you have people who have grown up in an
environment where people had great expectations of what living well means," says Kobliner.
This recession (衰退) will certainly play a role in forcing those expectations into more realistic group.
In the meantime,it seems a lot better for our mental health to focus on being grateful-for our onebedroom
apartments,for living in modern cities,or perhaps just for being able to eat three meals a day-than on
longing for some kind of luxury life.
B.They complain that the economy is spoiling their life plans.
C.They are reluctant to face all of the challenges.
D.They are burdened by student loans.
B.pleasant
C.baby comfort
D.essential
B.They have only onebedroom apartment to live in.
C.They can"t buy a house until 40 because of student loans.
D.They despair at not being able to afford a Ph.D.in literature.
B.Negative.
C.Unbelieving.
D.Understanding.
B.Why Young People Can"t Afford to Buy a House
C.When Young People"s High Hopes Create Despair
D.What the 20somethings" High Expectations Are
shocked many of his readers when 1.________(describe)the conditions under which young
children worked in British factories.2.________conditions Dickens described continue,almost
unchanged today,in many parts of the world.The only difference is 3.________today"s
employment of children is confined to small industries and family businesses,such as hotels,
restaurants and 4.________(particular)farms,rather than to large factories.The children not
only receive nothing or very 5.________for their long hours of work,but also they 6.________
(prevent) from attending school.Therefore,when they become older they are 7.________(able)
to do any other kind of work.
The solution 8.________the problem of child labour is clearly better laws to protect young
children,greater supervision (监督) of industry and heavier fines for 9.________who break the
laws.Only 10.________this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most valuable
time of their lives-childhood.
- 1为了得出条形磁铁的磁性两端强、中间弱的特性,某同学设计了以下四个实验,其中不能达到目的的是A.将甲实验中的条形磁铁平移靠
- 2按照达尔文的进化观点解释,长颈鹿进化的原因是( )A.颈长者的繁殖力较强B.颈长者较凶悍,攻击力大C.人工选择的结果D
- 3秦亡以后,项羽、刘邦所领导的战争的性质是[ ]A.农民起义推翻暴秦的战争B.封建地主争夺统治权的战争C.农民与地
- 4I know this plan is far from perfect, but I just can’t think
- 5阅读下面的材料:“武帝时,西域内属,有三十六国,汉为置使者,校尉领护之。宣帝改日都护……王莽篡位……与中国遂绝,并复役属
- 6在全国对外开放的新格局中居于“龙头地位”的是[ ]A、沿海开放城市 B、沿海经济开放区 C、内地开放城市D、经济
- 7下列有关实验原理或实验操作正确的是A.用pH试纸测量新制氯水的pHB.实验室用如图所示装置制饱和氯水C.利用丁达尔效应鉴
- 8在日常生活中,我们经常遇到下列现象:(1)蜡烛用火柴很容易点燃,而蜂窝煤却不能用火柴点燃:(2)铁丝空气中不能燃烧,但在
- 92010年5月1日,全球的目光将聚焦上海,通过世博会分享世界文明的新成果。就1851年第一届世博会在英国举行的原因,某班
- 10【题文】下列属于用分割相权的手段加强皇权的措施是①唐朝推行三省六部制 ②宋朝设置三司使
- 1 No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver _____
- 2若的最大值是3,则a的值是( )。
- 3 美苏在第二次世界大战期间结成了同盟,共同抵御来自法西斯国家的威胁,但这种同盟关系在战争结束后很快破裂,请问
- 4涵养,是一个人日常养成的正确的待人处事的态度。它可体现在日常工作和生活的诸多方面。例如,当你被人误解时,当别人不小心在行
- 5看插图, 判断你所听到的句子正确(T)与错误(F)。1. 2.
- 6如图,已知在⊙O中,弦AB的长为8cm,半径为5cm,过O作OC⊥AB,求点O与AB的距离.
- 7计算:2×2-1-(1-sin30°)0+(-2)2.
- 8Every child is ________ in the eyes of his parents.A.cheerfu
- 9一组数据15,15,16,17,18,18,19,18的众数是______.
- 10设全集U=R,集合A={x|x2-2x-3≤0},B={x|x2-4x≤0},(1)求A∩B,A∪B;(2)求(∁UA)