题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The British Isles is made up of two large islands: One is called Ireland and the other __16 . Britain, or Great Britain, is the larger of these two islands, and it is17 into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England.
The United Kingdom is that 18 of the British Isles ruled over by the Queen. It is made up of Scotland, Wales and England, that is, the 19 ofBritain, and also about one sixth of Ireland, the Northern part. The 20 of Ireland is self-governing. The 21 name of the United Kingdom is 22 “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”.
23 is larger and richer than Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and has the largest 24 of the United Kingdom, so people often use the 25 “England” and “English” when they 26 “Britain” and “British”. This sometimes makes the Scots and the Welsh a little 27 . The Scots in particular are very 28 of their separate nationality. The Welsh too do not regard 29 as English, and have a culture and even a 30 of their own.
Ireland became part of the United Kingdom in 1801, but for forty years the “Irish 31 ” was the greatest headache of the United Kingdom. 32 , Ireland is divided into two: Northern Ireland still 33 to the United Kingdom, and in 1922 the rest of Ireland 34 to found an Irish Free State, later called Eire and now the Republic of Ireland.
The Republic of Ireland does not regard itself as part of Britain, and is not now even a supporter of the Commonwealth of Nations (英联邦). Unlike the major Commonwealth countries it did not lift a finger to 35 British in the Second World War and now wants the whole of Ireland to be a republic.
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答案
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:C
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:D
小题1:A
小题1:A
小题1:A
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:D
解析
小题1:A词组be divided into意思是“被分成……”；cut into 意为“打断，侵犯”；break into 意为“破门而入”；separate from意为“分离，分开”。
小题1:D由该句可知the United Kingdom就是the British isles中被女王统治的那一部分。
小题1:D由第一段最后一句我们知道Britain是由Scotland, Wales和England三部分组成，所以说以上三部分就是整个的Britain。
小题1:C此处指英国的全称。What’s your full name? 你的全名是什么？
小题1:B由上文可知the United Kingdom 包括Britain，Wales，England以及Northern Ireland，又Britain，Wales和England就是指整个Britain，因此the United Kingdom又被称为“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”。
小题1:D the United Kingdom共由四部分组成，其他三部分都提到了，就剩下England，因此答案为D。
小题1:D只有人口最多，再加上面积最大和最富有，才能使人们提起Britain或British就用England或English来代替。而大学、官员和城市最多并不足以使人们这样做。
小题1:A “England”和“English”是两个单词。
小题1:A表示当人们称呼Britain或British时，常常用England或English。
小题1:A因为Wales和Scotland都属于Britain，所以称呼Britain为England自然让威尔士人和苏格兰人都有点生气。
小题1:A词组be proud of意思是“为……自豪或骄傲”，符合题意。
小题1:D the Welsh的反身代词为themselves。
小题1:B作为英国的一个相对独立的组成部分，Welsh有自己的语言。而capital是另外几个部分都具备的。
小题1:B由下文的the great headache可推出答案为B。
小题1:A词组at last的意思是“最终”，表示Ireland最终分为两部分。
小题1:B词组belong to意思是“属于”，Northern Ireland 仍旧属于the United Kingdom。
小题1:C词组break away表示“脱离”。
小题1:D爱尔兰共和国在二战中一点都没有帮助英国人。
核心考点
试题【Britain and Ireland The British Isles is made up of two large islands: One is c】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be a very frightening experience for a human being. However, some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their eardrums(耳鼓). The noise level in some discos is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas.
One recent report about noise and concentration(专心) suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration, what really influences their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise. It goes on to say that a background noise which doesn"t change too much(music, for example) may even help people to concentrate.
小题1:According to this passage, the noise pollution .
| A．has become the worst in the countryside | B．has become better in big cities |
| C．has spread from cities to villages | D．has been controlled in modern cities |
| A．while listening to pop music | B．in complete silence |
| C．when speaking loudly | D．while watching TV |
| A．all kinds of noise | B．changes in the level of noise |
| C．background noise | D．popular music |
Every commuter train that departs from New York City — about 900 a day — leaves a minute later than scheduled. If the timetable says 8:14, the train will actually leave at 8:15. In other words, if you think you have only a minute to get that train — well, relax. You have two.
The courtesy (礼貌) minute, in place for decades and published only in private timetables for employees, is meant as a grace period（宽限期）for those who need the extra time to get off the platform and onto the train.
“If everyone knows they get an extra minute, they’re going to waste time doing unimportant things,” explained Marjorie Anders, a spokeswoman for the Metro-North Railroad. Told of this article, Ms. Anders laughed. “Don’t blow our cover!” she said.
Entirely hidden from the riding public, the secret minute is an odd departure from the railroad culture of down-to-the-second accuracy. The railroad industry helped invent the concept of standard time, and time zones were established in the United States in the 1880s, 35 years before they were written into law. And most commuters know their train by the precise minute it departs. The trains quickly make up the minute: at all other stops, the public timetable prevails. The phantom minute does not exist at commuter railroads in Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, or San Francisco. But in New York, the secret minute dates back decades.
“That’s been done forever, from my knowledge,” said Jack Swanberg, 70, an unofficial historian of Metro-North. “I was the trainmaster starting in 1970 and I’m sure it’s been the case since 1870 for all I know.”
小题1:The courtesy minute was hidden from the public to _____.
| A．prevent the passengers’ idleness | B．help invent the concept of standard time |
| C．show the railroad company’s consideration | D．follow the ancient tradition of New York City |
| A．Don’t publish the timetable | B．Don’t blame commuter trains |
| C．Don’t make it known by the public | D．Don’t forget our chances of catching trains |
| A．The courtesy minute exists in many cities in the US. |
| B．One minute means a lot for most of the commuters. |
| C．The courtesy minute has been in place for about ten years. |
| D．Most railroad staff in New York have no idea of the courtesy minute. |
| A．the railroads in the US | B．the secret New York minute |
| C．the mistake of the railroad industry | D．the history of New York commuter trains |
Whatever the pocket money is, its entire use is not controlled by the parents, because a child learns to use money correctly only through dealing with it himself．If a seven-year-old child gets a quarter as a week pocket money and is made to put it all in his piggy bank to save it up, he gets no idea what the real use for the money is．He gets the shiny coins and they soon disappear．
The idea of a bank account is too early for so small a child, although he can be made to understand and enjoy saving his coins—not all of them, only a part of what he receives—to buy something he especially wants．By the time he is eight he is old enough to take part in the opening of his own savings account, parents may take him to the bank, open a savings account for him and encourage him to put a certain quantity or any checks he receives as gifts into the bank and watch his bank savings grow as entry by entry（存入） is made．
He will be saving, earning, and spending suitable quantities all along in order to learn how to manage money and to keep him in a favorable position with his friend．The boy who can"t join his fellows in a sweet shop once in a while, because he has to save every cent he gets or earns for some big unknown project his parents have chosen for him, is a sorry child．
小题1:Choose the best exolaration for the underlined part in the second paragraph.
| A．It is a kind of bank run by children． |
| B．It is a contralre in the shape of a pig for saving coins. |
| C．It is a certain place in which pigs are raise． |
| D．It is a bank whose building looks like a pig |
| A．Most of the rich people in America give children much pocket money． |
| B．American children usually have their bank accounts until they are eight． |
| C．American parents seldom care for their children"s spending money． |
| D．American children begin to learn how to manage money when very young． |
| A．spend the money on the things he wants |
| B．compare the gift with that of his friend |
| C．have most of it saved in the bank |
| D．put all the money in his piggy bank |
| A．Because he can not manage his money and is kept himself in an unfavorable position |
| B．Because he can not join the fellows in a sweet shop once in a while |
| C．Because he can not learn the use of money through spending it himself |
| D．Because he can not have any other choice but save, earn of spend money |
Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children should take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer.An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do，and it helps．Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture，such as family value，the importance of education and so on that lead to their success.
Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they could cause the native Americans’unhappiness．Many can remember when Chinese,Japanese and Filipino immigrants(移民)were unequally treated because of social separation．Indeed，it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.
小题1:Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because .
| A．they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgement in these areas |
| B．there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures |
| C．they know little about American cultures and Western cultures |
| D．their English is not good enough |
| A．people majoring in engineering are respected |
| B．people with an arts degree are looked down upon |
| C．they can’t find a job with an arts degree |
| D．they can earn more money after graduation |
| A．are afraid that their academic successes take on a strong Asian character |
| B．still worry about unfair treatment in society |
| C．generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents |
| D．feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English |
| A．Asian culture and the American educational system |
| B．Asian culture and a solid base in basic mathematics |
| C．hard work and parental help |
| D．hard work and a limited knowledge of English |
In some countries，laws stop people from moving freely from place to place．Over the centuries，many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race，religion，or nationality．In the Middle Ages，for example，Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities．South Africa’s government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country．Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move．
Countries set up customs posts at their borders．Foreign travellers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country．Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas(签证)．Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year．Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country，or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay．
Many of those barriers to travel also act as barriers to communication．When two governments disagree with each other on important matters，they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or ideas freely．Countries often try to keep military or lndustrial information secret．
Today，people have the ability to travel，to communicate，and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before．Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily．The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome．But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers，people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas.
小题1:Choose the best title for the passage．
| A．Progress of Human Society |
| B．Restrictions on Transportation |
| C．Functions of Communication |
| D．Barriers Made by People |
| A．travellers have to carry special papers such as visas |
| B．customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries |
| C．people have been allowed to travel freely within the country |
| D．people have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons |
| A．intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others |
| B．think such freedom will lead to wars |
| C．often disagree with each other on important matters |
| D．want to show their authority over communication |
| A．people do not care about the removal of barriers between countries |
| B．people can not remove the obstacles made by themselves |
| C．man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural ones |
| D．barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist |
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