题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors（处理器）, or WPS as they are often called. 60% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager’s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units（显示器）. The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.
小题1:Ten years ago, smaller companies did not use large computers because_________.
| A．these companies had not enough money to buy such expensive computers |
| B．these computers could not do the work that small computers can do today |
| C．these computers did not come onto the market |
| D．these companies did not need to use this new technology |
| A．the saving of time and money |
| B．the use of computers in small companies |
| C．the wide use of word processors |
| D．the decreasing number of secretaries |
| A．some secretaries will lose their jobs |
| B．daily jobs can be done automatically outside office hours |
| C．medical problems related to work with a VDU have increased greatly |
| D．the British companies will make less money |
| A．There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor. |
| B．The British companies care much for the health of the people using word processors. |
| C．The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years. |
| D．Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses. |
| A．safety screens are of poor quality |
| B．working at a VDU for a long time is good for one’s health |
| C．more and more British offices will use word processors |
| D．British companies will need fewer and fewer managers |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C
解析
试题分析：
小题1:A 推理题。根据第一段2，3行Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment说明大公司才可以用这样的大型的计算机，是因为他们买得起，而那些小公司没有办法是因为钱的问题，故A正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第二段1,2行The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors（处理器）, or WPS as they are often called.说明文字处理器的使用是最大的发展，故C正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据第4段1,2行But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed说明随着技术的进步，对于文秘工作的人的需要会变少，那么就会有很多人失业了，故A正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据文章最后两段说明这样的进步也有一些不利之处。故A项正确。文章中并没有提及英国的公司关注员工的身体健康，故第一段内容中提及的过去十年公司的变化，说明C正确。根据第三段第3行He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss.说明D项也是正确的，B项符合文章的要求。
小题5:C 推理题。根据文章最后一段Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.说明无论缺点还是优点，这都是办公室工作的进步，所以还是会继续发展的。故C说法正确。
点评：本文讲述了办公室运用文字处理器等电脑设备的优势和缺点。要求考生能准确把握每一段的中心思想和具体的细节，理解题目中所考查的语群，进行合理的推理判断和选择。
核心考点
试题【Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work ove】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.
One of the newest taboos is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that people talk about constantly. It’s not taboo to talk about fat; it’s taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, slim manager to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, how can people permit themselves to become fat? In an image-conscious society, thin is ‘‘in”, fat is “out”.
It’ s not surprising that millions of people have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the only reason for people’s obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of people has changed since last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people’s bodies can easily become weak. In an effort to avoid such a fate , millions of people are spending more of their time exercising. Parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists, and many companies are providing special exercise equipment for their employees to use during the work day.
小题1:What does the word “taboo’’ refer to in the passage?
| A．Behavior considered unacceptable to the society. |
| B．An unfavorable impression left on other people. |
| C．A strong desire to do something strange or terrible. |
| D．A crime committed on impulse. |
| A．The hidden look. | B．The fashionable look. |
| C．The usual look. | D．The inside look. |
| A．fat people are full of energy | B．fat people prefer to have fat bosses |
| C．thin people are more successful | D．thin people are less image-conscious |
| A．their need to kill time | B．their love for sports |
| C．their belief in hard work | D．their concern for health |
A century later many people presented new theories to explain the real reason for the disaster. Now two new studies argue that rare states of nature played major roles in the disaster.
The first says Earth’s nearness to the Moon and the Sun — a proximity not matched in more than 1,000 years — resulted in record tides that help explain why the Titanic met with so much ice, including the fatal iceberg.
Recently, a team of researchers found an apparent explanation in the heavens. They discovered that Earth had come unusually close to the Sun and Moon that winter, enhancing their gravitational pulls on the ocean and producing record tides. The rare orbits took place between December 1911 and February 1912 — about two months before the disaster came about. The researchers suggest that the high tides refloated masses of icebergs traditionally stuck along the coastlines of Labrador and Newfoundland and sent them adrift into the North Atlantic shipping lanes.
And a second, put forward by a Titanic historian from Britain, contends that the icy waters created ideal conditions for an unusual type of mirage(海市蜃楼) that hid icebergs from lookouts whose duty was to watch carefully for danger ahead and confused a nearby ship as to the liner’s identity, delaying rescue efforts for hours.
Most people know mirages as natural phenomena caused when hot air near the Earth’s surface bends light rays upward. In a desert, the effect prompts lost travelers to mistake patches of blue sky for pools of water. But another kind of mirage occurs when cold air bends light rays downward. In that case, observers can see objects and settings far over the horizon. The images often undergo quick distortions — not unlike the wavy reflections in a funhouse mirror.
Now, scholars of the Titanic are debating these new theories. Some have different opinions on it. Over all, though, many experts are applauding the fresh perspectives. (words:353)
小题1:The underlined word "It" in the title probably refers to _______.
| A．the Titanic | B．the record tide | C．the cause of the disaster | D．an unusual mirage |
① record tides’ forming and icebergs’ being refloated
② icebergs’ being drifted into the North Atlantic shipping lanes
③the Earth’s strange closing to the Sun and the Moon
④increasing of the gravitational force on the ocean
| A．①→②→③→④ | B．③→④→①→② | C．④→③→②→① | D．②→③→④→① |
| A．the freezing weather made the watcher not be able to watch clear |
| B．the mirage on the sea attracted the watcher and made him forget his work |
| C．the high tides drove the icebergs float so fast that the watcher didn’t respond to them |
| D．the mirage made the watcher not find icebergs and a nearby ship delay rescuing |
| A．to infer the possibility of the mirage appearing |
| B．to explain to the readers the ways of the mirage forming |
| C．to summarize the various kinds of the mirage |
| D．to analyze the conditions of the mirage arising |
| A．comparison and contrast | B．time and events |
| C．conclusion and proof | D．definition and classification（分类)） |
Tiara from Indiana：
I personally think body piercing is sickening. If there were supposed to be holes in your body，you would have been born with them. I do，however，think that ear piercing is not wrong. There is a difference between ear piercing and belly button piercing. Ear piercing is not nearly as dangerous. I would be sick if someone stuck a needle in my belly button.
Lee from Illinois:
Hi! I live in Illinois. I am 23. I have 12 tattoos and three piercings. I love my tattoos and consider myself an art collector. You would be surprised at who has given me the thumbs up on my art work. People on the street stop me to look at the tattoo on my leg. Most of them don’t know what it is. They just think the work itself is great.
Subotai from California:
I’m not forbidden of self-expression，but when I see high school students getting these piercings, I really wonder. In some cases, the drive is deeper and darker than mere fashion. A friend of mine tried piercing her own tongue with a safety pin. It got infected and she had a tongue the size of a cow’s.
Jackson from Ohio:
I don’t think it is wrong, but when people do it all over the place like their face and everything—I think that’s ridiculous. People who get the big “dragons that cover the whole body—I don’t think that’s necessary.” When I see naked chicks on guys, I think, “You have no respect for women.”
小题1:Who doesn’t think tattoos and piercings except ear piercing are beautiful？
| A．Jackson | B．Lee | C．Tiara | D．Subotai |
| A．tattoos and piercings are a new kind of elegant art |
| B．all the teachers in the West are in favour of tattoos and piercings |
| C．everything is changeable as time goes on |
| D．it is necessary to live with different views of beauty |
| A．Body Art or Causing Damage |
| B．Doing Damage to the Young People’s Bodies |
| C．Young People’s Different Curiosities |
| D．The Latest Fashion |
Say you’re on a Sunday afternoon drive, and notice a gas station near you charging $3.50. Down the road a few miles, that price could easily be 10 or more cents higher or lower. The question is “how” or “why” is that? Think of it this way. Are you more likely to get a better deal on a car if there are two similar car dealers next to each other? Perhaps, because the dealers are too close. Say there is a third similar car dealer miles away. Is he going to be at the same level of competition and sell his cars for the same price as the two dealers next to each other? Likely not. He may charge more or less. Maybe people don"t know there are two other dealers down the road. Maybe the dealer is almost outside of the city and the land value isn"t as high, so his taxes aren"t as high.
These situations do take place at gas stations. And more factors can impact what a station will charge. Timing can greatly impact what price a station charges as well! Many motorists fail to realize that the price a station pays for gasoline changes daily. If one station gets lucky and buys gas on Monday and the cost goes up Tuesday, the station that bought on Monday doesn’t necessarily have to raise prices like the station that bought on Tuesday. Maybe the station that got caught buying for a higher price on Tuesday will pass that higher cost on by raising its gas price.
Perhaps the difference is what brand the station is---branded stations usually pay a slightly higher cost for their gasoline. In return for paying a higher cost, those stations are guaranteed first supply in case of emergency situations. Independent stations don’t pay as much, but aren’t guaranteed supply.
While competition sounds easy to understand, there are always a large number of factors that could influence what one station charges. Keep in mind how many variables there are next time you fill up.
小题1:What could be the best title for the passage?
| A．How Competition Impacts Gas Prices |
| B．Gas Prices Go Up or Down |
| C．Competition---a Very Complex Word |
| D．We Can’t Stress Enough the Need for Competition |
| A．car prices are determined by car dealers |
| B．location is an important factor in pricing |
| C．the quality of service matters most |
| D．dealing strategy should be flexible |
| A．a gas station always wants to charge more |
| B．the gasoline is in great demand |
| C．the cost of the gas the station buys varies daily |
| D．gas is in greater need on Monday |
| A．spend less money on their gasoline |
| B．have more staff than independent stations |
| C．charge less for high quality oil |
| D．offer a steady oil supply |
David Sampson, a sports sociologist, agrees, “These are often celebratory riots(暴乱)— a large number of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol. They don’t often seem dangerous in the beginning, but things get violent quickly.”
Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd itself. When individuals are in a large group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility. Edward Hirt, a social Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never do alone. People in crowds feel that no one knows who they are. Crowds also make people feel powerful. They stop making personal decisions. They just follow the crowd. Social psychologists call this a “mob mentality.”
Dave Zarifis, head of public safety at Northern Iowa University says, “Some people don’t even come to celebrate. They want to drink hard and make trouble. Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there. You get a mob mentality. People think it’s OK to do almost anything. They think, ‘There are so many of us and not enough of them.’ ”
Social psychologist Dr. Sharon Kennedy says that there are a few things officials can do to prevent violence. Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important. Officials should also think of games as “big parties.” Then they will prepare differently. Kennedy says that in Great Britain they are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums. “When you know someone is watching, you are much less likely to behave badly.”
小题1:Which of the following best gives the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
| A．There’s a connection between violence and sports |
| B．There are many reasons for violence at sports events. |
| C．One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol. |
| D．David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion. |
| A．“ No one knows I’m doing this.” |
| B．“ It’s safe to do what many people are doing.” |
| C．“There are so many of us and not enough of them.” |
| D．“I must drink some alcohol to stop myself feeling shy.” |
| A．Five. | B．Four. | C．Three. | D．Two. |
| A．how to turn games into big parties |
| B．how to prevent violence at sports events |
| C．why to fix cameras in stadiums |
| D．how to avoid oneself behaving badly |
| A．Never drink any alcohol no matter where you are. |
| B．Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet. |
| C．Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something. |
| D．Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there. |
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