题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The Self-fulfilling Effect is also known as the Pygmalion Effect. This comes from an old Greek story. The story was also the basis of George Bernard Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”, later turned into the musical “My Fair Lady”. In Shaw’s play, Professor Henry Higgins claims he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a duchess. But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins’ friend Pickering, it isn’t what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how she’s treated.
The implication (含义) of the Pygmalion Effect for leaders and managers is massive. It means that the performance of your team depends less on them than it does on you. The performance you get from people is no more or less than what you expect, which means you must always expect the best. As Goethe said, “Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he will become as he can and should be.”
小题1:The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “_________”.
A.program | B.regulation | C.correction | D.classification |
A.A new scientific experiment. |
B.The Self-fulfilling Effect. |
C.Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”. |
D.An improved teaching method. |
A.try out a new teaching method |
B.pick out the most excellent pupils |
C.learn if expectations affect performance |
D.give each pupil a proper rating |
A.Strict training from Higgins. |
B.Her own strong will and hard work. |
C.The proper way she was regarded. |
D.Warm encouragement from Pickering. |
A.I’m sure you can make it | B.I will help you any time |
C.It is as easy as pie | D.It doesn’t matter if you fail |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:A
解析
试题分析:本题介绍了心理学上的皮格马利翁效应,亦称“罗森塔尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或“期待效应”。暗示在本质上,是人的情感和观念,会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示,正是让你梦想成真的基石之一……在本文中是指自我期待对我们人生的影响。
小题1:D 推理题。根据第一段1,2行At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”.说明该词是指给学生排名分类,从高到低顺序排列。故D项内容与之相符。
小题2:B 主旨大意题。本题介绍了心理学上的皮格马利翁效应,亦称“罗森塔尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或“期待效应”。暗示在本质上,是人的情感和观念,会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示,正是让你梦想成真的基石之一……在本文中是指自我期待对我们人生的影响,故B正确。
小题3:C 推理题。本文第一段中的这个例子就是为了向我们说明人们的心理期待对人生的影响。那些分类排名本来并不正确,但是它给了人们心理暗示,就应该按照那个顺序来排名,最终的结果与最先的期待基本类似。这个例子正是为了向我们表明心理暗示即期待对人有很多的影响的。故C项正确。
小题4:C 推理题。根据第二段最后两行But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins’ friend Pickering, it isn’t what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how she’s treated.说明是她被如何对待的方式改变了结果。故C项正确。
小题5:A 推理题。根据皮格马利翁效应,亦称“罗森塔尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或“期待效应”。暗示在本质上,是人的情感和观念,会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示,正是让你梦想成真的基石之一……说明如果我们要成功就要自己一定的心理暗示,故你要完成一个艰巨的任务,要对自己说我一定能行。故A项正确。
点评:本题介绍了心理学上的皮格马利翁效应,亦称“罗森塔尔效应(RobertRosenthal Effect)”或“期待效应”。暗示在本质上,是人的情感和观念,会不同程度地受到别人下意识的影响。人们会不自觉地接受自己喜欢、钦佩、信任和崇拜的人的影响和暗示。而这种暗示,正是让你梦想成真的基石之一……在本文中是指自我期待对我们人生的影响。要根据文章的中心思想即自我期待对人生会产生很大的影响,仔细的审题,并根据选项和文本内容作出适当的延伸判断。
核心考点
试题【An experiment was carried out at British school into the performance of new pupi】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Who chooses your friends?
Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?
Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?Your answers are welcome.
小题1:Many teenagers think that________can understand them better.
A.friends | B.brothers | C.sisters | D.parents |
A.stay alone at home | B.fight with their parents |
C.discuss it with their friends | D.go to their brothers and sisters for help |
A.You are welcome to discuss the questions with us. |
B.We’ve got no idea,so your answers are welcome. |
C.Your answers are always right. |
D.You can give us all the right answers. |
A.Parents should choose friends for their children. |
B.Children should choose everything they like. |
C.Parents should understand their children better. |
D.Teenagers should only go to their friends for help. |
In the survey,conducted by job seeking and offering website Zhaopin.com,32.8 percent of the 6000 respondents choose to stay home at weekends and have a good rest,the Beijing Morning Post reported.
Twenty percent use their days off to do housework. And only 19.3 percent are willing to have fun during the break time from work.Their first choice of fun is shopping. Other choices,though practiced by few,include meeting friends,accompanying the children,trips to the suburbs,and lessons for more skills. When they go shopping,54.5 percent of the white collars actually shop in supermarkets,while 27.9 percent attend other stores,especially when discounts are offered. These activities don’t seem to cost much,as 60 percent spend average less than 200 yuan(US$26)during weekends,and 30 percent no more than 500 yuan.
When asked whom they would spend the weekends with,about 40 percent mention their partners,and 30 percent prefer a weekend all by themselves.Less than 20 percent hang out with friends. Only 5.8 percent would kill the time with their colleagues.This is because we tend to avoid too many personal contacts with our coworkers when we don’t have to work with them,according to some experts.
小题1:How many of the office workers who are the respondents do the housework at weekends?
A.1968. | B.1158. | C.1200. | D.1674. |
A.Because they can’t spare time to play with them. |
B.Because they tend to avoid too many personal contacts with them when they don’t have to. |
C.Because they have many things to deal with at weekends. |
D.Because some experts suggest they should not keep in touch with their colleagues. |
A.There is the same percentage about people preferring a weekend all by themselves and people spending no more than 500 yuan during weekends. |
B.Most office workers can’t afford things in supermarkets,so they prefer to attend other stores,especially when discounts are offered. |
C.More than one fifth of office workers like to hang out with friends. |
D.All the office workers prefer to relax themselves and no one is willing to learn more skills. |
A.How to spend the weekends |
B.Several ways of spending their weekends for office people |
C.How to go shopping on the weekends for office people |
D.Office people prefer easy weekends |
Lloyd Carr was 62. That’s a few years earlier than retirement(退休) age in America and many years earlier than some college football coaches say goodbye. How was Carr, who coached University of Michigan, able to leave so easily?
“ It can be intoxicating,” Carr admits. “The Saturday afternoons and the crowds. And when you win, there’s nothing like it.”
But the job needs hard work. The pressure to win. The endless training. The hours are so long that sleeping at the office is a normal thing. I reported Carr’s career at Michigan from 1995 to 2007. I saw him run onto the field before 100,000 cheering fans, saw him enjoy a share of a national championship with a 12-0 season.
And when I visited him recently in retirement, the difference was noticeable. He seems much calmer, relaxed, more at peace. He says, “As much fun as it is, there’s a period when you have other things to deal with.”
Carr knew he wanted to travel, see the world, read more, do other work. He is now connected with a children’s hospital, does some speaking, plays golf, and enjoys relaxing with his wife, Laurie, and their many grandchildren.
Several of today’s big-name coaches are all about Carr’s retirement age. Nick Saban turns 59 this month. Jim Tressel is 57. Frank Beamer is already 63. None of them seems to be slowing down.
So when, I ask Carr, is the right moment to leave such a great job?
He thinks. Finally, he says, “When you love it and can still walk away from it. That’s the right moment.”
小题1:Lloyd Carr stopped working as a coach because he _______.
A.was too old | B.was injured seriously |
C.had other things to experience | D.followed others’ examples |
A.exciting | B.disappointing | C.surprising | D.puzzling |
A.was always free after retirement |
B.was a failure as a football coach |
C.missed the time when he coached |
D.enjoyed his retirement life very much |
A.a football player | B.Lloyd Carr’s assistant |
C.a retired coach | D.a sports reporter |
BUPA made the survey among 12,262 people from 12 countries over 2 months, starting in June 2010. The survey shows that 72 percent of international participants(参加者) aged over 65 don’t feel old and that 67 percent still feel healthy. On the other hand, 65 percent of Chinese feel old even before reaching 60. About one third of those surveyed in China said they have enough savings(存款), and 46 percent are insured(参加保险). Around 60 percent of the Chinese participants hope they will be taken care of by family members.
According to the survey, the French hold the most positive attitude towards getting old, with 32 percent of them considering age 80 and up old. 17 percent of Brazilians look forward to old age, compared with 3 percent globally. Indians are not bothered by old age, as 70 percent said that they don’t feel that they will be affected by old age and 71 percent say they have already made preparations for this stage of life. The illnesses that most people around the world are worried about are cancer and Alzheimer’s disease.
小题1:According to the survey, many Chinese people surveyed feel old before they are ______.
A.50 year old | B.60 years old |
C.70 years old | D.80 years old |
A.the government | B.family members |
C.insurance companies | D.healthcare providers |
A.The Indians. | B.The Brazilians |
C.The French | D.The Chinese |
A.Because they have got ready for old age. |
B.Because old people are respected in India. |
C.Because getting old means enjoying life. |
D.Because they will get more help from society. |
A company must have money to build factories and to buy machinery. To get this money, it sells shares of stock(股份). Each share of stock is a share in the ownership of the company. The person who buys a share of stock becomes a part owner of the company. He is called a stockholder. A company can have thousands of stockholders. Sometimes a very large company is owned by millions of stockholders.
Few persons can afford to buy a whole company, but the average individual can become part owner of a business. He can save his dollars and buy a share of stock in a large company. A person does not have to be wealthy to be a stockholder.
When a company makes money, each stockholder may receive a dividend(股息) check, which is his share of the profits(利润). Parts of a company’s profits are not paid out to the stockholders. This money is used by the company so it can grow larger. If the company does well, its shares of stock become more valuable.
More than 20 million people own shares of stock in America’s companies. By owning stock, they are helping America’s businesses grow. They are also putting their money to work to earn more money.
小题1:The story makes you think that _____.
A.a farmer is not allowed to buy the shares of stock |
B.if a company does well, its shares of stock have no value |
C.a person may own a part of the company that makes TV sets |
D.the only people who can buy stocks are those who are wealthy |
A.company’s profits |
B.company’s savings |
C.company’s income |
D.products made by the company |
A.They want to buy the shares of stock, too. |
B.They cannot find all the names of their stockholders. |
C.They use the money to help the company grow larger. |
D.They think they have sent their stockholders enough money. |
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