题目
题型：湖北省高考真题难度：来源：
of water per day survive in a desert environment?
In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert
elephant does just that.
Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant, the desert cousin differs in
many ways. Their bodies are smaller, to absorb less heat, and their feet are larger for easier walking across
sandy surfaces, They are taller, to reach higher branches. They have shorter tusks (象牙), and most
importantly, longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.
Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and have
a larger group of families. They drink only every 3-4 days, and can store water in a "bag" at the back of
their throat, which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders-they seldom root
up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. Young elephants
may even eat the dung (粪便) of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage.
During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase
greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine (尿液) to make them muddy!
As we continue to overheat our weak planet, it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as
extraordinarily well to change as the desert elephant.
B. drinks 120 liters of water a day
C. manages to live in desert areas
D. eats 150 kilograms of food daily
B. drink only every 3-4 days
C. search for food in large groups
D. protect food sources for their young
B. facts and descriptions
C. examples and conclusion
D. evidence and argument
B. Not all animal species are so adaptable.
C. The planet will become hotter and hotter.
D. Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilogr】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
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fact that such fears are common and normal doesn"t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears
and phobias (恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well
as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything－a kind of childhood
anxiety. Dr. Creswell says: "Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence
in his or her ability to deal with any challenge." So don"t make the same old mistake of treating them as if
they"re silly for being a "scaredy cat". Handling the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and, if you have such a baby, you"ll tend to prevent them from getting
worried. So if they fear dogs, you"ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child
that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into
a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive
environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: "You shouldn"t force, for example, a dog
anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of,
stroke (抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog－one that"s good
with children, of course－then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them
for "being brave"."
B. their influence is psychological
C. they exist widely in the world
D. they will disappear gradually
B. overcome them by themselves
C. experience the worst of things
D. grow up lacking self confidence
B. show the child how to approach it
C. keep the child away from it
D. ask the child to stroke it
out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a
certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.
Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself,
each extra dollar makes less and less difference.
Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and
happiness is complex. In the past half-century, average income has sharply increased in developed countries,
yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems
to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues.
"Dollars buy status, and status makes people feel better," conclude some experts, which helps explain
why people who can seek status in other ways－scientists or actors, for example－may happily accept
relatively poorly-paid jobs.
In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desire－not just for money, but for
friends, family, job, health－rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those
who felt a smaller gap (差距). Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than
income alone. "The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income." Says Michalos.
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad. "Given all the problems
of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied?" asks Professor Laura Carstensen.
In one survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill
out an emotions questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young
people, but negative emotions much less often.
Why are old people happier? Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn
to live with it, or they"re more realistic about their goals, only setting ones that they know they can achieve.
But Carstensen thinks that with times running out, older people have learned to focus on things that make
them happy and let go of those that don"t.
"People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever," she says. "A
goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional
responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20."
B. increases gradually with age
C. has little to do with wealth
D. is measured by desires
B. provide chances to make friends
C. improve their social position
D. satisfy their professional interests
B. successful
C. practical
D. emotional
B. they have a stronger desire for friendship
C. their income is below their expectation
D. the hope for good health is greater
more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed,
this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each
new computer boats (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an
airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they
have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists
and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientist; too much use may transmit
harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so
accustomed constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time.
Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take
us into another world.
There was a time when some people"s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care
of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There
is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks
our ancestor faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from
wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
B. time is limited
C. the prices are increasingly high
D. the manufactures boast a lot
B. Simple life in the past.
C. Times of inventions.
D. Time for constant activity.
B. Objective.
C. Optimistic.
D. Negative.
B. Machinery and human beings.
C. Imaginations and inventions.
D. Modern technology and its influence.
a conversation? Fortunately, you"ve get a thing that sends out energy at tiny chips in everyone"s name tag
(标签). The chips send back name, job, hobbies, and the time available for meeting-whatever. Making
new friends becomes simple.
This hasn"t quite happened in real life. But the world is already experiencing a revolution using RFID
technology.
An RFID tag with a tiny chip can be fixed in a product, under your pet"s skin, even under your own
skin. Passive RFID tags have no energy source - batteries because they do not need it. The energy comes
from the reader, a scanning device (装置), that sends out energy (for example, radio waves) that starts
up the tag immediately.
Such a tag carries information specific to that object, and the data can be updated. Already, RFID
technology is used for recognizing each car or truck on the road and it might appear in your passport.
Doctors can put a tiny chip under the skin that will help locate and obtain a patient"s medical records. At
a nightclub in Paris or in New York the same chip gets you into the VIP (very important person ) section
and pays for the bill with the wave of an arm.
Take a step back: 10 or 12 years ago, you would have heard about the coming age of computing. One
example always seemed to surface: Your refrigerator would know when you needed to buy more milk. The
concept was that computer chips could he put every where and send information in smart network that
would make ordinary life simpler.
RFID tags are a small part of this phenomenon. "The world is going to he a loosely coupled set of
individual small devices, connected wirelessly." Predicts Dr. J. Reich. Human right supporters are nervous
about the possibilities of such technology. It goes too far tracking school kids through RFID tags, they say.
We imagine a world in which a beer company could find out not only when you bought a beer but also
when you drank it. And how many beers, Accompanied by how many biscuits.
When Marconi invented radio, he thought it would be used for ship-to-shore communication, not for
pop music. Who knows how RFID and related technologies will be used in the future. Here"s a wild guess:
Not for buying milk.
B. explain the benefits brought about by RFID technology
C. convince people of the uses of RFID technology
D. predict the applications of RFID technology
B. will have more energy for conversation
C. will have more time to make friends
D. won"t feel shy at parties any longer
B. radio waves
C. batteries
D. chips
B. Because market competition will become more fierce.
C. Because their private lives will be greatly affected.
D. Because customers will be forced to buy more products.
B. will be widely used, including for buying milk
C. will be limited to communication uses
D. will probably be used for pop music
way many North Americans interact (互动) these days. The term is "networked individualism". This
concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be
individuals (个体) and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.
Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social
networks included live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and friends. Some of the interaction was
by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.
A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people,
electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to- person interaction. However, a lot
of people interviewed for the Pew study say that"s a good thing. Why?
In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated (孤立) us and caused us to spend too
much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true.
The Internet connects us with more real people than expected - helpful people who can give advice on
careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans
told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions.
Thanks to the computer, we are able to be alone and together with other people-at the same time!
B. have the rights and freedom to do things of their own interest
C. do things in their own ways and express opinions different from other people
D. are able to keep to themselves but at the same time reach out to other people
B. Friends.
C. Phones.
D. Parents.
B. the Internet makes people waste a lot of time and feel very lonely
C. the Internet has become a tool for a new kind of social communication
D. a lot of people regard the person-to-person communication as a good thing
B. We"re Communicating on the Internet.
C. We"re Alone Together on the Internet.
D. We"re in the Imaginary World of the Internet.
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