题目
题型：四川省高考真题难度：来源：
thought that this couldn"t be helped, but new studies show that people of any age can train their brains
to work faster. "Your brain is a learning machine," says University of California scientist Dr. Michael
Merzenich. Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger.
All that"s required is the practice designed just for the purpose: a few exercises for the mind.
Merzenich has developed a computer-based training method to speed up the process(过程) in which
the brain deals with information (positscience.com). Since much of the data we receive comes through
Over the course of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish (辨别) sounds (between "dog"
and "bog", for example) at an increasingly faster speed. It"s a bit like tennis instructor, says Merzenich,
hitting balls at you ~faster and faster to keep you challenged (受到挑战). You may start out slow, but before
long you"re pretty quick.
The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If
you ask your brain to learn, it will learn. And it may even speed up while in the process.
To keep your brain young and plastic you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite
you: playing table tennis or bridge, doing crossword puzzles, learning a language.... "When it comes to
preventing ageing, you really do "use it or lose it"," says Barbara Sahakian, professor at Cambridge University.
B. computer languages
C. the activities one joins in
D. the information being dealt with
B. mastered
C. developed
D. researched
B. Brain research started ten yeas ago.
C. Dr. Merzenich is a scientist in computer.
D. People believed nothing could stop the brain slowing down.
B. People should use the brain to stop it from ageing.
C. The training of the brain should start at an early age.
D. It"s necessary to take part in as many activities as possible.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Sorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the Cruelty y】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
out, they attend to their feelings. As thoughts go through their minds. they let them go. Breathe. Let go.
Breathe. Let go.
According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of
training in this kind of meditation causes a market change in how the brain allocates (分配) attention. It
appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly
changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching
such fast-changing stimuli (刺激), like facial expressions.
The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can
learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice. everything from driving to playing the piano. The study
has shown that meditation is good for the brain, It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of
well-being.
In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three
months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day. A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for
20 minutes a day over the same period. Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group
of letters. As both group looked for the numbers, their brain activity was recorded.
Everyone could catch the first number. But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced
mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number. Those with
more experience gave less attention to the first number. as if letting it go, which led to an increased ability
to grasp the second number, This shows that attention can change with practice.
Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study. " I am a much better
listener," he said. "I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying."
B. minds
C. people
D. thoughts
B. allocate their attention better
C. have more stimuli for life
D. practice them more frequently
B. were used to memorizing numbers in groups
C. usually ignored the first number observed
D. paid more attention to numbers than to letters
B. brain activity can be recorded
C. human attention can be trained
D. mediators have a good sense of hearing
Internet. However, you can also find many weather signs among wildlife, because of their highly developed
senses. Drops in air pressure (压力) produce an effect on small animals in many ways. Mice and deer are
good weather indicators. People who spend a lot of time outdoors have observed that, before a storm, field
mice come out of their holes and run around. Deer leave high ground and come down from the mountains.
Birds are especially good weather indicators because they also show the effect of a pressure drop in many
ways. For example, some birds become irritable (急躁的) and quarrelsome and will fight over a piece of bread.
Other birds chirp (叽叽喳喳) and sing just before a storm. It seems they know they won"t get another chance
for an hour or two. Birds also seek safe places before a storm. You will sometimes see birds settling in trees
or gathering together on a wire close to a building. Pre-storm low pressure makes the air so thin that birds
have difficulty flying.
It is unusual to see many birds flying overhead in the summertime, rather than during the periods in the
spring or autumn. Watch for other weather signs if you see this. If they fly in the wrong direction, they may
be flying ahead of a storm.
By paying closer attention to some important signs in nature, we can become better prepared for any kind
of weather.
B. services
C. signs
D. stations
B. fly in different directions
C. come down from tall trees
D. share a piece of bread
B. By noticing the change of wind directions.
C. By feeling a drop in air pressure.
D. By noticing the movements of other animals.
B. Drops in Air Pressure
C. Animals" Sharp Senses
D. Nature"s Weather Signs
hardly know a time when computers weren"t around, and they eagerly catch the chance to spend hours online,
chatting with friends, So what?
But researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated (孤寂), less skillful at
person-to-person relationships, and perhaps numb (麻木) to the cheatings that are so much a part of the e-mail
world. "And a teen"s sense of self and values may be changed in a world where personal connections can be
limitless,"said Sherry Turkle.
Another researcher, Robert Kraut, said he"s worried about the "opportunity costs" (机会成本) of so much
online time for youths. He found that teens who used computers, even just a few hours a week, showed
increased signs of loneliness and social isolation. "Chatting online may be better than watching television, but
it"s worse than hanging out (闲逛) with real friends," he said.
Today"s teens, however, don"t see anything strange in the fact that the computer takes up a central place in
their social lives, "School is busy and full of pressure. There"s almost no time to just hang out." said Parker Rice,
17. "Talking online is just catch-up time."
Teens say they feel good about what they say online or taking the time to think about a reply. Some teens
admit that asking someone for a date, or breaking up, can be easier in message form, though they don"t want
to do so. But they insist there"s no harm.
B. nothing is wrong with teens" chatting online
C. teens can manage their social connections
D. spending hours online does much good to teens
B. improve their school work
C. develop an interest in social skills
D. reduce their mental pressures
B. teens" computer skills and school work
C. the effects of the computer world on teens
D. different opinions on teens" chatting online
B. draw attention to teens" computer habits
C. suggest ways to deal with problem teens
D. discuss problems teens have at school
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.
Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark"s ability to sense pressure.
If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad
weather.
Miss Smith had previously studied the behaviour of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.
She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University.
Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the observation
that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.
Miss Smith said: "I"ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks."
"I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there"s so much more we
need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research."
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.
At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and
temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal (潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish----
none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic (模拟) oceanic pressure changes
caused by weather fronts.
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which
will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.
B. a popular science magazine
C. a research paper
D. a personal diary
B. Sharks" behaviour can be controlled.
C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.
D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.
B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts
C. recording sharks" body temperature
D. monitoring sharks" reaction to weather changes
B. A new research effort in predicting storms.
C. Biologists" interest in the secrets of sharks.
D. Lauren Smith"s devotion to scientific research.
totally unsuitable for human existence. People won"t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible
environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won"t be safe. Can
anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?
Steve Minear, UK
Here are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement
of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is
another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.
Donal Trollop, Canada
There are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there
will be a human colony (殖民地) on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that two-way trips to the
red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space flight is in the launches (发射) and landings.
Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way
to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.
Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will be sent to
the new colony. Mars has all the materials for a colony to produce or make everything it needs, and Mars is
far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.
Paul Davies. USA
B. to invite an answer to his question
C. to explain the natural state of Mars
D. to show his agreement on going to Mars
B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.
C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.
D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.
B. two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soon
C. it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to Mars
D. it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars
B. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.
C. Humans can produce everything they need.
D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars.
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