题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The study divided the patients into three groups. In Group A, a dog and a person visited each patient for twelve minutes. Patients in Group B received just a human visitor for twelve minutes. And members of Group C received no visitor, human or canine(犬的).
The dogs would lie on the hospital bed so the heart patients could touch them. The researchers say some patients immediately smiled and talked to the dog and the human visitor. Dogs, in her words, “make people happier, calmer and feel more loved.”
The researchers examined the patients before, during and after the visits. They measured stress levels based on blood flow and heart activity. They say they found a twenty-four percent decrease in the group visited by both a dog and a person. They reported a ten percent decrease in the group visited by a person only. There was no change in the patients without any visit. These patients, however, did have an increase in their production of the hormone epinephrine (epinephrine肾上腺素). The body produces epinephrine during times of stress.
The increase was an average of seven percent. But the study found that patients who spent time with a dog had a seventeen percent drop in their levels of epinephrine. Patients visited by a human but not a dog also had a decrease, but only two percent.
小题1:The author believes that _______.
| A．the dog can take the place of most medicines |
| B．the dog is the most popular pet for man |
| C．the findings of the research cannot be trusted |
| D．visits by a human work better than visits by a dog |
小题3:From the research findings we may conclude that _______.
| A．the less the body produces epinephrine, the better |
| B．the longer a visit lasts, the happier the patient should be |
| C．the patients enjoyed the dogs’ company more than the human visitors’ |
| D．it’s impossible for heart patients to recover without dogs’ visits |
| A．Worried Heart Patients | B．Epinephrine and Stress |
| C．Good Friend to the Heart | D．Three Groups of Patients |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:C
解析
小题1:推理判断题。本题要求根据作者的遣词用句和表述方式判断其情感态度，这是对
较高层次的阅读能力的考查。A选项有些言过其实: 作者虽认同狗在病人康复过程中的
积极作用，但没有表明它可以取代药物；透过全文的字里行间，可以看出作者对该项研
究成果的极大兴趣和深度认同，故排除C项；仔细研究第4、5段提供的数据，可知狗
的探视比人的探视给病人提供的安慰更多，故排除D项；文章首句中known as man’s best
friend表面上似乎是陈述事实，实际上在字里行间表明了他（她）也认为狗是人类最好
的朋友。
小题2:图表题。将文字信息转化为图表信息是考查阅读理解能力的很好的
题型。根据文章第2段和第4段，A组病人接受了狗和人的共同探视，其心理压力指数下降
了24％；B组病人只接受了人的探视，其心理压力指数下降了10％；C组病人没有得到任
何探视，其心理压力指数没有改变。图A正确地描述了上述信息。其他图便不必再深究了。
小题3:归纳推理题。做这类题要特别注意将推理基于文章的信息之上，把握
好度。根据本文可知：人在经受不同程度的精神压力时，身体会生产肾上腺素，平均增
加7％。压力缓解，肾上腺素便下降。但未说明人体生产的肾上腺素越少越好。事实上，
根据医学常识，适量的肾上腺素对人体有着积极作用，故排除A项；文章没有说明探视
的效果与探视时间的关系，因而不可盲目做出结论，故排除B项；D项显然言过其实；
认真研究第4、5段提供的数据，可知C项正确。
小题4:归纳主旨题。选项A意为“着急的心脏病患者”，不能表达本文主旨；选项A意为“肾上腺素和压力”，只是本文中的枝节信息；选项D意为“三组病人”，而本文并非主要谈论病人的情况；选项C意为“心脏的好友”，既表达了本文主旨，又生动新颖，引人注意。
核心考点
试题【A new study finds that the animal known as man’s best friend can also be a good 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.
Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.
Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(贫穷) caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.
Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.
As historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(发表) them in books and on the Internet.
小题1:The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to .
| A．beauties | B．photos | C．goods | D．events |
| A．are also works of art | B．are popular ways of reporting news |
| C．often shock the public | D．can serve as a force for social change |
| A．News with pictures is encouraging. | B．Photos help people improve |
| C．News photos mean history in a sense. | D．People prefer reading news with pictures. |
| A．telling the story through picture | B．decorating the walls of homes |
| C．publishing historical papers | D．expressing feeling through pictures |
This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?
The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing – the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn’t write anything on the board.
The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次) of meaning . Some layers are simple, clean, and on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn’t happen much in undergraduate(本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文科学).
Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”
But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this; All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they cam teach better.
小题1:What do we know about this unusual class?
| A．The teachers did lots of writing on the board |
| B．The teacher were invited to attend several lectures. |
| C．The student were professors from a university |
| D．The students were studying science and humanities. |
| A．how to teach the students in the science class |
| B．whether poetry is difficult for science students |
| C．what to be taught in the humanities class |
| D．why many humanities students find science hard. |
| A．important for graduate students in humanities |
| B．difficult for graduate students in humanities |
| C．common for undergraduate students in science |
| D．easy for undergraduate students in science. |
| A．They should change the way they teach |
| B．A poem could be explained in clear definitions. |
| C．A poetry class could be more informative. |
| D．Their teaching was an enjoyable experience. |
I always had the dream to dance like a beautiful ballerina（芭蕾舞女演员）turning around and around and hearing people applaud for me. When I was young, I would turn around and around in the fields of wildflowers that grew in my backyard.
Reality woke me up when I heard someone saying, "I don"t know why you bother trying to dance. Ballerinas are pretty and slender(苗条) girls. Besides, you don"t have the talent to even be a ballerina." I remember how those words hurt every feeling in my body. I fell to the ground and wept for hours.
I enjoyed hanging out by the water. I would sit there for hours and stare at my reflection(倒影). There I was, looking nothing like a pretty ballerina dancer. Reflections don"t lie. Once the waves would come, my reflection was washed away just like my dream to dance.
As I grew older, I began to realize that the reason my dream was even born was because it was something that was inside of me. The dream I had was never nurtured(培育) and cared for, so it slowly died. It"s not that I wanted it to die, but I allowed it to die the day I started listening to the words, "You can"t do it." When I finally woke up from many years of dreaming, I realized that you can"t only settle for dancing in the wildflowers, you have to move on to the platform.
小题1: Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage？
| A．Care for your dream |
| B．Dream and reality |
| C．Nothing is impossible |
| D．Efforts to be a ballerina will pay |
| A．she was bored of dancing and performing |
| B．she had lack of self-respect |
| C．her health conditions allowed her dream to die |
| D．she was deeply affected by others easily |
| A．the author was once a pretty and slender girl with wonderful dream. |
| B．we should dare to give up our dream facing much pressure and difficulty |
| C．if you stick to your dream and never say die, you will enjoy a bright life |
| D．You should necer give up. |
| A．to complain | B．to praise | C．to warn | D．to criticize |
| A．turn down | B．take up | C．give up | D．settle down |
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors. Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to affect the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later outputs knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences.
小题1:The author thinks “Learning”in the passage most refers to_________.
| A．life-long learning | B．family learning |
| C．learning after graduation | D．behavior learning |
| A．teachers | B．classmates | C．doctors | D．brothers or sisters |
| A．After they go int society |
| B．Before they enter school |
| C．When they are at school |
| D．Before they are born |
| A．As a matter of fact, learning begins with formal school education |
| B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students. |
| C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors. |
| D．Employers should study the principles of learning to manage their workers well. |
| A．learning is closely related to memory and experience |
| B．psychologists are interested in the wat the brain stores knowledge |
| C．psychologists are more interested in a person’s behavior |
| D．the relationship between learning, brain and behavior |
Many boys and girls dress alike in school. They were blue jeans and sport shirts. Some have long hair and some have short hair. Sometimes a boy has longer hair than a girl.
Even the language is different. Students learn to say fire fighter instead of fireman, police officer instead of policeman, and letter carrier instead of mailman. A person does not need to be a man to fight a fire or to deliver the mail.
Most people think that these changes are good. They give all people an equal chance to be happy and to do what they want to do with their lives. Fathers like to tell their sons that they can grow up to be president. Today, mothers can tell the same things to there daughters.
小题1:Students in American schools learn to say police officer instead of policeman because____.
| A．boys don’t like to be a policeman |
| B．girls don’t like to be a policeman |
| C．police officer sounds better than policeman |
| D．a police officer can be a policeman or policwoman |
| A．there were many differences between boys and girls |
| B．boys could do everything but girls couldn’t |
| C．boys and girls were the same in everything |
| D．girls only learned how to sew and cook |
| A．American schools | B．these changes | C．most people | D．American students |
| A．Milkman | B．Postman | C．Writer | D．Reporter |
| A．Surprising | B．Strange | C．Good | D．Bad |
最新试题
- 1FU Yuan has been left at home with his grandparents since he
- 2已知y1=x+3，y2=2-x，当x取何值时，y1比2y2大5．
- 3已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+c和一次函数g(x)=－bx，其中a、b、c满足a>b>c,a+b+c=
- 4I can"t understand this passage, _____ there are no new word
- 5如图所示的圆锥摆中，摆球在水平面上作匀速圆周运动，关于摆球的受力情况，下列说法中正确的是( )A．摆球受重力、拉力
- 6美国独立战争胜利的根本原因是[ ]A．国际援助B．武器先进 C．战术灵活 D．人民支持
- 7阅读下面的文字，完成后面题目。地震学研究和地震预测地震学的研究起源于人类抵御地震灾害的需要。中国古代关于地震的记载是很丰
- 8Mum, I"m feeling even _______ than yesterday. [ ]A. bad
- 9（3-1）（3+1）-（-12）0+（-1）2008-（-2）-2．
- 10在下列方程中，有实数根的是[ ]A.x2+3x+1=0 B.=-1 C.x2+2x+3=0 D.
热门考点
- 1Some of our industrial products may well be said ________ ad
- 22008年9月25日，我国航天事业又迎来一个历史性时刻，我国自行研制的 _______载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空
- 3安妥明是一种降血脂及抗动脉硬化的药物，它可以用如图所示方法合成．其中物质C不能发生银镜反应，物质B是常见的有机溶剂，部分
- 4实验室选用如图所示装置制取气体，根据要求回答下列问题．（1）指出图中标号仪器的名称①______②______（2）用高
- 5一个成年人正常步行的速度最接近于（ ）A．5m/sB．1.4m/sC．30km/hD．10cm/s
- 6按要求完成1～2题。 家，是一桌热气腾腾的饭菜，你一推开门就用香味把你紧紧来拥抱；家，是夜归时窗口亮起的灯，瞬间消散你
- 7已知数列．若（），（），则能使成立的的值可能是A．14B．15C．16 D．17
- 8第二次世界大战后，亚洲、非洲掀起了民族解放运动的高潮，下列国家中最先独立的是[ ]A．中国B．印度C．埃及D．阿
- 9甲、乙、丙、丁、戊五人站在一排，要求甲、乙均不与丙相邻，不同排法有（ ）A．24种B．36种C．54种D．7
- 10绿色植物进行光合作用时，不需要 A．二氧化碳B．光C．水D．氧气