题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Fish have ears. Really. They’re quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths (耳石).
As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙). By looking through a microscope and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get daily rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish’s age, just like the growth rings of a tree.
Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They’re examining the chemical elements (元素) of each otolith ring.
The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.
Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.
In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.
This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.
小题1:What can we learn about fish ears from the text?
| A．They are small soft rings. |
| B．They are not seen from the outside. |
| C．They are openings only on food fish. |
| D．They are not used to receive sound. |
| A．Trees gain a growth ring each day. |
| B．Trees also have otoliths. |
| C．Their growth rings are very small. |
| D．They both have growth rings. |
| A．The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea. |
| B．Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim. |
| C．We can know more about fish and their living environment. |
| D．Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is. |
| A．They are very interested in Thorrold’s research findings. |
| B．They want to know where they can find fish. |
| C．They lend their fish for chemical studies. |
| D．They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears. |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:A
解析
核心考点
试题【Fish Ears Tell Fish Tales Fish have ears. Really. They’re quite small and have】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Lenny had always thought of himself as a 39 person. He got worried before examinations. He worried about his job and health. All he wanted in life was to be safe and healthy. Then on January 15th, 2002, a plane crashed into the Potomac River in Washington. Lenny happened to see a woman in the ice-cold water. He did not feel afraid. He 40 very calm and did a very dangerous thing. He jumped into the Potomac, 41 to the woman, and kept her head 42 the water. Seventy-eight people died that day. Thanks to Lenny, it was not 43 .
When you are in a very dangerous situation and feel afraid, the body automatically(自动地) produces a chemical called adrenalin in the blood. With adrenalin in the blood system, you actually feel stronger and stronger and are 44 to fight or run away. However, when you are terrified greatly, the body can produce too much adrenalin. 45 this happens, the muscles become very hard. You are then paralyzed (麻木) with fear. This is why when we are extremely frightened, we sometimes say we are “petrified”. This word 46 a Greek word “petros”, which means “stone”. We are 47 frightened that we become stonelike.
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She poured tea. There were four of them and there were four totally different cups on the table.
They took their tea cups.
“What quote?” Mary asked.
“Well, maybe I should rather say it is a story,” aunt said, “I heard that there was a wise teacher who took all his students for tea. They were surprised that all the cups on the table were different. Each of them took a cup and started drinking their tea, each looking at the cups of others. The teacher let them do that for a while and then said,‘ Do you notice your behavior? You are all looking at each other’s tea cup and I can see some of you with the broken ones are even envious(羡慕的) of the finer cups of others. Is this not so?’ ”
The students agreed, amused by their own behavior.
“You may have wondered why you all had different cups, but I put them here on purpose. You see they represent (代表) life itself. Life is like that tea and the cups are like the physical circumstances(状况) of your life. You all got the same thing in your cups — tea. And yet you can not truly enjoy it in your envy of another’s cup. It’s just the same with life. You forget to enjoy your own life when you concentrate on envying the circumstances of someone else’s life.
So now, close your eyes, and taste your own tea. Really taste it. And tell me — did it matter from which cup it came from?”
Aunt finished telling her short tea story and they all sat in silence for a while, tasting their tea. A sleepy fly buzzed(嗡嗡作响) past, a bird sang in the tree. And it really did not matter one bit from which tea cup they drank.
小题1: When the students found they had different tea cups, they_____________.
| A．were satisfied with their own cup |
| B．were angry about the broken cups they had been given |
| C．asked the teacher to get new cups for them |
| D．were curious about the difference between the cups |
| A．the teacher prepared different tea cups for each student |
| B．the teacher should have given the students the same cups |
| C．the teacher made the tea cups different by mistake. |
| D．each student took their time to choose a cup they liked |
| A．should try different ways of life |
| B．shouldn’t focus on envy others’ physical circumstances |
| C．can never change their physical circumstances |
| D．should work hard for a better life |
| A．life is hard and boring for everyone |
| B．it is strange to be envious of the lives of others |
| C．everyone should learn to enjoy his own life |
| D．people act differently in different circumstances |
| A．More than tea in a cup | B．The value of tea |
| C．Tea vs cup | D．Enjoying tea with a broken cup |
These printed things 38 newspapers but have hardly anything to do with 39 . You can only find reading materials badly made up there---some are too strange for anyone to 40 , others are frightening stories of something 41 .However, many of the young readers are getting interested in such 42 reading, which 43 them what they should pay for their breakfast and brings them nightmares（噩梦）and immoral（邪恶）ideas in 44 . Homework is left 45 , and daily games are lost.
These sellers shout on streets selling their papers well. The writers, publishers and printers, 46 they are, we never know, are 47 their silent money.
The sheep-skinned wolf’s story seems to have been forgotten once again .Why not 48 this kind of thing? Yes, both teachers and parents have asked each other for more strict control of the young readers. 49 ,the more you want to forbid it, the more they want to have a look at it. 50 you may even find several children, driven by the curious natures, 51 one patched paper, which has travelled from hand to hand.
It really does 52 to our society. It has already formed a sort of moral pollution. The 53 teachers and parents need more powerful support in their protection of the young generation. At the same time the young 54 need more interesting books to help them 55 those ugly papers.
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In the 19th century the dominance(统治地位) of Oxford and Cambridge was challenged by the rise of the civic(城市的) universities， such as London， Manchester， and Birmingham. Following the lead of the 18th century German universities and responding to a public demand for increased opportunity for higher education， Britain’s new civic universities quickly acquired recognition—not only in technological fields but also in the fine and liberal arts.
Many new post-school technical colleges were founded in the early 20th century. The Fisher Act of 1918 empowered the local authorities to levy(征收) a rate (tax) to finance such colleges. The universities， on the other hand， received funds from the central government through the University Grants Committee， established in 1911 and recognized in 1920， after World War I.
A new type of technical college was established in the 1960s—the polytechnic， which provides mainly technological courses of university level as well as courses of a general kind in the arts and sciences. Polytechnics are chartered to award degrees validated(使有效) by a Council for National Academic Awards.
Thus， the third level in the United Kingdom is made up of colleges of further education， technical colleges， polytechnics， and universities. The colleges offer full-time and part-time courses beyond compulsory-school level. Polytechnics and universities are mainly responsible for degrees and research. The innovative Open University， with its flexible admission policy and study arrangements， opened in 1971. It uses various media to provide highly accessible and flexible higher education for working adults and other part-time students. It serves as an organizational model and provides course-materials for similar institutions in other countries.
Changes in British education in the second half of the 20th century have， without changing the basic values in the system， extended education by population， level， and content. New areas for expansion include immigrant cultural groups and multicultural content， the accommodation of special needs， and the development of tools and content in the expanding fields of microelectronics.
小题1:The first paragraph is written to explain of further education.
| A．the development | B．the history |
| C．the definition | D．the prospects(前景) |
| A．replaced the dominance of Oxford and Cambridge |
| B．provided further education for all the people who need it |
| C．met the increased demand of the public for higher education |
| D．immediately followed the establishment of polytechnic colleges |
| A．were completely free of charge |
| B．were usually financed by local taxes |
| C．depended mainly on students’ tuition(学费) |
| D．received funds from the central government |
| A．only for adult students |
| B．part-time rather than full-time |
| C．non-vocational rather than vocational |
| D．created for both young people and adults |
| A．British Further Education |
| B．Changes in British Education |
| C．Polytechnics and Universities in Britain |
| D．Less Opportunity for Higher Education |
Cats lick（舔）themselves to keep their fur clean. Have you ever watched a pet cat clean itself?
Elephants take baths much as you do. But instead of jumping into the tub（浴缸）, they walk into a river or lake.
Pigs also like to roll around in water. This keeps them clean and cool. If there is no clean water, they will roll in mud（泥）on a hot day. They do this to cool off. Pigs do not really like mud. They are happier in a nice, clean pond(水池).
Bats have a funny way to keep clean. They lick their thumbs to clean their ears!
Guess how polar bears clean themselves. They use snow, of course!
Some animals take baths in dust instead of water! The wombat(毛鼻袋熊) is an Australian animal with lots of fur. To get clean, it lies down. Then it covers itself with sand!
Birds clean themselves in many ways. Sometimes they wash in water. That’s why some people put birdbaths in their yard. At other times birds take dust baths, just like wombats. Birds also use their beaks（喙）to keep their feathers clean. They use their beaks the way you use a comb.
Sometimes a bird has itchy bugs（发痒的虫子）in its feathers. Birds may use ants to help them clean off the bugs. A bird will lie down on an ant nest. Then the ants will crawl on the bird. The ants make a kind of bug spray（喷雾）on the feathers;. Then the itchy bugs die!
Birds take baths in something else besides dust and ants! Some birds take “smoke baths” They sit on chimneys. They wave their wings in the smoke!
小题1:This passage mainly tells us .
| A．why some people put birdbaths in their yard | B．why birds allow ants to crawl on their body |
| C．how animals cool off on hot days | D．how some animals keep clean |
| A．Licking itself. | B．Lying down on ants. |
| C．Rolling in nice, thick mud. | D．Taking a bath in clean water. |
| A．Cats. | B．Bats. | C．Wombats. | D．Ants. |
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