题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Scientists have discovered that living to the age of 100 may have nothing to do with the lifestyle you lead and everything to do with the type of genes you have.
For the lucky carriers of “Methuselah” genes, worries over smoking, eating unhealthily and not getting enough exercise may not be as necessary as to those of us without the special gene pattern (组合).
The “Methuselah” genes could give extra protection against the diseases of old age such as cancer and heart disease. They could also protect people against the effects of the unhealthy lifestyles that we believe will lead us to an early death, scientists say. However, the genes are very rare.
The genes include ADIPOQ, which is found in about 10 percent of young people but in nearly 30 percent of people living past 100. They also include the CETP and the ApoC3 genes, which are found in 10 percent of young people, but in about 20 percent of people over 100 years old.
Some of those genes were discovered by a research group at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, led by Professor Nir Barzilai. The team studied the genes of over 500 people over 100 years old, and their children.
The studies show that tiny mutations (变异) in the make-up of some genes can greatly increase a person’s lifespan (寿命). Barzilai told a Royal Society conference that the discovery of such genes gave scientists clear targets for developing drugs that could prevent age-related diseases, allow people to live longer and stay healthy.
David Gems, a researcher at University College London, believes that drugs to slow ageing will become widespread.
“If we know which genes control longevity (长寿) then we can … target them with drugs. That makes it possible to slow down ageing,” he told The Times.
“Much of the pain and suffering in the world are caused by ageing. If we can find a way to reduce that, then we are obliged (义不容辞的) to take it.”
小题1:According to the article, which of the following is the most important if a person is to live to the age of 100?
A.Eating healthy food every day. | B.Having the right types of genes. |
C.Having a healthy lifestyle. | D.Taking drugs that prevent ageing. |
A.10% | B.20% | C.30% | D.50% |
A.The team studied the genes of over 100 people over 100 years of age. |
B.The researchers found that mutations in certain genes lead to longer life. |
C.The researchers found ways to develop drugs that could cure age-related diseases. |
D.The study suggested that most people have genes that could lengthen their lives. |
A.drugs to slow ageing will be very expensive |
B.modern science will be able to find more longevity genes |
C.it is the duty of medical scientists to fight the problems of ageing |
D.scientists can make new genes that will allow longer life |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:C
解析
核心考点
试题【Good Genes Mean Long LifeScientists have discovered that living to the age of 10】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191213/20191213124053-58918.gif)
Graph 1: Olympic Cities Air Quality Report
City | Date | API | Major Pollutant | Air Quality Degree | Quality Condition |
Beijing | Sep. 8 | 37 | N/A | Ⅰ | Very good |
Qinhuangdao | Sep. 8 | 52 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
Qingdao | Sep. 8 | 68 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
Shanghai | Sep. 8 | 67 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
Shenyang | Sep. 8 | 88 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
Tianjin | Sep. 8 | 54 | PM10 | Ⅱ | Good |
Graph 2: Chinese National Standard
API Values | Levels of health concern | Colors |
When the API is in this range: | ...air quality co![]() | ...as symbolized by this color: |
0 to 50 | Very good | Blue |
51 to 100 | Good | Green |
101 to 150 | Slight pollution | Yellow |
151 to 200 | Moderate pollution | Orange |
201 to 250 | Medium pollution | Red |
251 to 300 | High pollution | Purple |
301 to 500 | Hazardous | Brown |
**API stands for Air Pollution Index(指数).
**Particulate matter (PM10) is a major component of air pollution that threatens both our health and our environment. It consists of very small liquid and solid particles floating in the air.
**Sulfur dioxide(SO2) acts as an acid.Inhalation(吸入) results in labored breathing, coughing, or a sore throat and may cause permanent lung damage.
小题1:According to Graph 1, which of the following cities has the worst air pollution?
A.Qinhuangdao. | B.Tianjin. |
C.Qingdao | D.Shenyang. . |
A.Moderate or high. | B.Moderate or slight. |
C.Medium or high. | D.Medium or slight. |
A.With API value below 150 the air is free from being polluted. |
B.The colors from purple to Yellow indicate the air quality is becoming much worse. |
C.When there are floating solid particles and dust in the air, it is dangerous pollution. |
D.On September 8th the color-symbol of Beijing City’s air quality is ‘Blue’. |
A.there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the air |
B.it is so cold that they may have caught a cold |
C.they are starting to cough or have a fever |
D.they must be infected with permanent lung disease |
Tip 1. _____
True friendships can only be built in honesty. This is more than just telling the truth. Being real and open about who you are and your thoughts and feelings are a part of building a solid friendship. If your “friends” don’t even really know you, who are they really friends with?
Tip 2. Shared Experiences
As you build your friendship, you will share many experiences together. Some of these may be great adventures or hard times that the two of you go through together. These shared experiences are things that you will laugh about, talk about, and cry about no matter how much time passes.
Tip 3. Sacrificial(牺牲精神的)love
Love is the basis(基础)of all solid relationships. I am not referring to the emotion(情感) of love, but to the action of love. Love is what will cause a friend to get out of bed in the middle of the night to help another. Love is what will put aside someone’s own wants to make sure that thei
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191213/20191213124049-38552.gif)
Tip 4. Understanding
When a friendship is solid, it will be based on each other’s understanding. You may not agree with everything that a friend says or does, but you will be able to put yourself into his or her shoes to begin to understand. Offering understanding to a friend is very important, as it allows them to feel that they have someone in their corner that they can talk to and who will offer advice and suggestions, without having to worry that if they don’t always follow it, the friendship will be lost.
Tip 5. Acceptance
A solid friendship is one in which two people accept one another, faults and all, for just who they are. There is no having to build up false excuses, or hide away the “dark secrets” from one another. We accept each other as whole, complete, and totally unique people.
小题1:What’s the best title of Tip 1?
A.Introduction of yourself. | B.Telling the truth |
C.Honesty | D.True friendships |
A.Tip 2. | B.Tip 3. | C.Tip 4. | D.Tip 5. |
A.Exchange your shoes with his or hers. | B.Try on his or her shoes. |
C.Put yourself in his or her position. | D.Force yourself. |
A.A solid friendship | B.The most important relationships |
C.Five tips for you | D.Tips on how to build a solid friendship |
Naturally, it"s easy to blame the students in these situations, but the bigger problem is us.We—as parents—are so eager to shelter our kids that we fail to realize that this in itself is harming them.As the mother of two young sons, I have to remind myself constantly that the biggest responsibility I have as a parent is to he
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191213/20191213124044-84854.gif)
I"ll let them fail because as long as they are safe and warm inside their comfort zones, they will never grow.Although failure comes along with loss, heartbreak, disappointment, etc, these will be part of growth for them.And leaving them alone is my way of helping them become equipped to fit in this world as we know it today.From terrorism and seemingly endless natural disasters, to our national debt and beyond, if we expect the next generation to stand up to the very real problems of our time, we need to stop feeding them and start teaching them how to fish.
My children now are becoming little masters of comp
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191213/20191213124044-63619.gif)
小题1:Why do parents accompany their kids on job interviews?
A.Because they want to protect their kids from difficulties. |
B.Because they think they can help them on the questions. |
C.Because their kids are too shy to attend interviews. |
D.Because their kids strongly request them to do so. |
A.Sheltering them. B.Keeping them safe.
C.Leaving them alone. C.Blaming them.
小题3:Why does the author stress failure in kids" life?
A.To make them stronger than other kids. |
B.To help them grow in this tough world. |
C.To help them develop all social skills. |
D.To make them learn to compromise. |
A.Never Shelter Your Kids | B.Let Your Kids Fail |
C.Be Eager to Grow Up | D.Live Without Parents |
Yale University Art Gallery
The Yale University Art Gallery, founded in 1832, today houses a collection that has grown to rank with those of the major public art museums in the United States. Its two connected buildings house ancient, medieval, and Renaissance art, Near and Far Eastern art, archaeological material from the University’s excavations (古迹), Pre-Columbian and African art, works of European and American masters from actually every period, and a rich collection of modern art. Across the street, the Yale Center for British Art, which was opened in 1977, holds the largest collection of British art and illustrated books anywhere outside the United Kingdom.
Peabody Museum of Natural History
Yale’s Peabody Museum of Natural History, founded in 1866, contains one of the great scientific collections in North America. Among its holdings are the University’s comprehensive mineralogical and ornithological collections, the second-largest repository of dinosaur artifacts in the United States, and the largest undamaged Apatosaurus (Brontosaurus 雷龙) in the world. The Peabody is truly a working museum, where public exhibition, research, conservation, teaching, and learning intersect (贯穿).
Yale Center for British Art
Institutions like the Art Gallery, the Center for British Art, and the Peabody Museum hold only a portion of the treasures in the University’s collections. From paintings by Picasso, to pterodactyl (翼龙) remains, to a 1689 tenor viol in the Collection of Musical Instruments, Yale’s possessions are meant to be accessible to the communities they enrich.
Collection of Musical Instruments
Exhibitions are also frequently mounted (裱贴) at the following venues on campus: Art + Architecture Gallery (School of Architecture), Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Green Hall Gallery (School of Art), and Sterling Memorial Library, including the Arts of the Book Collection.
小题1:Which of the following cannot be found in the Yale University Art Gallery?
A.Near and Far Eastern art. |
B.Pre-Columbian and African art |
C.British art and illustrated books. |
D.Works of European and American masters. |
A.Peabody Museum of Natural History. |
B.Collection of Musical Instruments. |
C.Yale University Art Gallery. |
D.Yale Center for British Art. |
A.Yale Center for British Art. |
B.Yale University Art Gallery. |
C.Peabody Museum of Natural History. |
D.A musical instrument named tenor viol. |
A.collections are partly open to the public |
B.there are many venues just for exhibitions |
C.collections are from art museums in the US |
D.exhibitions are frequently mounted on campus |
A.Introduction to Yale University. | B.Introduction to collections in Yale. |
C.Introduction to venues in Yale. | D.Introduction to art works in Yale. |
Telegraph writer Tom Chiver’s first example is from the end-of-the-world movie Independence Day, in which a character comes up with a virus capable of destroying Windows, the computer system the alien spacecraft uses. “It’s a good thing they didn’t have Norton Antivirus (诺顿防火墙)”, jokes Chivers.
It’s just one case of a movie that takes a lot of license with its science. Another one Chivers mentions is from Star Wars, where glowing beams of light traveling through space look very impressive. The problem is that in space there are no air particles for the light to reflect off. In re
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191213/20191213124038-77891.gif)
Chiver’s second piece of Star Wars nonsense is the sound the fighters make in the movies: “the bellow (咆哮) of an elephant mixed with a car driving on a wet road”. But sound needs a medium to travel through, like air. In space, there wouldn’t actually be any sound at all.
Few people would deny that the mind-bending Matrix films make for great viewing, but for Chivers, the science in the movies is a little silly. He comments “…the film is based on the idea that humans are kept alive as electricity generator. This is not just unlikely – it’s fundamentally impossible. They would need more energy to stay alive than they would produce. It’s like saying you’ll power your car with batteries, and keep the batteries charged by running a dynamo (发电机) from the wheels.”
And finally, as Chivers points out, DNA is not replaceable. But this bit of elementary genetics passed the makers of the 2002 Bond film Die Another Day by. In the film the bad guy has “gene therapy” to change his appearance and his DNA, which is completely impossible.
小题1:What does the underlined sentence mean?
A.The virus created by the character is capable of destroying spacecrafts. |
B.Aliens’ using Windows system is totally unconvincing plot. |
C.The spacecraft should have Norton Antivirus. |
D.Norton Antivirus can stop a virus. |
A.in space, you can not hear anything |
B.light beams travel via air particle in space |
C.Chiver thinks the sound of the fighters is vivid |
D.the invisible light beams are impressive in the movies |
A.the basic idea of the film is rather ridiculous |
B.the science in the movies is very convincing |
C.the idea that humans can be kept alive as electricity generator is right |
D.humans would stay alive as long as they would produce enough energy |
A.the idea of gene therapy is creative |
B.the element of DNA should not be used |
C.the makers of the 2002 Bond use the genetic technology |
D.DNA can be replaced but in the real world it is impossible |
A.To prove all these films are makin![]() |
B.To show his great concern for the movie industry. |
C.To joke about some movies in the movie industry. |
D.To call for the audience to find out mistakes from the movies. |
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