题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Being content with yourself and optimistic about your future is not difficult. Whatever is in the past is __36__. Learn from it and move on. When you are enough __37__to do this, you will see that moving ahead is the best definition of __38__.
What can you do now? Sure it is __39__ for me to tell you to forget the past, __40__ it is a whole different __41__ to actually do it. Life is a complex set of events much of which __42__ is real, but a large amount is just your __43__ of what really happened.
Let me __44__ with an example. I know not everyone is a football fan, but I am __45__ most have watched at least __46__of a game on TV. Most games and almost all the important games are __47__ over and over on the TV screen right after the game happened.
When you watched a game, you were __48__ of the outcome, saying the player __49__ the ball. Then while watching the instant replay, you realized you were __50__ wrong. The player dropped the pass. What you were certain of never happened.
In order to __51__ on your future, you should try to minimize the effects of your past. Try to find out how much of the past that you are certain are just __52__. For example, as a teenager, you tried to build a piece of furniture in your father’s workshop. The piece of furniture looked __53__ when you finished, but it fell apart before you could __54__ it to your father. The reality was that the wood you used was faulty. It was not your building ability. So don’t think yourself to be a __55__ carpenter (木匠) and avoid building anything. Forget the past and move on.
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:C
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:D
小题9:A
小题10:D
小题11:C
小题12:B
小题13:D
小题14:A
小题15:C
小题16:B
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:D
小题20:C
解析
小题1:词义辨析，根据句意可知过去的事情已经结束了。
小题2:形容词辨析。A有雄心的；B苦涩的；C悲伤的；D绝望的；根据句意可知如果你足够有雄心，你就会发现前进是最佳的生活的目的地。
小题3:名词辨析。解析同上。
小题4:上下文串联。根据句意告诉你忘记过去很容易，然而真正地做到却是完全不一样的做法。
小题5:连词辨析。解析同上。
小题6:名词辨析。A做法，实践；B理论；C命令；D快乐；解析同39.
小题7:词义辨析。A共计；B当然；C准时；D最后；根据句意：生活是是一个很复杂的系统，当然里面的很多事情都是真的，也有一些是人们对于所发生的事情的看法。
小题8:名词辨析。解析同上。
小题9:上下文串联。根据句意：我来举例说明；
小题10:动词辨析。A决定；B记住；C注意；D猜想，认为；由句意可知我是认为大部分人都看过球赛，至少看过部分球赛。
小题11:名词辨析。解析同上。
小题12:动词辨析。Play播放；句意在：大部分比赛或者所有重要的比赛都在电视中被反复播放。
小题13:上下文串联。根据What you were certain of never happened.可知这里应该选D。
小题14:上下文串联。根据下文The player dropped the pass。可知A正确。
小题15:上下文串联。根据下两句话可知你的想法和实际情况完全不一样。完全搞错了。
小题16:动词辨析。Keep on继续；concentrate on专心致志于；put on 穿上；get on进展，上车；句意：为了专心于你的未来，你应该让过去的影响最小化。
小题17:名词辨析。根据句意可知你要找出那些你过去很肯定的实际上却是错的事情。
小题18:上下文串联。根据句意：那件家具看上去很好，但是在你向你父亲展示之前就坏成碎片了。
小题19:动词辨析。解析同上。
小题20:上下文串联，在这种情况之下不要认为自己是一个很糟糕的木匠，正是因为你用错了材料。在这个时候我们需要忘记过去。
核心考点
试题【Being content with yourself and optimistic about your future is not difficult. W】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A new study done by the Higher Education Quality Council of Ontario （HEQCO） shows that it doesn"t make much of a difference that parents reward their children with cash for their better marks.
Many parents have offered cash to their children in the hope that it would improve marks and possibly raise their children"s interest in achieving higher marks．
The study, conducted by researchers from the University of Toronto （UT） and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT） to learn more about the potential for financial encouragement as motivation for improved marks, involved first and second year students receiving financial aid in 2008-2009 at the University of Toronto Scarborough．
The top students participating in the study who said they were "very concerned" about having enough money to complete their degrees were to receive $100 for getting a grade of 70 per cent for each one-semester course, plus $20 for every percentage point beyond that．It was imaginable that a student could earn as much as $700 for achieving 100 percent in a course．
Harvey Weingarten, president and CEO of HEQCO said, "In its efforts to help disadvantaged students by exploring the idea of paying them to attend school, the Toronto District School Board （TDSB） is asking the same question many other districts are asking about how to improve student participation and performance．Our study and others to date indicate that this practice has little effect if any in those situations where it has been tested．"
The authors of the study suggest that ineffective study habits may be a barrier to academic achievement and that the real problem may be more a lack of academic preparation than a lack of effort or motivation．They note that the availability of peer （同伴） advising does not appear to have helped greatly．They conclude that other potential avenues to improving performance, or other approaches of teaching, are needed at the high school and postsecondary levels．
小题1:If a student gets a grade of 85% in a course, he will get _____．
| A．$100 | B．$300 | C．$400 | D．$700 |
| A．improving student participation |
| B．seeking help from different districts |
| C．paying disadvantaged students to attend school |
| D．testing student performance in the same district |
| A．academic preparation | B．effort or motivation |
| C．teaching methods | D．peer advising |
| A．Many parents have offered cash to their children． |
| B．Many first and second year students receive financial aid． |
| C．Ineffective study habits lead to poor academic achievement． |
| D．Rewarding students with cash for good grades has little effect |
In a few years，you might be able to speak Chinese，Korean，Japanese，French，and English-and all at the same time. This sounds incredible，but Alex Waibel，a computer science professor at US"s Car-negie Mellon University (CMU) and Germany"s University of Karlsruhe，announced last week that it may soon be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other.
One application，called Lecture Translation，can easily translate a speech from one language into an-other. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Us-ers also have to be trained how to use the programme.
Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what languagethey speak. “It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you，”Waibel said
Prefer to read? So- called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal display(LCD) screen.
Then there"s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech.The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person"s face，according to research-ers.
During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU"s Pittsburgh campus，a Chinese student named Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks，neck and throat. Then he mouthed-without speaking aloud- a few words in Mandarin(普通话) to the audience. A few seconds later，the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish: “Let me introduce our new prototype.”
This particular instrument，when fully developed，might allow anyone to speak in any number of lan-guages or，as Waibel put it，“to switch your mouth to a foreign language”. “The idea behind the universi-ty"s prototypes is to create"good enough" bridges for cross- cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world，”Waibel said.
With spontaneous(自发的) translators，foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio; tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people;leaders of different coun-tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.
小题1:What can"t be learned from the text?
| A．The spontaneous translators will help us a lot. |
| B．There is no Muscle Translator in the world now. |
| C．Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth. |
| D．A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily. |
| A．happening at at the same time. | B．happening by itself. |
| C．similar in size. | D．Similar in quality. |
| A．To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier. |
| B．To help students learn foreign languages more easily. |
| C．To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably. |
| D．To help people learn more foreign languages in the future. |
| A．The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need. |
| B．The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge. |
| C．With the help of the translator，you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all. |
| D．The translator needs to be improved before being put into market. |
| A．A newspaper. | B．A magazine on science. |
| C．A fairy tale. | D．A scientific fantasy book. |
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.
小题1:The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_______”.
| A．in a different family environment |
| B．in a different family tradition |
| C．in different family crises |
| D．in different families |
| A．get their parents’ individual guidance |
| B．learn a lot from their elder siblings |
| C．experience a lot of difficulties |
| D．pick up words more quickly |
| A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing. |
| B．Siblings in some families fought frequently. |
| C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships. |
| D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights. |
| A．having qualities of parents |
| B．having qualities of women |
| C．having defensive qualities |
| D．having extraordinary qualities |
The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we’re unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy people’s lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time to tune into your wandering mind, you’re missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.
The trip you take to work doesn’t help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞), making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about what’s going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day’s work is done.
So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We’d take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office—after we get a cup of coffee—we’d click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.
小题1:According to the author, we are more creative when we are _______.
| A．focused |
| B．relaxed |
| C．awake |
| D．busy |
| A．They are solution providers. |
| B．They are a source of inspiration. |
| C．They are normally full of bad news. |
| D．They are more educational than websites. |
| A．wander into the wild |
| B．listen to a beautiful tune |
| C．switch to the traffic channel |
| D．stop concentrating on anything |
| A．offer practical suggestions |
| B．summarize past experiences |
| C．advocate diverse ways of life |
| D．establish a routine for the future |
Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it，whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further： mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions y they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to ( for example ："The hand took hold of the ball" ) , the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much researeh suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动）.Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物）for ncurosciencc of what Einstein"s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does--well，perhaps you"ll understand why.
小题1:Mirror neurons can explain .
| A．why we cry when we are hurt |
| B．why we cough when we suffer from a cold |
| C．why we smile when we see someone else smile |
| D．why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late |
| A．set off | B．cut off | C．built up | D．broken up |
| A．relate to human behavior and interaction |
| B．control human physical actions and feelings |
| C．result in bad behavior and social disorders |
| D．determine our knowledge and language abilities |
| A．Ways to find mirror neurons. |
| B．Problems of mirror neurons. |
| C．Existence of mirror neurons. |
| D．Functions of mirror neurons. |
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