It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why．
First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things． It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing． If you never try anything new, how can you improve? How can you expand? The simple answer is “You can’t”． Look around you． With very few exceptions, either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new．
Another good thing about mistakes is this: When you are making mistakes, you are learning． Consider this: Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb． When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he said that he hadn’t failed 10,000 times, but rather had learned 10,000 things that didn’t work．
Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success． Why?
Because when all is said and done, you will have tried some number of things before you succeeded． Every time you make a mistake you eliminate one of those things and are one step closer．
But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake． Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again．
We all have limited resources in the form of time and money so don’t blow them all on one approach to a problem． Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and allocate （分配） these resources appropriately so you can learn, make corrections, and try it again． Only by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career．
There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not trying hard enough．”
So go forth and make mistakes． And learn． And grow． And prosper（成功）．
小题1:From the second paragraph, we can conclude that _______．| A．mistakes are unnecessary for development | | B．we are afraid of trying new things | | C．it’s common for people to make mistakes | | D．mistakes are better than not trying |
小题2:The underlined word “eliminate” means _______．| A．avoid | B．remove | C．accept | D．solve |
小题3:According to the article, one thing you should pay attention to about making mistakes is ．| A．avoiding making the same mistakes | | B．accepting the punishment willingly | | C．taking consequences into account | | D．trying things out one by one |
小题4:What would the writer probably suggest we say to ourselves when we make a mistake?| A．Never mind, I can always try again． | | B．I’d better stay out of trouble． | | C．Ok! Now I can learn something． | | D．Look at this mess． Anyone would be upset． |
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小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C |
试题分析:
小题1:推理题，由第一段的主要意思“只有犯错误，才能有所进步”，可以推出答案，故选C。
小题2:推理题。由前面的句子make a mistake和后面的句子one of those things可以推出是解决的意思，可以知道答案，所以选D。
小题3:推理题，由倒数第二段最后一句when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again．可以推出答案，所以选B
小题4:推理题，由最后一段最后一句So go forth and make mistakes． And learn． And grow． And prosper可以推出答案，所以选C
点评：本文说明了通过犯错误，我们可以学习、可以进步、可以成功。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。 |
核心考点
试题【It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why．First of all, mistakes are a clear s】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering.
Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.
The researcher took some saliva from the women”s mouths to measure levels of a hormone(荷尔蒙) that increases during stress(紧张). He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain”s temporal lobes(脑叶).
It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.
The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.
Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently (永久性的) affect memory.
小题1:According to the text, jet lag .
- can cause difficulties in speaking
- can make people feel tired for a few weeks
- can be only found in flight attendants
- can be caused by flying over several time zones
小题2:It can be inferred from the text that .
- the conclusion is refused by many scientists
- scientists fear that this research is not doneproperly
- the scientific conclusion needs the support frommany tests
- every women who were examined in the research weremot healthy
小题3:From the result of the research we can see that .
- the women who have longer rest at home show better memory
- the women who fly in short time have smaller righttemporal lobes
- the women who have longer flights fail the memorytest
- the women who rest more than 14 days produce lesshormones
小题4:What is the subject discussed in the text?
- The cause of jet lag.
- A story of a group of flight attendants.
- The importance of having enough rest after flights.
- A research about the effects of jet lag on thebrain.
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Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time in which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.
小题1:The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .| A．the length of a group of words. | | B．lighting and tiredness. | | C．one’s familiarity with the text. | | D．one’s purpose in reading. |
小题2:The author may believe that reading ______.| A．demands an deeply-participating mind. | | B．demands more mind than eyes. | | C．requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation. | | D．requires a reader to see words more quickly. |
小题3:What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second paragraph?| A．The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading. | | B．The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words. | | C．The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. | | D．The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see or comprehend words. |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. | | B．The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. | | C．The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. | | D．Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. |
小题5:The tune of the author in writing this article is ________.| A．pessimistic | B．optimistic | C．critical | D．neutral |
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A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move. What was the 1 was that he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of 2 as a result of exhausted battery (无电) . Nothing could be done but to 3 in cold wilderness (荒野). It was eight hours later that day broke, and then 4 of the rescue (援救).
It is almost 5 that he could stand （忍受）the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his 6 : “First of all, I checked up my 7 conditions and found myself not in mortal (致命的) danger. As there was no 8 to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from 9 . In this way I dozed (瞌睡) off.”
His story put an end to my regret (遗憾) for the 10 of an exploration adventure (探险) that happened last year. A group of young men 11 to explore a mountain cave and got lost. 12 to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 13 . Finally they felt dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the 14 people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the 15 of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to 16 themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering (闪烁) not far away.
Don’t you think you can compare it with 17 itself? When you meet with difficulty in life and work, you are lost in darkness. 18 you it’s unclear yet and you needn’t put up struggle 19 . It seems to be a negative （消极）attitude, 20 a person who can afford to do so must have foresight (远见) as well as a great courage in the first place.
| 小题1: | | A．hopeless | B．worst | C．more | D．best |
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| 小题2: | | A．service | B．way | C．control | D．work |
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| 小题4: | | A．delay | B．success | C．team | D．arrival |
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| 小题5: | | A．untrue | B．unimaginable | C．true | D．useless |
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| 小题6: | | A．plan | B．decision | C．explanation | D．excuse |
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| 小题7: | | A．physical | B．mental | C．working | D．medical |
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| 小题8: | | A．energy | B．way | C．tools | D．strength |
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| 小题9: | | A．rotting | B．spreading | C．hurting | D．bleeding |
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| 小题10: | | A．loss | B．failure | C．disappointment | D．sadness |
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| 小题11: | | A．had | B．managed | C．tried | D．meant |
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| 小题12: | | A．Willing | B．Unable | C．Determined | D．Deciding |
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| 小题13: | | A．hearing | B．sight | C．feeling | D．direction |
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| 小题14: | | A．rescue | B．village | C．local | D．brave |
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| 小题15: | | A．end | B．top | C．opening | D．side |
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| 小题17: | | A．adventure | B．work | C．life | D．mankind |
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| 小题18: | | A．Mind | B．Watch | C．Imagine | D．Warn |
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| 小题19: | | A．really | B．immediately | C．carefully | D．hopefully |
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Wendy Gallegos writes “concer” on the board. One of her students raises her hand.
“Ms. Gallegos, you should have written ‘conocer’ instead,” she said, referring to the Spanish verb for “to know.”
Gallegos looks at the board, smiles and quickly erases her mistake.
“You see, I have taught you so well, you pick up on my mistakes,” she said with a laugh.
To Gallegos, the scene in her classroom is typical（特有的）of the children she teaches. Gallegos teaches high school Spanish. She became part of their lives and families for three years. She is willing to help her children succeed. After a couple of years, Gallegos’ class becomes like home. Gallegos’ Spanish class is taught mostly in English in sixth grade. By the time the students are eighth-graders, they are speaking fewer words of English and more of Spanish during the 50-minute classes.
“My goal is to get my kids to say something in Spanish every day,” she said, “I want them to be able to talk to me. That’s why I help them, I praise them, I recognize them when they do good work. And we have fun. The day I stop having fun is the day I am going to consider a different job.’’
If a student needs help, Gallegos offers the student a “lifesaver,” which is help from a classmate. The lifesaver gets a piece of candy as a reward. As the students said: “Gallegos’ class is anything but boring.” It is because of Gallegos’ efforts and determination that she is the teacher who they think is most deserving of one of Collier County’s Golden Apple Awards.
“I don’t teach a subject, I teach kids. This is what I was born to do,” Gallegos said.
小题1:The scene（情景）in Gallegos’ class is mentioned at the beginning of the passage to ____.| A．show Gallegos, as a teacher, makes a mistake | | B．tell teachers can help students correct mistakes. | | C．show her good teaching method in daily class | | D．point out the students’ impolite behavior in class |
小题2:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 implies that_____.| A．having fun is Gallegos’ goal in hunting jobs. | B．Gallegos likes her job very much | | C．Gallegos is considering changing her job | D．teaching Spanish will not last long |
小题3:What made Gallegos get Golden Apple Award?| A．Her interesting class. | B．Her determination in study. | | C．Rewarding her students with prizes. | D．Her efforts made to teach kids. |
小题4:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．This is what I was born to do | B．Golden Apple Awards | | C．Spanish classes with fun | D．How to get along with kids |
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Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries. These satellite-based systems provide turn-by-turn directions to help people get to where they want to go. But, they can also cause a lot of problems, send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost. Many times, the driver is to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, says Barry Brown, it is a combination of the two.
We spoke to Mr. Brown by Skype. He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use during his stay. Barry Brown: “And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination. And, then it wasn’t until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So again, the GPS is kind of "garbage in garbage out".”
Mister Brown says this is a common human error. But, he says, what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings, or failures, of GPS equipment. Barry Brown: “One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn. Because they just give you the next turn, sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it’s going to the wrong place.”
Barry Brown formerly served as a professor with the University of California, San Diego. While there, he worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh. The two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people’s cars. They wrote a paper based on their research. It is called “The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS.” It lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers. These include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.
Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers, passengers and GPS systems work together.
小题1:In Paragraph 2, Mr. Brown mentioned his friend in the conversation to _____________.| A．build up his own reputation | | B．laugh at his stupid friend | | C．prove the GPS system is only garbage | | D．describe an example of human error |
小题2:With which of the following statement would Barry Brown most likely agree?| A．GPS units are to blame for the most GPS service failures. | | B．We should introduce higher standard for the driving license. | | C．Cameras are urgently needed to help improve GPS systems. | | D．Drivers, GPS systems and passengers should unite to improve GPS systems. |
小题3:What is Mr. Brown’s attitude towards GPS?| A．Unconcerned | B．Prejudiced | C．Objective | D．Critical |
小题4:What would be the best title for the text?| A．driving with GPS can be difficult | | B．driving confusions can be caused by small screen | | C．driving without GPS should be much more convenient | | D．GPS equipment in driving: to be deserted or improved? |
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