题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Today’s consumer faces a wider range of choices than ever before, Add to that the steady stream of sales campaigns, and shopping smart only gets harder. To buy economically and reduce waste, safeguard health and protect the environment, you’ll need to follow some basic principles and have a clear idea of what you want.
1. Do Your Homework
Before making any major purchase, take the time to research it. Plentiful resources are usually available online. Avoid buying in a hurry, and don’t be persuaded by overenthusiastic salespeople. Sleep on it if necessary—you won’t regret giving yourself some extra time to think.
2. Take the Long View
Consider the running costs as well as the initial price of any item you buy. Many environmentally friendly products cost more to buy, but save you money in the long run. Choose items that are made to last. For example, pick a sofa that has a hardwood or steel frame rather than one made of softwood, which may break easily.
3. Skip the Disposable Option
Buy reusable products like washable cloth towels, handkerchiefs, serviettes(餐巾)and cleaning cloths rather than paper, single-use varieties. Avoid other disposable supplies like cups, glasses, and chopsticks, too.
4. Take the Local Route
Buy local products that are in season. It’s usually cheaper and fresher and has less harm to the environment. Markets and roadside stands are good sources. Some supermarkets also buy from local producers. Support it if you have one.
5. Avoid Wasteful Packaging
Better not buy products that have too much packaging. It’s estimated that approximately 10 percent of every shopping bill is actually paying for packaging—which you normally just throw away! Moreover, significant amounts of energy are used in the production of packaging. Purchasing refillable and renewable containers can also help cut this kind of waste.
小题1:What could be the best title for this passage?
A.Protection of the Planet |
B.Green Shopping Principles |
C.Environmentally Friendly Products |
D.Resource Conservation |
A.think it over | B.forget about it |
C.set it aside | D.put it into action |
A.Because they are less expensive to buy. |
B.Because they save money in the long run. |
C.Because they will never break. |
D.Because they are local products. |
A.Following the stream of sales campaigns. |
B.Buying disposable chopsticks. |
C.Focusing on packaging. |
D.Purchasing from local markets. |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:在倡导绿色生活的今天,我们怎样做才能绿色购物呢?本文为你提供了一些实用的建议和小点子。做一些调查;目光看远一些;用循环使用的用品;用当地的应季物品;避免过度包装。
小题1:主旨大意题。文章介绍的是绿色购物的准则。故选B。
小题2:词义理解题。由上下文及“you won’t regret giving yourself some extra time to think.”可知,作者想让人们先思考一下在作出买的决定。故选A。
小题3:细节理解题。由“but save you money in the long run. Choose items that are made to last.”可知这样可以在以后有长期的节省。故选B。
小题4:细节理解题。由“Take the Local Route”可知区内航线更利于绿色消费。故选D。
核心考点
试题【Shopping green can make an important contribution to protecting the planet and c】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Smokey Bear has been a recognized symbol of the protection of America’s forests from fire. It is created to educate the public about the dangers of wildfires. Smokey Bear was started in 1944 with the slogan, “Smokey Bear Says—Care will prevent 9 out of 10 forest fires”. Smokey Bear’s later slogan, “Remember! Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires”, was created in 1947 by the Advertising Council in America. In April 2001, the message was changed to “Only You Can Prevent Wildfires”.
The wildfire prevention campaign with Smokey Bear is one of the longest and most successful campaigns in advertising history. The Advertising Council often was in partnership with other organizations and groups to create various advertising for Smokey Bear since 1944.
The Advertising Council teamed with Walt Disney Company to create a series of PSAs. The ads feature(以···为形象)characters form the classic film Sleeping Beauty and aim to reach parents and children. The lovely Bambi also appeared in the advertisements. Mickey Mouse is much more popular throughout the country.
Those PSAs, which appear on television, on the radio, in the newspaper and on the website continue to remind Americans about the importance of wildfire prevention have helped to reduce the number of acres burned annually by wildfires. According to recent survey, Smokey Bear and his famous words of wisdom “Only You Can Prevent Wildfires” are recalled by 3 out of 4 adults.
In addition to the PSA campaign, Smokey Bear has his own U.S. postage stamp and website for more information about wildfire prevention. From the website, you can also learn all about wildfires and how we can protect our forests.
小题1:PSA are primarily designed to .
A.educate the public | B.change people’s status |
C.discuss a problem | D.sell products or services |
A.It is one recognized symbols of Walt Disney cartoons. |
B.It firstly appeared in America in 1944 with no slogan. |
C.It is created to warn Americans of the dangers of wildfires. |
D.Its slogan changes every three years. |
A.By summing up. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By comparison. | D.By asking questions. |
A.helps a lot to reduce wildfires in America |
B.isn’t popular among the American pupils |
C.has set up its own website to advertise products |
D.becomes the symbol of the Advertising Council |
Europe, on the whole, has the world’s most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher. Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs. Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended. In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments. If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time, money, and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives. It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer. Europe’s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
小题1:What is the main idea of this passage?
A.The success of animal experiments should be ensured. |
B.A ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced. |
C.Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals. |
D.Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other. |
A.America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year. |
B.Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all. |
C.Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does. |
D.Japan has less comprehensive data on the number of lab animals used each year. |
A.Statistical studies. |
B.Computer models. |
C.DNA planted in animals. |
D.Tissue from dead animals. |
A.They are not revealed to the public. |
B.They are made into teaching materials. |
C.They are collected for future publication. |
D.They are not removed from the research topic list. |
Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet British medical journal.
“Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances for getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives,” US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast (电视广播) briefing from her home state of Kansas. “As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管的) and respiratory diseases (呼吸疾病). This is not a small effect.”
Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative (投机的,推测的), the researchers conceded (承认,给予), based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便), charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.
And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.
“Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change," said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.
For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar (高耸,高涨) to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.
小题1:What does the passage mainly about?
A.How can people live longer. |
B.Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves life. |
C.Global warming threatens people’s lives |
D.People should stop relying on fossil fuels |
A.it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions |
B.it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming |
C.it is believed by most people |
D.it mainly targets at developing countries |
A.sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuels |
B.without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases |
C.the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuels |
D.death from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions |
A.London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissions |
B.switching to low-polluting cars would save 160 lives in London every year |
C.walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart disease |
D.attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory |
Adaptable glasses
Do you wear glasses? If so, can you imagine life without them? In 1985, Joshua Silver, a professor at Oxford University, asked himself, “Can I invent a pair of glasses that could be changed by the wearer?” He designed two plastic lenses(透镜)that are filled with a special liquid. Using syringes(注射器)you change the liquid between the lenses until you can see clearly. The glasses are not beautiful but they are easy to use and cheap to make.
The wind-up radio
When you switch your TV on tonight, think about all those people without electricity. Thinking about this, Trevor Baylis came up with the idea of designing a radio that could be powered by hand. In common with Joshua Silver he wanted his invention to be cheap and easy to use. He wanted even the poorest people in developing countries, who don’t have electricity and cannot afford batteries, to use it. The radio has a generator (发电机) which is powered by turning a handle. In 1996 it won a BBC Design Award for Best Protect and Best Design.
The Dyson cleaner
In many homes around the world you can see a cleaner that looks like a spaceship. This is the Dyson vacuum (真空) cleaner which uses something called “cyclonic separation” to separate the dirt. You do not need a bag for your cleaner and it does not get blocked so it is very practical. The idea came to Sir James Dyson after he kept having problems with his vacuum cleaner. He decided he could design a better one and in 1993 he opened his own factory. The Dyson is now one of the best-selling cleaners in the UK and Dyson is believed to have earned over a billion pounds.
The Zapata fly-board
Ever dreamed of zooming through the water and leaping in the air like a dolphin? Now you can thanks to a fly-board, built by water sports enthusiast Frank Zapata. With it you can dive back in the water and out again. It’s possible to jump to incredible heights out of the water — over 30 feet. The basic fly-board model comes in at £4,200.
So keep dreaming and inventing. One day you might get it right.
小题1:What can we learn about Adaptable glasses?
A.They are very expensive. | B.The inventor is a student. |
C.The glasses are fragile. | D.They don’t look very nice. |
A.Adaptable glasses. | B.The wind-up radio. |
C.The Dyson cleaner. | D.The Zapata fly-board. |
A.helping people use cleaners more easily |
B.making Dyson a rich businessman |
C.keeping the house cleaner than before |
D.taking the place of human cleaners |
But the successful ones are those who can kill the excuses like the miserable maggots they are.
I’m too tired. I don’t have the time. I don’t feel motivated. I’d rather do nothing. I don’t have the money, equipment, space. I can’t because …
We’ve all made the excuses. Here’s how to kill them.
See the positive. Excuses are usually made because we don’t feel like doing something — we’re accentuating the negative. Instead, see the fun in something, the joy in it. And maintain a positive attitude, or you’ll never beat the excuses.
Take responsibility. Excuses are ways to get out of owning up to something. If we don’t have the time, money, equipment, etc., then it’s not our fault, right? Wrong. Take responsibility, and own the solution.
Find a solution. Just about every problem has a solution. Don’t have time? Start with just 5-10 minutes. Make the time. Wake earlier. Do it during lunch. Don’t have the energy? Do it when you have higher levels of energy. You’re smart. Figure out the solution.
See your goal. This is your motivation — your reason for doing it. Sure, you could just lay on the couch, but if you think about why you really want to pursue a goal, you’ll be motivated. Visualize that goal and just get started.
Be accountable. Have a workout partner, a project partner, a team, someone to report to. If you have to meet a coach or partner, you’re more likely to do something.
Watch this. Then go an do it.
小题1:How many tips mentioned in the text to prevent excuses?
A.Four | B.Three | C.Six | D.Five |
A.providing common examples. |
B.following the order of time. |
C.making comparisons of excuses. |
D.analyzing common excuses |
A.to view the outline of something by means of an X-ray. |
B.to weaken or spoil the quality or efficiency of something. |
C.to form a mental image of something incapable of being viewed. |
D.to express the formal image of something capable of being seen. |
A.because you are likely to make a report to someone. |
B.because it’ll be more possible for you to do something wih a partner. |
C.because you need a coach to help you do something. |
D.because you like to do something with a partner or a coach. |
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