题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
You never see them, but they"re with you every time you fly. They record where you"re going,how fast you"re traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to resist almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic (漫画) book.They"re known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best method for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine(潜水艇) discovered its homing signal five days later, it marked a huge step toward determining the cause of the disaster in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958. Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first model for a black box, which became a requirement on all US commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to resist crashes, however, so in 1965 it was completely redesigned. That same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to be easier to see.
Modem airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots" conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help experts reconstruct the aircraft"s final moments. The boxes can resist powerful force and temperatures up t0 2,OOOoF. They"re also able to send out signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447 , which crashed near Brazil on June 1 , 2009 , are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they"re still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane"s black boxes were never recovered.
小题1:What can we leam about the black box from the passage?
A.It helps an airplane function normally. |
B.Its ability to avoid disasters is amazing. |
C.It is necessary equipment on an airplane. |
D.The idea for its design comes from a comic book. |
A.the scene of the crash and the damage |
B.data for analyzing the cause of the crash |
C.the total number of passengers on board |
D.homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash |
A.make them easily identified |
B.meet the international standards |
C.caution people to handle them with care |
D.distinguish them from the color of the plane |
A.They have stopped sending homing signals. |
B.They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil. |
C.There is an urgent need for them to be restructured. |
D.There is still a good chance of their being recovered. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:文章介绍黑匣子在飞机上是必不可少的,它的用途是可以在飞机出事后用来分析事故发生的原因。
小题1:推理题:从第一段的句子:You never see them, but they"re with you every time you fly. They record where you"re going,how fast you"re traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally.可知黑匣子是飞机上不可缺少的部分,选C
小题2:推理题:从第二段的句子:When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best method for identifying what went wrong. 可知黑盒子可以用来分析事故的原因,选B
小题3:细节题:从第三段的句子:That same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to be easier to see.可知把黑盒子涂成橘色或黄色是为了容易识别。选A
小题4:细节题:从最后一段的句子:Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447 , which crashed near Brazil on June 1 , 2009 , are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they"re still likely to turn up. 可知Air France Flight 447的黑匣子有可能找到,选D
核心考点
试题【Black Box You never see them, but they"re with you every time you fly. They reco】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Researchers found materialistic people thought terrorism and war more stressful than others.
Psychologists believe the rise of materialism around the world and its treatment effect on extreme stress might be a response to fear of death caused by acts of terrorism, disease and natural disasters.
The scientists from Michigan State University said people with possession obsessions(妄想)often have lower self-esteem than others so are more likely to shop as the result of severe psychological suffering.
Ayalla Ruvio,a business professor studying people"s shopping habits while rockets fell in Israel, said, "When the going gets tough, the materialistic people go shopping. This stress spending is likely to produce even greater stress and lower well-being. Essentially, materialism appears to make bad events even worse.
Dr Ruvio led a two-part study of Israeli citizens living in a town that came under extreme rocket attacks for about six months in 2007. She compared 139 residents of the southern town with 170 from another town that was not under attack to see how their symptoms of post-traumatic stress and shopping habits varied. Dr Ruvio found that, when faced with a deadly threat, those who are highly materialistic suffered much higher levels of stress,while their tendency to shop was increased.
Dr Ruvio said, "The relationship between materialism and stress may be more harmful than commonly thought.”
The second stage of their research surveyed 855 Americans about their materialistic nature and fear of death. They found shopping was used to relieve feelings of stress and anxiety about death but this was in response to fear of a variety of life-threatening events like car accidents, criminal attacks and natural disasters.
小题1:Which of the following opinion is NOT right according to the text?
A.Terrorism is believed to easily cause the rise of materialism. |
B.The materialistic find terrorism and war more stressful than others. |
C.The scientists think possession obsessions help people get self-respect. |
D.The scientists think people with possession obsessions suffer a lot mentally. |
A.They enjoy the special shopping culture. |
B.The stresses they face are usually deadly. |
C.They are in different situation in terms of war. |
D.They are usually active participants for researchers. |
A.Impulsive spending does good to people"s health. |
B.Shopping can"t lower one"s stress as it is expected. |
C.Faced with great stress, people feel hopeless for life. |
D.Faced with threat,people"s wish to shop will decrease. |
①Greater stress; ②Car accidents; ③Criminal attacks;. ④Natural disasters;
A.①②③ | B.②③④ | C.①②④ | D.①③④ |
A.Greater stress can lead to shopping. |
B.Greater stress can cause a lot of diseases |
C.Shopping is very important in people"s life. |
D.Can shopping reduce the stress and relieve the fear of death? |
But lying with your iPad? A recent survey by marketing agency Rosette found that 68 percent of tablet owners use the device in the bedroom, more than in any other location. The living room took a close second place, at 63 percent, reports AdAge. com, and only 45 percent of respondents said they use their tablets on the go.
But bringing devices into the bedroom is a bad idea, if quality rest is your goal. One of the most important factors of sleepiness is darkness, which signals to the brain that it’s time to start speeding up production of the sleep - inducing hormone melatonin. But as the New York Times points out, in our modern world, we are exposed to light long after the sun sets. While any type of light can disturb your sleep, the blue wavelength light given off by cell phones, laptops, tablets and other gadgets is particularly troublesome. Research shows that this blue light causes alertness so decisively that it can actually be used to fight tiredness.
According to the National Sleep Foundation, 95 percent of Americans use some device, whether it’s a TV, laptop, cell phone or other products, within an hour of killing time. “Artificial light exposure between dusk and the time we go to bed at night push our sleeping sense to a later hour - making it more difficult to fall asleep,” said Charles Czeisler, Ph. D. , M. D. , chief of the division of sleep medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
Instead, experts recommend turning off all devices an hour before bedtime and finding another method for relaxation, like reading a book, taking a warm bath or performing a series of calming yoga poses. It’s also a good idea to exercise and lay off the caffeine several hours before bedtime.
小题1: According to a recent survey, most tablet owners use their iPad ________.
A.in the living room | B.in the bedroom |
C.in the office | D.on the move |
A.The light from cell phones is harmful |
B.Modern people have trouble falling asleep |
C.Darkness can create a good sleeping environment |
D.Blue light can prevent sleepiness decreasing |
A.dream of it | B.stay awake | C.feel sleepy | D.become tired |
What does she mean? Probably books, I thought. Mrs. Toalson picked a stick out of the cup and said, “Okay, Aniqa’s table; Table Two, you may get your things. ”Then my four classmates ran for the cushions(垫子)in the bathtub. Mrs. Toalson kept picking sticks and calling out different table numbers. On hearing their numbers, students would run to get cushions. Because there were not enough cushions for everyone, the last to be called had to go without. Those students sighed, “Oh! They are the lucky ones.”
Finally, Mrs. Toalson picked the last stick ; what is she going to do now?
“Kate, you may use the bathtub. ” Mrs. Toalson said. Gosh! Use the bathtub? Is Kate going to take a bath, I wondered. Kate is the girl who had pretty brown hair. She ran happily with her book to the bathtub and lay down in it. As she read, she hugged a teddy bear. I think it must be comfortable reading in a bathtub.
Except for lucky Kate, everybody had to read elsewhere. Some were sitting on the seats, some were lying down under the table, and everybody’s reading pose(姿势)was different.
Just then, my friend found me sitting at my table quietly, not doing anything. She said, “Mary, let me find you a book. ” I nodded. Then she led me to a comer of the classroom where the book-shelf was and picked a picture book for me.
Regina thought that it would be more fun to read outside on the grass. What a great idea! The next day our whole class went to the park across the street from our school. As we read, animals such as squirrels ran around us. It was amazing !
小题1: In Mrs. Toalson’s Reading Workshop, every student can learn _________.
A.briefly | B.comfortably | C.quickly | D.eagerly |
A.Mrs. Toalson told the student to sit in the bathtub as a punishment. |
B.The student who used the bathtub in that class was thought to be unlucky. |
C.Not every student can get a cushion in Mrs. Toalson’s Reading Workshop. |
D.In Mrs. Toalson’s Reading Workshop, only the best student can lie down reading. |
A.A student whose table was last called. |
B.The student who sat at the table quietly. |
C.The student who got the last cushion. |
D.A student whose table was first called. |
A.tell us how to use a bathtub in the classroom |
B.introduce us a new way of teaching style |
C.teach us how to organize reading activifies in class |
D.show us the importance of reading poses |
Of course, this is not just because of man’s greed—it is man’s pressing need as well. For instance, in developing countries, huge financial foreign debts have forced governments to approve the cutting of forests for agriculture or ranching. As a result, forests are cut down just to meet man’s immediate needs.
Perhaps unknowingly,man has changed the make-up of the earth"s atmosphere. Scientific studies have shown that CFCs used in refrigerators and industrial cleaners are fast destroying the ozone layer—a protective layer in the atmosphere that protects us against the harmful effects of the sun’s ultraviolet (紫外线)rays. In fact, documented reports have shown a terrible fact that there are “holes” in the ozone layer over the Antarctic. And they appear to be expanding.
Faced with these environmental problems, world leaders have shown deep concern. The UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) has arranged international agreements like the Vienna convention of 1985 and the Montreal Protocol of 1989 to preserve the ozone layer by controlling the production, use and trade of destructive chemicals.
There may be some doubt as to how effectual these agreements may be, given that some countries still maintain an “I-don’t-care” attitude. Their attitude is probably due to their failure to grasp the importance of the problem. Then, there is no doubt that environmental education on an international scale(规模)is greatly needed, so that all countries, great and small—the “haves” and the “have nots”—may realize their responsibilities for our planet.
In the meantime, the UNEP seems to have taken steps in the right direction, and it is hoped that in the not so distant future, all nations of the world will join hands in saving mother earth.
小题1:Which of the following is a reason for the cutting and burning of forests?
A.To build houses for more population. | B.To have land for agriculture. |
C.To export trees to other countries. | D.To build industrial plants. |
A.man’s research activities | B.the greenhouse effect |
C.the ultraviolent | D.harmful chemicals |
A.They don’t want to put their lives in danger. |
B.They just don’t know how to solve the problem. |
C.They haven’t realized the seriousness of the problem. |
D.They don’t want to break their international commitment. |
A.Hopeful. | B.Unconcerned | C.Doubtful | D.Objective |
The key to staying safe on the Internet is to make sure that your profile(个人资料) is secure. The simplest way is to change the privacy setting on your profile to “private”, which protects your information so that only the people on your friend list can view it. Although this is effective, it is not perfect. Predators can find ways to view your profile if they really want to, whether through hacking(非法侵入) in or figuring out their way onto your friend list. Thus, you should never post too much personal information. Some people actually post their home and school addresses, date of birth, and other personal information, often letting predators know exactly where they will be and when. The safest information is your first name and province. Anything more is basically inviting a predator into your life.
Another big problem is photos. I suggest completely skipping photos and never posting a photo of a friend online without asking permission.
Most importantly, never, under any circumstances, agree to a real-life meeting with anyone you meet online. No matter how well you think you know this person, there are no guarantees that they have told the truth. But you could feel free to chat with people you meet on the site, but just remember that not everyone is who they say they are. Hopefully, the next time you edit your profile, you’ll be more informed about the dangers of Internet predators and take the steps to defend yourself.
Lastly, do not send money to anyone you meet online. A common scam among Internet criminals is to request to pay for “expensive Internet charges” or “unreasonable Internet cafe fees”. While it is indeed true that many countries in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and South America do not yet have Internet service readily available in all cities and towns, a sincere friend from one of these countries will be more than happy to pay their own Internet charges. Never, under any circumstances, should you send money to a stranger from another country(or within your own country for that matter) who claims monetary assistance is required to continue their contact with you.
小题1:Kids can avoid web predators successfully by________.
A.attracting more public attention |
B.shutting down the “myspace.com” |
C.learning different ways to try other sites |
D.recognizing and getting away from them |
A.everybody you meet online isn’t honest and reliable |
B.it is not acceptable to post a photo of a friend online |
C.it is not safe to chat with grown-ups on the website |
D.only you and your friends can view your personal profile |
A.A thing that you can have two choices. |
B.An unpleasant task that tests one’s ability. |
C.A possibility of something happening. |
D.An illegal plan for making money. |
A.Personal Safety. | B.Web Safety for Teens. |
C.Web Hackers in the past. | D.Predators’ Tricks. |
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