题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
These belief systems usually develop around the animals that interact (互动) with humans most frequently. Therefore, it should not be surprising that so many stories surround the most common of animals: rats. Rats live side by side with humans all over the world and regularly interact with people. Human-rat coexistence may be common all around the world, but different cultures respond to that closeness in different ways.
In the United States and Europe, one typical attitude is that the rat is a pest. This could be due to the common belief that rats spread disease. Actually, they don’t, at least not directly, but many people don’t know that. The Pied Piper of Hamlin, a well-known children’s story, is one example of how rats have been described in Western literature: in that story, rats cause such a problem that a town has to hire a piper to call them all away.
In many Latin American countries, the rat is described in a very different way. The story of the tooth fairy (a fairy believed by children to leave money while they sleep in exchange for a tooth that has come out) is common all over the world, but in Latin America, the “fairy” is a rat! Rats do have very strong teeth, which could explain the association. Clearly, this shows another attitude toward rats that is much more positive.
Yet another attitude toward the rat can be seen in the Chinese Zodiac (生肖). The Rat is one of the animals of the Zodiac. Like the other zodiac animals, the Rat is neither entirely good nor entirely bad. It’s described as clever and friendly, but also tricky and not entirely honest. That may be the most accurate description of the rat so far. Whether you like rats or not, it’s hard to deny their reputation for cleverness.
As many people are discovering these days, rats can even make excellent pets, so long as you remember to close the cage carefully!
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
| A．A trend of keeping rats as pets. |
| B．How different cultures look at rats. |
| C．How humans get along with animals. |
| D．Favored animals in different cultures. |
| A．unpleasant | B．honest | C．smart | D．unusual |
| A．the tooth fairy is lovely |
| B．rats look very frightening |
| C．rats are welcome in Latin American countries |
| D．the story of the tooth fairy is common all over the world |
| A．don’t spread disease |
| B．should be treated as pests |
| C．are fairly described in the Chinese Zodiac |
| D．are kept as pets by more and more people |
| A．travel guide | B．news report | C．nature magazine | D．history textbook |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:C
解析
试题分析：什么动物和人亲近？和人打得交道越多，这种动物也就越受重视。比如老鼠，在不同的文化中，老鼠的形象和代表的意义也不相同。有的认为它们是害虫，有的视为祥瑞，有的养做宠物......你怎么看？
小题1:推理判断题。文章主要讲述了不同的国家和地区的人们对待老鼠的不同态度。尤其根据Therefore后面的叙述可知选B。
小题2:细节理解题。由“in that story, rats cause such a problem that a town has to hire a piper to call them all away.”可知，老鼠引起了大麻烦以至于人们不得不请来吹笛人驱逐老鼠。所以是 unpleasant 讨厌的；honest诚实的；smart时髦的；unusual经常的。故选A。
小题3:细节理解题。由“ but in Latin America, the “fairy” is a rat! ”可知，老鼠是小精灵表明拉丁美洲的人们很欢迎老鼠。故选C。
小题4:细节理解题。根据“Like the other zodiac animals, the Rat is neither entirely good nor entirely bad. It’s described as clever and friendly, but also tricky and not entirely honest. ”可知，老鼠在十二生肖中还是得到了公平的描述：不好也不坏，聪明友好，还有点滑。故选C。
小题5:推理判断题。本文介绍了老鼠在不同国家地区和文化环境中的不同对待态度，因此应该摘自自然杂志。travel guide旅游手册； news report新闻报道； nature magazine自然杂志；history textbook历史教科书。故选C
核心考点
试题【The relationship between humans and animals has always been complex. Some cultur】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A welcoming planet
Scientists say Earth’s neighbor Mars, a bright red planet about half Earth’s size, is the most likely to support human life. Mars even has frozen water on its surface.
Since the late 1990s, NASA has been exploring Mars using remote-controlled vehicles（装置）. Most recently Curiosity, a car-size vehicle, traveled through space on an unpiloted spacecraft(航天器) and landed on Mars in August 2012. Directed by NASA scientists , the vehicles move on the surface, taking pictures , collecting and analyzing soil, and looking for signs of life.
But what about human explorers? Plans are already in the works to send astronauts to Mars as soon as the mid-2030s.
_____________________________________
But before you start packing your bags, let’s consider the challenges. For starters, Mars is far away. Just getting there could take up to 10 months.
Scientists already know that time away from Earth’s gravity harms the human body. Bones and muscles get weaker. The body produces less blood. What damage would months and months of living in space do?
And then there is the matter of water, oxygen, food and fuel. Scientists will have to find solutions to these problems, or the first humans on Mars won’t survive very long in their new home.
Tiny Dangers
There’s another tinier risk. It’s so tiny that you can’t even see it: germs.
Some scientists believe that our germs could pollute the whole planet of Mars. Potentially killing Martian life before we have the chance to discover it. Worse, there is a small but terrifying chance that any microscopic life already there might be harmful to us .
Worse still, if any of those Martian germs(火星细菌) were brought back to Earth, the result could be disastrous. Animals, plants, and people could be wiped out.
Worth the $$$?
A more practical concern is the cost. The price could approach $ 1 trillion(万亿). How can we justify spending that much when so many problems—poverty, disease—could use the cash here on Earth?
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the “A welcoming planet” part?
| A．Mars is a little bigger than Earth. |
| B．There are flowing rivers on Mars. |
| C．People haven’t been to Mars so far. |
| D．Scientists have discovered signs of life on Mars. |
| A．Living in space. | B．Limited resources. |
| C．Extreme conditions. | D．Interesting challenges. |
| A．there is no serious danger |
| B．people won’t be in any danger |
| C．it’s difficult for people to realize the danger |
| D．the danger may be caused by very small things |
| A．Martian germs may be different from those on Earth. |
| B．Martian germs may be brought back to Earth. |
| C．People may carry germs to Mars. |
| D．There may be germs on Mars. |
| A．People | B．History | C．Science | D．Business |
There are many reasons for these little animals" coming to the center. First of all, street cats or dogs catch, injure or take away little birds from their nests. Sometimes people catch baby animals and keep them at home, giving them food that they are not used to. It would make them sick. Most people don"t realize that it"s against law to get live animals out of their nests.
As for songbirds, people often find them on the ground in their yards, thinking they have no other choice but to leave them on the ground to die. This is because many people wrongly believe that once a bird is touched by a person, its mother will not accept this child bird. But that"s not true.
If a little bird falls out of the nest, you should check whether it is injured. If not, you should put the bird back in the nest. If the bird is injured, call your local wildlife center quickly.
As for the progress of protecting wild animals, people at Wild Friends devote all their energy to this work. Over the last weeks, they have been able to send many of the birds and rabbits that came here earlier this spring back to nature.
小题1:Which is the busiest season for workers at Wild Friends?
| A．Spring | B．Summer. | C．Autumn. | D．Winter. |
| A．Giving them food they don"t like. | B．Letting them play with children. |
| C．Leaving them on the ground. | D．Bringing them to the center. |
| A．wait for its mother | B．help it go back home |
| C．touch it with your hands | D．call workers at Wild Friends |
If you come to visit, you"ll probably be surprised when you come in: Someone will give you an electronic PIN to wear. The PIN tells the house who you are and where you are. The house uses this information to give you what you need. When it"s dark outside, the PIN turns on the lights near you, and then turns them off as you walk away from them. Music moves with you, too. If the house knows your favorite music, it plays it for you. The music seems to be everywhere, but in fact other people in the house hear different music or no music. If you get a telephone call, only the nearest telephone rings.
Of course, you are also able to want something. There is a home control console (控制台) which is a small machine that turns things on and off around you.
The PIN and the console are new ideas, but they are in fact like many things we have today. If you want to go to a movie, you need a ticket. If I give you the key to my car, you can use my car. The car works for you because you have the key. My house works for you because you wear the PIN or hold the console.
I believe that in ten years from now, most new houses will have the systems that I"ve put in my house. The systems will probably be even bigger and better than the ones I"ve got.
I like to try new ideas. I know that some of my ideas will work better than others". But I hope that one day I will stop thinking of these systems as new, and ask myself instead, ”How did I live without them?”
小题1:The writer’s house is made of the following EXCEPT_________.
| A．bamboo | B．wood | C．glass | D．software |
| A．An IT expert. | B．A famous doctor. |
| C．A sportsman. | D．An experienced teacher. |
| A．it has your favorite music following you |
| B．you can make a telephone call anywhere |
| C．the writer is able to change his new idea into practice |
| D．it is controlled by computers |
| A．How to develop a new system. | B．The function of the PIN. |
| C．How great the computers are. | D．Easy life in the future. |
Now you can use your voice to use your iPhone 4S. Just talk to Siri as you would to a person: “Do I need an umbrella?” or “Where’s the closest ATM?” Siri not only understands what you say, it knows what you mean. It figures out the right apps to use to find the right answer. Then, just like a personal assistant, it answers you. Siri makes phone calls, sends messages, schedules meetings, sets reminders, and more. How much more? Just ask, and Siri tells you that, too.
Dual-core A5 chip: the most powerful iPhone ever.
Two cores in the A5 chip provide up to two times more power and up to seven times faster graphics. And you’ll feel the effects. iPhone 4S is quick and responsive, which makes all the difference when you’re launching apps, surfing the web, gaming, an doing just about everything. And no matter what you’re doing, you can keep on doing it. Because the A5 chip is so power-efficient, iPhone 4S has outstanding battery life.
FaceTime. It’s even better face-to-face.
FaceTime of iPhone 4S lets you hear a voice and see the face that goes with it—iPhone to iPhone, iPad 2, iPod touch, or Mac over Wi-Fi. So no matter where they are, no matter where you are, you’ll always be there. Making a FaceTime call is just as easy as making a phone call. And it’s even easier with Siri. Just tell Siri “FaceTime with Mom” and you show up, smile and wave hello. You’ll never miss a big event, an important meeting or a good laugh. And who wouldn’t be happy to see your face?
小题1:The passage is mainly about __________.
| A．how to use iPhone 4S | B．some models of iPhone 4S |
| C．some special uses of iPhone 4S | D．how to understand some pictures |
| A．It can take photos. | B．It can make videos. |
| C．It can write messages. | D．It can answer questions. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．It can be used together with Siri. |
| B．It allows you to see the other person’s face. |
| C．It allows you to hear the other person’s voice. |
| D．It can only be used between iPhone and iPhone. |
His study showed that bus conductors were much less likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers. Why? Because the conductors spent their working day walking. It seems obvious now but in the middle of the last century doctors were puzzled by the rising numbers of people who got heart diseases. Jerry Morris found one of the main causes: a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle. He started exercising for a few minutes each day and lived until his 100th year.
If you wish to protect your heart, you have to do more than wander in the garden. The exercise needs to be reasonable. Jogging is not for everyone and a round trip to the gym takes a couple of hours, plus the monthly membership fee is only good value if you visit regularly. The answer is simple: walk.
A half-hour purposeful walk five times a week will lower your risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes. Older people sometimes feel they have left it too late. But it is never too late to start and there are no upper age limits. Start gently. Take your time: a 15-minute flat walk in the nearest park, four or five times a week. Within a month or so, you are already beginning to protect your heart. Build the walks up. When you can comfortably walk for half an hour in the park, go further: try following rivers and canals.
Regular walkers have their own natural gymnasium. There is no membership fee, just some of the finest scenery in the world. Great Britain is the walker’s gym. When you have followed the rivers and canals, and are enjoying walking for a couple of hours, head for the coast. Once again, build it up slowly. When you are comfortable with long coastal walks, you can think of our national parks.
小题1:Jerry Morris is mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to __________.
| A．make his epidemiological message known to the public |
| B．praise his research into ways of improving public health |
| C．introduce the topic of doing exercise and keeping healthy |
| D．give an example of a person who lives a healthy and long life |
| A．bus conductors are more likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers. |
| B．doctors in the 1950s knew why heart diseases kept happening to people. |
| C．walking is better than doing sports in a gym because it saves time and money. |
| D．British people love walking because they have free gymnasium with finest scenery. |
| A．Parks are the best place for walking. |
| B．Starters should not push themselves too hard. |
| C．A two-quarter walk a day is suitable for starters. |
| D．People of old age might not be fit enough to start walking. |
| A．Long Life Comes from Walking |
| B．Walking Helps Cure Heart Disease |
| C．A Walk a Day Keeps the Doctors away |
| D．An Hour’s Walk in Nature is Worth Two in the Gym |
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