题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
A California company — BrightSource Energy is building a huge solar power plant in the Mojave desert, about 60 kilometers southwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. The plant is known as the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System. Joe Desmond works for the company. "This is actually one of the highest concentrations of sunlight in the world, out here in Ivanpah." explained Desmond. BrightSource Energy will deploy 170,000 specially designed mirrors to direct solar energy towards boilers on top of three power towers. The steam produced in the boilers will drive turbine (涡轮) to make electricity. Joe Desmond says the steam can reach temperatures of more than 260 degrees Celsius. "We can store the sun"s thermal energy in the form of molten salt, so we can produce electricity even when the sun goes down. There is a lot of interest in concentrating solar power around the globe in environmnents where you have lots of sun, such as China, South Africa, the Middle East, North Africa, explained Desmond.
Environmentalists generally support the idea of solar power, however, many are concerned about the effect of power plants on sensitive environment. Lisa Belenky is a lawyer with the Center for Biological Diversity, a private group. She says environmentalists are specifically worried about the effect of the Ivanpah Solar Project on the sensitive plant and animal life in that part of Mojave desert. "Even though the desert seems big, when you start cutting it up, it can really affect how the species and the animals and the plants are able to survive in the long run,"said Lisa Belenky. BrightSource Energy has already spent more than $ 50 million to move endangered desert tortoises away from the power plant. but Lisa Belenky says this is not the answer. "We should be reusing areas that have a1ready been disturbed, like old mining sites, for example...either on homes, on businesses, parking lots." said Belenky.
There have also been reports of birds dying at the Ivanpah Plant and others like it.
Some birds die after colliding with solar equipment which the animals mistake for water. Other birds were killed or suffered burns after flying through the intense heat at the solar thermal plant. As solar projects increase, environmentalists and developers are considering what to do to reduce bird death.
小题1:Why is the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System being built in the desert?
A.Because the temperature is extremely high in the desert. |
B.Because there is no life in the desert. |
C.Because there is much salt in the desert. |
D.Because sunlight is highly focused in the desert. |
A.Because the sun"s thermal energy can be stored in the form of steam. |
B.Because the sun"s thermal energy can be stored in the form of molten salt. |
C.Because the sun"ss thermal energy can be stored through mirrors |
D.Because the sun"s thermal energy can be stored in the boilers. |
A. we should move all the plants and animals away from the solar plant
B. we should guide the bird not to hit the solar plant
C we should build the solar plant in disturbed areas
D. we should build the solar plant in the desert
小题4:The author’s attitude towards the solar projects is _____.
A.supportive | B.critical | C.indifferent | D.cautious |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:太阳能一直被认为是一种安全、绿色的能源,太阳能发电也开始蓬勃发展 。但是建设太阳能发电站却带来了一些不可估量的问题,有些对于当地的生态环境的打击是巨大的。
小题1:细节理解题。由“A California company — BrightSource Energy is building a huge solar power plant in the Mojave desert, about 60 kilometers southwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. ”可知伊凡帕太阳能发电系统 会建在沙漠是由于沙漠里太阳能强度大并且集中。故选D。
小题2:细节理解题。由“We can store the sun"s thermal energy in the form of molten salt, so we can produce electricity even when the sun goes down.”可知,把太阳能存储在熔盐中,在晚上就可以利用其来发电 。故选B。
小题3:细节理解题。由“"We should be reusing areas that have a1ready been disturbed, like old mining sites, for example...either on homes, on businesses, parking lots." said Belenky.”可知 Lisa Belenky建议把太阳能发电站建在已经荒废的地方。故选C。
小题4:推理判断题。全文讲述了建设太阳能发电站带来的环境问题以及一些专家提出的原因和解决办法,但作者本身并没有表明支持或反对那一种观点,因此他的态度很谨慎。supportive支持的;critical批判的; indifferent漠不关心的;cautious谨慎的。故选D。
核心考点
试题【The world"s largest solar thermal plant(太阳热能发电站)is set to begin producing power 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Here are a few tips to kelp you remain calm in the face of the storm:
• Don"t Panic You are better able to find a solution if you aren"t panicking. If you can keep your head when others are losing theirs, you will be able to make a dear decision in the chaos.
• There Aren"t Many True Emergenaes My time as a Naval Officer taught me about true emergencies. In the military, when there is a problem, people can get hurt or die. This is not usually the case when the office copier or email server goes down. Keep things in perspective. There are very few true emergencies in life.
• Avoid the "Fight or Flight" When you are stressed, your body will want to go into "fight or flight." Your body was designed to keep you safe from danger, but its natural reflexes aren"t always the best solution against a project gone away. Keep your emotions in check and ensure that your physical reflexes don’t make bad decisions for you.
• Head Into The Problem While everyone else is running away, true leaders walk into a problem. Sticking your head in the sand only makes things worse. Instead of trying to ignore the situition, get to the heart of the issue as soon as possible. Only then can you address it
How Will You React? When you find yourself ready to lose it, take a step back. Ask, "In this truly an emergcncy?" Keep your head when others are losing theirs. And you"ll find that you are that much closer to a solution.
小题1:The author writes the first paragraph in order to______.
A.describe a chaotic day | B.advocate a way of life | C.introduce a topic | D.make a joke |
A.low your head | B.keep your head | C.shake your head | D.stick your head |
A.there are seldom true emergencies in life |
B.there are many true emergencies in life |
C.some emergencies are really urgent |
D.some emergencies can"t be predicted |
A.Fight or Flight |
B.True emergencies |
C.Less Talking, More Doing |
D.Keep calm in the face of the storm |
On the first day of class, the teacher faces a room filled with individuals. Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist. But there is no sense of group unity, no set of rules for conduct in the group, no feeling of belonging. If teachers are successful leaders, they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages working together.
Standards and rules must be set to keep order, make sure of justice and protect individual rights, but do not contradict school policy. What happens when one student hurts another’s individual rights? Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers, the classroom can become chaotic. Students may break rules they did not know existed. If standards are set without participation from the class, students may spend a great deal of creative energy in destroying the class environment or finding ways to break rules.
No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and creating a positive atmosphere, the task is never complete. Regular maintenance is necessary. Conflicts arise. The needs of individual members change. A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure. Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays, upcoming tests or sport competitions, or family troubles cause stress in the classroom. One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict, change, and stress.
小题1:The underlined word “maintain” in Para.1 probably means_______.
A.keep | B. build | C.recreate | D.evaluate |
A.free students from outside pressures |
B.set the standards and rules on his own |
C.be responsible for a well-organized class |
D.focus more on instruction and evaluation |
A.rules cannot be changed once they’re formed |
B.outside pressures can not cause tension among students |
C.if the teacher well unites his students, he then will finish his task |
D.if rules are not acceptable both to students and teachers, the classroom can be a mess |
A.To provide information for teaching. |
B.To show the importance of teaching a class. |
C.To study the teacher’s behavior in the classroom. |
D.To compare the teacher’s behavior with the students’ in class. |
Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. That’s because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! You’re a great vegetable taster”, did not work as well.
The study found that when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes. The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables—either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas—in laboratory taste tests, the study said.
Researchers randomly assigned (分派) 173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where Parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control”.
Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day for 12 days. Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables—and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround(转机) also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once-disliked vegetable three months later.
Why didn’t the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents’ words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.
小题1:The purpose of writing the passage is .
A.to show the procedure of an experiment on children’s diet |
B.to introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetables |
C.to explain why children hate to eat vegetables |
D.to present a proper way of verbal praise to parents |
A.shoot from behind the back |
B.make a fire in the backyard |
C.produce an unexpected result |
D.achieve what was planned |
A.Most children are born to dislike carrots or celery. |
B.Children in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables. |
C.Oral praise works quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables. |
D.It remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables. |
A.Children like rewards, not verbal praise. |
B.Parents should give up verbal praise. |
C.Children are difficult to inspire. |
D.Parents should praise their children in a sincere tone. |
For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he can’t make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he fails; he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook(人生观) on life, special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it.
If you look at children, you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright” children and “not bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out more about life --- he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.What’s real meaning of intelligence |
B.What’s the “bright” children’s behavior |
C.What’s a special outlook on life |
D.How to live and behave in a new situation |
A.the amount of intelligence |
B.the different situations they face |
C.the different attitudes to life |
D.the background of life |
A.how to determine what intelligence is |
B.How an unintelligent person should be taught |
C.how to judge whether a person is intelligent |
D.how education should be changed |
The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project.Judy Buchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report.Ms.Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster."Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging.Young people favor these tools.The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content, and not just sort of consumers."
But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy.They trust too muck of the information they find on the Internet.Judy says these students haven"t developed the skills to determine the quality of online information."It"s something that really has to be taught and paid attention to.Because in a world in which things happen quickly, you do need to step back, reflect and analyze the information you have."
Another problem is blamed on something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online.Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers.They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed books or research libraries.
Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.
小题1:The text mainly tells us____.
A.all the students use digital tools |
B.the Internet is playing a key role |
C.teachers encourage using digital tools |
D.digital tools bring about benefits and problems |
![](http://img.shitiku.com.cn/uploads/allimg/20191212/20191212194139-20614.png)
小题3:The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means
A.students do not have the right digital tools |
B.students do not always have access to the Internet |
C.students haven"t the ability to adjust themselves |
D.students can"t judge online information properly |
A.they can get answers on the Internet quickly |
B.printed books and libraries around aren"t enough |
C.the Internet can"t make students concentrate |
D.they can copy each others" work without being punished |
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