题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and a cat.
They just might succeed in cloning Missy soon — or perhaps not for another five years.
Westhusin"s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog"s eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy"s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate（代孕的）mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted(流产，发育不全) fetuses（胎）may be acceptable when you"re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.
Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, Westhusin"s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy"s mysterious billionaire owner; he"s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M"s research.
Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy"s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype（原型；雏形）is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and super-smart. Missy"s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament（气质、性情）. In a statement of purpose, Missy"s owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”
Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs. nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.
However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we"re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”
小题1:By “stupid endeavor”, Westhusin means to say that ________.
| A．human cloning is a foolish undertaking |
| B．animal cloning is absolutely impractical |
| C．human cloning should be done selectively |
| D．animal cloning is not worth the effort at all |
| A．Its success is already in sight. |
| B．It is progressing smoothly. |
| C．It is doomed to utter failure. |
| D．Its outcome remains uncertain. |
| A．study the possibility of cloning humans |
| B．search for ways to modify its temperament |
| C．find out the differences between Missy and its clones |
| D．examine the reproductive system of the dog species |
| A．a bad temper |
| B．defective（有缺陷的、有毛病的）organs |
| C．immune deficiency |
| D．an abnormal shape |
| A．Cloning of Missy |
| B．Scientist Says ‘No’ to Human Cloning |
| C．Human Cloning Is Dangerous . |
| D．Westhusin Is Cautious about Cloning |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:B
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了关于克隆方面的知识，由此让读者认识到克隆人类不是明智的选择。
小题1:猜测词义题。根据第一句“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,可知是指克隆人是一个愚蠢的做法。所以选A。
小题2:推理题。根据文章第二段可知这个计划的结果还是不确定的，它提及这个，是想告诉人们克隆人会有很多的困难与问题。所以选D。
小题3:细节题。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句“both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”可知Mark Westhusin 通过克隆Missy发现Missy和她克隆的不同,所以选C。
小题4:推理题。根据文章第4段内容可知动物克隆会产生很多有缺陷的胚胎和器官，很不成功。所以选B。
小题5:标题确定题：根据文章内容和第一段的句子：“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.”可知这篇文章主要介绍科学家不同意克隆人类，所以选B。
核心考点
试题【“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
症患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers"
faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.
Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics.
Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the
baggage.
Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed
group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of
the normal people in recognizing false speeches-in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but
the aphasics were not.
Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a
particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the
president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his
feelings into every word of his speech.
But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn"t seem to believe him. Instead,
they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying.
He was lying!
Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to
understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people
may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot
understand words.
B. They can find out the hidden drugs.
C. They can understand language better.
D. They can tell whether people are lying.
B. By organizing them into acting groups.
C. By comparing them with normal people.
D. By giving them chances to speak on TV.
B. Aphasics have richer feelings than others.
C. Normal people often tell lies in their speeches.
D. People poor at one thing can be good at another.
stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons
that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer (同龄人) group.
The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their lives - at home and particularly in the school
environment (环境)-means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.
They don"t see men succeeding in society so it doesn"t occur to them that they could make something of
themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture (文化) is all-
powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and
provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child"s
peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.
It"s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch
television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done
wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems - somewhere he can work away from his peers
and go home after the other children.
B. His parents no longer supported him.
C. It"s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.
D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school.
B. A special unit.
C. The student judges.
D. The home environment.
B. Train leaders of their peer groups.
C. Stop the development of street culture.
D. Give them lessons in a separate area.
B. teaches the boy a lesson
C. sends the boy home as punishment
D. works together with another teacher
shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would
freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research
has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish"s blood
and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating
in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to-2.05℃. That small
difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists" next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish"s blood kept it from freezing. Their
search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish.
When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had
its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules (分子) held in
special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content. It is called a glycoprotein.
So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein. Or AFGP.
B. A special fish living in freezing waters.
C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.
B. It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
C. A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D. Its blood has a temperature lower than-2.05℃.
B. A newly found protein.
C. Fish blood.
D. Sugar molecule.
B. ice
C. blood
D. molecule
ecosystem (生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its
environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna (大草原) surroundings in
which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat
(栖息地).
It is the elephant"s great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important
builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills
small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both
deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces
are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.
Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out
sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants,
elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests
become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as
well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the
elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and
savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C. The effect of African elephants" search for food.
D. The eating habit of African elephants.
B. Worsening the state.
C. Improving the quality.
D. Deciding the conditions.
B. They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C. They are home to many endangered animals.
D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.
B. pointing out similarities and differences
C. describing the changes in space order
D. giving examples
what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change-to find poetry
where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.
Landscape (风景) is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the
17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie,
one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas
Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who
insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees.
In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway
in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography (摄影术) to help
both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.
Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their
understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the
realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic
drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for
artists of all periods.
Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present,
Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces
of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.
B. a collection of poems
C. an unusual quality
D. a natural scene
B. they look like works by 19th-century painters
C. they draw attention to common things in life
D. they depend heavily on color photography
B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.
C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.
D. It is lacking in modern works of art.
B. They make people interested in everyday experience.
C. They are considered important for variety in form.
D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.
B. Basic questions of the arts.
C. New developments in the arts.
D. Use of modern technology in the arts
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