题目
题型：0115 月考题难度：来源：
from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and
help you become healthier.
"Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger," said Jennifer Lerner of
Carnegie Mellon."The more people display anger, the lower their stress responses."
Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6,200. They must say out loud
every thirteenth number. Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other
questions. If they made any mistakes, they had to restart from the very beginning. Many students felt
depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry.
Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test. The
researchers describe their reactions as fear, anger and disgust.
Other researchers recorded the students" blood pressure, pulse and production of a high-stress hormone
(荷尔蒙)called cortisol. People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood
pressure and higher levels of the hormone. Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes (糖尿病), heart
disease, depression and extra weight gain.
When people feel fear, negative impacts increase, but when they get angry, those negatives go down,
according to the study.
"Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening
(令人发狂的)situation,"
Lerner said. Lerner previously studied Americans" emotional response to the 9/ terrorist attacks two
months after the incident. She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic. These people
are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event. So in maddening situations, anger
is not a bad thing to have. It"s a healthier response than fear.
B. What you can do with anger in certain cases.
C. Different effects produced by anger and fear.
D. Healthier responses in maddening situations.
B. Different reactions reflect different outlooks on life.
C. Don"t control your anger and it makes you powerful.
D. Pessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people.
B. Blood pressure and pulse.
C. Blood pressure and cortiso.
D. Higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone.
B. By reducing their stress.
C. By reducing high blood pressure.
D. By taking the place of fear.
B. asking them to count to 6, 200 again and again
C. disturbing them and making them start all over again
D. criticizing them when they made mistakes
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Anger is good for you, as long as you control it, according to new psy】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
put things in perspective. But why is crying beneficial? And is there such a thing as a "bad cry"?
The researchers analyzed the detailed accounts of more than 3,000 recent crying experiences and found
that the benefits of crying depend entirely on the what, where and when of a particular crying episode (一段
经历). The majority of persons reported improvements in their mood following a short period of crying.
However, one third reported no improvement in mood and a tenth felt worse after crying. Criers who received
social support during their crying episode were the most likely to report improvements in mood.
Research to date has not always produced a clear picture of the benefits of crying, in part because the
results often seem to depend on how crying is studied. The researchers note several challenges in accurately
studying crying behavior in a laboratory setting. Volunteers who cry in a laboratory setting often do not
describe their experiences as making them feel better. Rather, crying in a laboratory setting often results in
the study participants feeling worse; this may be due to the stressful conditions of the study itself, such as
being videotaped or watched by researchers. This may produce negative emotions, which neutralize (使无效)
the positive benefits usually connected with crying.
However, these laboratory studies have provided interesting findings about the physical effects of crying.
Criers do show calming effects such as slower breathing, but they also experience a lot of unpleasant stress,
including increased heart rate and sweating. What is interesting is that bodily calming usually lasts longer than
the unpleasant. The calming effects may occur later and overcome the stress reaction, which would account
for why people tend to remember mostly the pleasant side of crying.
Research has shown that the effects of crying also depend on who is shedding the tears. For example,
individuals with anxiety or mood disorders are least likely to experience the positive effects of crying. In
addition, the researchers report that people who lack insight into their emotional lives actually feel worse
after crying.
B. crying in public makes people feel better
C. a bad cry is as common as a good cry
D. a good cry can sometimes help us face problems rightly
B. you sweat a lot.
C. your face turns pale
D. you are being watched
B. People who fail to understand their emotions.
C. People who are anxious and nervous.
D. People whose mood is not in order.
B. the way of crying
C. the psychology of crying
D. the causes of crying
a system that uses fish to protect our water supplies. Cities and towns share water with millions of people, so
it"s important that the water is clean and safe to drink. Bluegills, which are small enough to fit in your hand, are
the fish that are protecting our water. They are common freshwater fish native to America and are also known
as bream or sunfish. According to the Associated Press, the bluegills were originally used by the Army to make
sure water was safe. Now San Francisco, New York City, Washington D.C and several other cities use the bluegill monitoring system. The bluegill system works by constantly filling the fish tank with city or town water. A
small group of bluegills swim in the local water and are closely monitored.
Bluegills are very sensitive to their environment. Changes in the environment cause their behavior and
breathing patterns to change. They cough if the water is polluted. Fish cough by flexing their gills (鳃) to get
rid of unwanted particles, like grain of sand, from their breathing passages. If the bluegills are coughing the
computer sends an alarm via email.
The bluegills in New York City discovered an diesel spill (柴油外溢) hours before the usual monitors.
Adding the bluegill system to regular water protection methods resulted in an early warning and safer water.
B. because they are used to swimming in the fresh water
C. because they can cough by means of their gills
D. because they are able to send e-mails by computers
B. They are freshwater fish easily found in America.
C. They were used to safeguard water in the army.
D. They are smarter than any other living thing on earth.
B. the warning e-mail the computer sends
C. observing the activities of bluegills
D. constantly filling the fish tank with water
On the one hand, there are those in favor of a strict teacher and the narrow-minded people who consider that only a rough hand is able to properly educate a child. Firstly, according to them, children should fear their teachers, as this is the only way in which they will pay attention. In addition to that, they think that a pupil will never learn because he enjoys doing so and takes interest in what he is doing, but only because that is what he is supposed to do if he doesn"t want a low grade.
On the other hand, there are people who believe that only by having a friendly attitude and listening to the opinions of their pupils can a teacher do his job at a high standard. Their opinion is that there has to be a connection between teachers and students before any satisfying result can be achieved. Luckily, more and more teachers understand this fact and are doing their best to get over the strict rules and get in touch with their students.
However, this does not mean that a teacher shouldn"t be a bit tougher when he feels that things are getting out of hand. All in all, I must say that a good teacher is a teacher that has the ability to be kind and strict at the same time, thus winning the respect and interest of his students.
B. Ridiculous
C. Unhealthy
D. Impolite
B. their desire to get high marks
C. their dislike of teachers
D. their parents" will
B. Teachers should have a kind attitude to students
C. Teachers should pay attention to their students" opinions
D. Teachers should often communicate with students.
B. always be kind and soft
C. often be kind, but be strict if necessary
D. often be strict, but be kind if necessary
addition to objective tests. They use "essay" tests, which require students to write long answers to broad,
general questions such as the following: "Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced
thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world."
One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high
score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more cares about the
student"s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought
about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write
rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually
know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.
Besides, in an essay test the student"s score may depend upon the examiner"s feelings at the time of
reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should.
Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective
test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.
Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are
used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student"s knowledge can usually
be gotten.
B. How teachers test their students.
C. How students write their essays.
D. The objective test.
B. it tests the student"s knowledge of the material as well as his expression of ideas
C. it gives each student a fairer chance
D. its scoring may be influenced by the examiner"s feelings
B. another examiner usually gives the answer a higher mark
C. different examiners may give the same essay different scores
D. the objective test gives each student a fairer chance
B. It allows the students to guess the correct answer without really knowing the material.
C. It shows the student"s ability to think bout difficult problems.
D. It is easy and quick to score.
purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all-one
can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for
all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degree; they refuse
to do what they think “low” work; and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such
countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer
is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education, but we die if we have no food.
If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our
towns.
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in
such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that
we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that is very bad to be ashamed of one"s work. Only
such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
B. free education for all probably leads to a perfect world
C. free education won"t help to solve problems
D. all the social problems can"t be solved by education
B. our society needs free education for all
C. a farmer is more important than a professor
D. work with hands is the most important
B. to prepare children mainly for their future work
C. to let everyone receive education fit for him
D. to build a perfect world
B. the system
C. the value
D. the type
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