There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just
as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine (内燃机) has
something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driven. For
people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further,
students might be helped by a course that considers the computer"s impact on society. But
that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy
(读写能力); it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.
Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct
activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free
themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought
to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a
career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people
who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficu1t, and it gets easier all the time as
programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is
going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the
phrase "learning to use a computer" mean? It sounds like "learning to drive a car", that is,
it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a
computer.
In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like "learning to play a game", but
learning the rules of one game may not he1p you play a second game, whose rules may
not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer.
One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.
B. be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C. learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills
D. understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car.
B. our society needs experts in different fields
C. violin-making requires as much skill as computer programming
D. people who can use a computer don"t necessarily have to know computer programming
B. programs are designed to be convenient to users
C. programming is becoming easier and easier
D. programs are becoming readily available to computer users
B. the fundamentals of computer science
C. specific programs
D. general principles of programming
B. to explain the concept of computer literacy
C. to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow
D. to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job.
scientists: the feathered navigators follow the roads just like we do.
Scientists now believe the phrase "as the crow (乌鸦) flies" no longer means the shortest most
direct route between two points. They say it is likely that crows and other day birds also choose
AA-suggested routes, even though it makes their journeys longer.
Scientists at Oxford University spent 10 years studying homing pigeons using global positioning
satellite (GPS) and got a surprising result. The birds often don"t use the sun to decide their directions.
Instead they fly along motorways, turn at crossing and even go around roundabouts (绕道) , adding
miles to their journeys.
"It really has knocked our research team sideways to find that after a decade-long international
study, pigeons appear to ignore their inbuilt directional instincts (本能) and follow the road system,"
said Prof Tim Guilford, reader in animal behavior at Oxford University"s Department of Zoology.
Guilford said pigeons use their own navigational system (导航系统) when doing long distance trips
or when a bird does a journey for the first time.
"But once homing pigeons have flown a journey more than once, they can fly home on a habitual
route, much as we do when we are driving or walking home from work," said Guilford.
"In short, it looks like it is mentally easier for a bird to fly down a road. They are just making their
journey as simpl e as possible."
B. Why Pigeons Can Fly long Distance?
C. How Pigeons Find Their Ways Home?
D. Why Crows Fly the Shortest Distance?
B. The crows.
C. Day birds.
D. Animals that can fly.
B. by the sun
C. by the road system
D. by following other birds
B. Because their own navigational system doesn"t work.
C. Because it is too hard to use their own navigational system.
D. Because it is easier to make journey simple by following road system.
flesh and blood but also of time. They were
__1__ to show that we all have 6"a body clock" 2__ us. which controls the 3_ and fall of our
body energies, 4_ us different from one day to the next.
The 5 _ 0f "a body clock" should not be too 6 _ since the lives of most living things are controlled
7 the 24-hour night-and-day cycle. We feel 8 and fall asleep at night and become 9__ and
energetic during the day.lf the
24-hour-cycle is _10 , most people experience unpleasant 11 .For example, people who are not 12
to working at night can find that 13__ of sleep causes them to 14 _ badly at work.
15 the daily cycle of sleeping and 16 , we also have other cycles which 17 longer than one day.
Most of us would 18 that we feel good on some days and not so good on 19 ; sometimes our ideas
seem to flow and at other times, they _20__ do not exist.
( ) 2. A.inside
( ) 3. A. movement
( ) 4 A. showing
( ) 5. A. invention
( ) 6. A. difficult
( ) 7. A. from
( ) 8. A. dull
( ) 9. A. regular
( )10. A. disturbed
( )11. A. moments
( )12. A. prevented
( )13. A. miss
( )14. A. perform
( )15. A. With
( )16. A. working
( )17. A. repeat
( )18. A. agree
( )19. A. other
( )20. A.just
B. around
B. supply
B. treating
B. opinion
B. exciting
B. by
B. tired
B. excited
B. shortened
B. feelings
B. allowed
B. none
B. show
B. As well as
B. moving
B. remain
B. believe
B. the other
B. only
C. between
C. use
C. making
C. story
C. surprising
C. over
C. dreamy
C. lively
C. rested
C. senses
C. expected
C. lack
C. manage
C. Except
C.living
C. last
C. realize
C. all other
C. still
D. on
D. rise
D. changing
D. idea
D. interesting
D. During
D. peaceful
D. clear
D. troubled
D. effects
D. used
D. need
D. control
D. Rather than
D. waking
D. happen
D. allow
D. others
D. yet
To learn with your classmates is important in learning process.
At the b________I thought that learning was
none of others" business.I kept telling myself the truth
________the harder you study, the better grade
you get.________(遗憾), the truth seemed no
truth to me.It doesn"t w________ on all exams of
mine.No matter how hard I worked, I still
________(不及格). Each time I didn"t pass the
exam, I thought I hadn"t studied hard e________for
it.The situation didn"t look up________my
teacher suggested I should learn with my classmates.One day I
came a________a difficult problem.Keeping my
teacher"s advice in________, I turned to one of my
classmates for help and solved it________(顺利).
vacations, it can be a challenge to find time for learning.But kids" reading skills don"t have to grow cold
once school"s out.Here are some ways to make reading a natural part of their summer fun:
Explore your library.Visit your local library to check out books and magazines that your kids haven"t
seen before.Many libraries have summer reading programs, book clubs, and reading contests for even
the youngest borrowers.With a new library card, a child will feel extra grownup checking out books.
Read on the road.Going on a long car trip?Make sure the back seat is stocked with favorite reads.
When you"re not at the wheel, read the books aloud.Get some audiobooks (many libraries have large
selections) and listen to them together during driving time.
Make your own books.Pick one of your family"s favorite parts of summer-whether it"s baseball, ice
cream, or the pool-and have your child draw pictures of it or cut out pictures from magazines.Stick the
pictures onto paper to make a booklet and write text for it.When you"re done, read the book together.
Reread it whenever you like!
Keep in touch.Kids don"t have to go away to write about summer vacation.Even if your family stays
home, they can send postcards to tell friends and relatives about their adventures.Ask a relative to be
your child"s pen pal and encourage them to write each week.
Keep up the reading habits.Even if everything else changes during the summer, keep up the reading
routines around your house.Read with your kids every day-whether it"s just before bedtime or under a
shady tree on a lazy afternoon.And don"t forget to take a book to the beach!Just_brush_the_sand_off_
the_pages-it"s_no_sweat!
1. The purpose of the passage is to________.
A. encourage parents to read
B. give advice on raising kids
C. raise a good summer reader
D. suggest places for vacations
2. If you drive on a long trip in summer, you can________.
A. visit the local library and join book clubs
B. borrow some audiobooks to listen to
C. keep in touch with friends by sending postcards
D. read your own picture books with your son
3. By saying "Just brush the sand off the pages-it"s no sweat", the author means________.
A. taking away the sand on the book is very difficult
B. a special book is needed when you"re reading on the beach
C. one can remove the sand on the book with a brush easily
D. there"s no trouble reading even on the beach
4. Who are the intended readers of the passage?
A. Parents.
B. Students.
C. Teachers.
D. Editors.
their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgemental
(不作出评价的) listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心) , according to
Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the
country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education
Assistance Dogs( READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. "Literacy specialists admit that children who
read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower
self-respect, and regard reading as a headache," said Lisa Myron, manager of the children"s department.
Last November the two groups started " Dog Day Afternoon" in the children"s department of the main
library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour.
Those who attended three of the four classes received a "pawgraphed" book at the last class.
The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dada
Thumpowsky, public relations manager.
B. Advantages of raising dogs.
C. Service in a public library.
D. A special reading program.
B. children can play with dogs while reading
C. dogs can provide encouragement for shy children
D. children and dogs understand each other
B. accepts the idea put forward by ITA
C. has opened a children"s department
D. has decided to train some dogs
B. a book written by the children
C. a prize for the children
D. a gift from parents
- 1阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。 有人问躲在角落里的雨伞:“你在想什么?”伞笑了,它说:“雨天,不让大家的衣服被淋湿;
- 2下列反射活动中,哪项不是人类特有的( )A.听故事时感动得流泪B.闻到食物香味而分泌唾液C.画饼充饥D.谈虎色变
- 32008年7月,国际油价近150美元一桶。受全球金融危机影响,其后油价一路下跌,到2009年2月,国际油价已跌至34美元
- 4质量为M的汽车在平直公路上从静止开始以额定功率P启动,受到的阻力恒定,经过时间T达到最大速度V,则此过程中汽车受到的阻力
- 5在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线的顶点坐标是 ( )A.(1,0)B.(-1,0)C.(1,-1)D.(1,1)
- 6对号入座(把左边的言或行与右边的心理品质准确地连线)。①小明同学成绩一降再降,期末考试前问他爸爸保证:“这次一定考好。”
- 7在探究硬币上是否有细菌的小实验中,将硬币在细菌培养基表面轻轻一接,这一做法在细菌的一般培养方法中叫[ ]A.接种
- 8“窃惟通商以来……土货日少,漏溢日多,贫弱之患,何所底止!近来各省虽间有制造等局,然所造皆系军火,于民间日用之物,尚属阙
- 9【题文】依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是( )(2分)我把脸颊贴在窗玻璃上,带着享受的渴望
- 10下列各句都是省略句,其省略成分不同的一项是[ ]A.具告以事,欲呼张良与( )俱去B.封闭宫室,还军(
- 1Tommy and his mother go shopping(去购物) today. Tommy’s father
- 2下列词语中加粗的字,每组的读音完全相同的一组是[ ]A.强横/横暴 B.行头/行止 C.熨帖/熨
- 3请观察下面以《深表同情》为题的漫画,描述其内容,并指出其寓意。(5分)答:_______________________
- 4若∠α=39°21′38″,则∠α的补角为______.
- 5对我国影响最大的气候灾害是[ ]A、狂风和寒潮 B、梅雨和伏旱 C、霜冻和风沙 D、洪涝和干旱
- 6某同学在学习溶液的酸碱性时发现盐溶液NaCl呈中性Na2CO3溶液呈碱性,该同学认为有可能有的盐溶液会呈酸性,上网查资料
- 7Shaolin Temple is a very________action movie.[ ]A.sad
- 8如图所示,坦克有宽宽的履带,可以减小 ______;磁悬浮列车高速行使时,车体浮在铁轨上,与铁轨存在微小的空隙,可以减小
- 9下列体现社会行为的是( )A.雄狒狒争夺首领B.猎豹追捕羚羊C.乌贼释放墨汁D.蜻蜓点水
- 10阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(ABCD)中,选出可以填入空白的最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。In or