题目
题型：山西省同步题难度：来源：
Keeping a full social calendar may help protect you from dementia (痴呆), researchers said on
Monday.Socially active people who were not easily stressed had a 50 percent lower risk of developing
dementia compared with men and women who were isolated and prone to distress, they reported in the
journal Neurology.
"In the past, studies have shown that chronic distress (长期抑郁) can affect parts of the brain,
possibly leading to dementia, " HuiXin Wang of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, who led the study,
said in a statement."But our findings suggest that having a calm and outgoing personality in combination
with a socially active lifestyle may decrease the risk of developing dementia even further."
An estimated 24 million people worldwide have memory loss, problems with direction and other
symptoms that signal Alzheimer"s disease and other forms of dementia.Researchers believe the number of
people with dementia may quadruple (变为四倍) by 2050, underlining the importance of better
understanding the condition.
The Swedish study involved 506 elderly people who did not have dementia when first examined.The
volunteers were given questionnaires about their personality traits and lifestyles and then tracked for six
years.Over that time,144 people developed dementia with more socially active and less stressed men and women 50 percent less likely to be diagnosed with the condition.
"The good news is, lifestyle factors can be modified as opposed to genetic factors which cannot be
controlled, " Wang said."But these are early results, so how exactly mental attitude influences risk for
dementia is not clear."
1. Study suggests that________.
A. women have a 50 percent lower risk of developing dementia than men
B. 50 percent of elderly people have the risk of developing dementia
C. people with active lifestyles will never develop dementia
D. going to a party will cut the risk of developing dementia
2. ________people are believed to develop dementia in one year on average in the future 40 years.
A. About 1.8 million
B. About 24 million
C. About 72 million
D. About 96 million
3. It can be inferred that________could be a good way to decrease the risk of developing dementia.
A. living alone in a deserted island
B. modifying genetic factors
C. changing lifestyles
D. getting away from activities
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. It is not clear whether mental attitude influences the risk of developing dementia.
B. The people involved in the Swedish study are never diagnosed with dementia.
C. Memory loss, direction confusion could be the symptoms of dementia.
D. The number of people with calm and outgoing personality is growing.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Keeping a full social calendar may help protect you from dementia (痴呆),】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
climate is always right.The perfect crop field could be inside a windowless building with controlled light,
temperature,wetness,air quality and nutrition.It could be in a New York highrise or a complex in the
Saudi desert.
The world already is having trouble feeding itself.Half the people on Earth live in cities,and nearly half of
those-about 3 billion-are hungry or illfed.Food prices,currently increasing,are buffeted by dryness,floods
and the cost of energy required to plant,harvest and transport it. And prices will only get more unstable.
Climate change makes longterm crop planning uncertain.Farmers in many parts of the world already are
using water available to the last drop.And the world is getting more crowded:by midcentury,the global
population will grow from 6.8 billion to 9 billion.
To feed so many people may require expanding farmland at the expense of forests and wilderness,or
finding ways to completely increase crop output.
Gertjan Meeuws has taken the concept of a greenhouse a step further,growing vegetables and house
plants in enclosed (封闭的)and regulated environments.In their research station,water flows into the pans
when needed,and the temperature is kept constant.Lights go on and off,creating similar day and night,but
according to the rhythm of the plant.
A building of 100 square meters and 14 layers(层)of plants could provide a daily diet of 200 grams of
fresh fruit and vegetables to the entire population of Den Bosch,about 140,000 people.Their idea isn"t to
grow foods that require much space,like corn or potatoes.
Here sunlight is not only unnecessary but can be harmful.Plants need only specific wavelengths of light
to grow.Their growth rate is three times faster than under greenhouse conditions. They use about 90
percent less water than outdoors agriculture.And city farming means producing food near the consumer,
and there"s no need to transport it long distances.
B．The city people live a hard life.
C．The world has difficulty feeding its people.
D．The world"s population is increasing fast.
B．prevented
C．demanded
D．well achieved
B．Sunshine is in great need for plants.
C．Day and night depends on plants.
D．Air quality is controlled by plants.
B．is highly adaptable
C．resembles greenhouse agriculture
D．suits the production of corn
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
there is a growing field of health care known as music therapy, which uses music to treat diseases. Even
hospitals are beginning to use music therapy. This is not surprising, as music affects the body and mind in
many powerful ways.
Research has shown that quick music can make a person feel more alert, while slow music can
produce a calm, deep thinking state. Also, research has found that music can change brainwave activity
levels. This can help the brain to change speeds more easily on its own as needed, which means that
music can bring lasting benefits to your state of mind, even after you"ve stopped listening.
Breathing and heart rates can also be influenced by music. This can mean slower breathing, slower
heart rate. This is why music and music therapy can help reduce the damaging effects of long-term stress,
greatly promoting (促进) not only relaxation, but health.
Music can also be used to bring about a more positive state of mind by helping to keep worries away. Music has also been found to bring many other benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and reducing
the risk of strokes. It is no surprise that so many people are considering music as an important tool to
help the body become or stay healthy.
B. It is a research about music.
C. It is akind of musical effect on diseases.
D. It is the use of music method to help treat diseases.
B. quick music is not good for one"s health
C. slow music can help one to think more calmly and slowly
D. music will have less benefit after one stops listening
B. it can help change brainwaves
C. it does good to breathing and heart rates
D. it can bring a more positive state of mind
B. mind illnesses
C. strokes
D. high blood pressure
success.According to the study,if the cat is adopted before the dog,and if they are introduced when still
young (less than 6 months for cats,a year for dogs),it is highly probable that the two pets will get along
swimmingly.Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However,it wasn"t all sweetness and light.There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in
25% of the homes,while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite.For example,when a cat turns its head away it
signals aggression,while a dog doing the same signals submission.
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully,researchers observed a surprising behaviour.They are
learning how to talk each other"s language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk"Dog",and dogs can learn how to talk"Cat"．
What"s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence.They can learn to read each other"s body signals,suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously
suspected.Once familiar with each other"s presence and body language,cats and dogs can play together,
greet each other nose to nose,and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.They can easily share the same
water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理)each other.
The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don"t get along,
including neighbors,colleagues at work,and even world superpowers.If cats and dogs can learn to get
along,surely people have a good chance.
1．The underlined word "swimmingly" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．early
B．sweetly
C．quickly
D．smoothly
2．Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.
A．they are cold to each other
B．they look away from each other
C．they misunderstand each other"s signals
D．they are introduced at an early age
3．What is found surprising about cats and dogs?
A．They eat and sleep together.
B．They observe each other"s behaviours.
C．They learn to speak each other"s language.
D．They know something from each other"s voices.
4．It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.
A．have common interests
B．are less different than was thought
C．have a common body language
D．are less intelligent than was expected
5．What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?
A．We should learn to live in harmony.
B．We should know more about animals.
C．We should live in peace with animals.
D．We should learn more body languages.
older?Try picking up the phone and speaking to someone.Scientists have found that holding a simple
conversation could be just as effective as playing popular "braintraining" games that have reproduced a
multimillion pound industry.
Researchers compared 36 studies on memory exercises performed between 1970 and 2007.Some
studies suggested both healthy older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment (轻度认知缺陷)
could remember words better after some memory training.
However,other studies found this improvement was matched by those who were asked to hold a
discussion about art.
The finding that social interaction could be just as effective at keeping memory loss at bay comes after Age Concern warned more than a million people aged over 65 lived alone in their own homes.The charity warned solitary lifestyles were a "silent epidemic (静默的流行病)"spreading through the nation quickly.
Dr Martin said most people experienced a cognitive decline in old age.This can include memory loss
and inability to plan,pay close attention or perform tasks as quickly as before.The normal rate of decline
seems to speed up in some people,leading to a condition called mild cognitive impairment,which some
researchers see as a reason for developing mental diseases later in life.
Although several studies have suggested that braintraining exercises could delay signs of cognitive
decline,the studies and the types of training have many different kinds.The findings do not mean that longer,more intense or different exercises might not be effective,but that those which have been reported thus far
have only limited effect.
Dr Martin concluded researchers needed to improve the way they used their studies to eventually
determine ways of preventing cognitive decline in old age.
1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．People should play more "braintraining" games.
B．Training has a great effect on our health.
C．Having a conversation can improve memory
D．People have no ways to improve memory
2．What does the underlined word "solitary" probably mean?
A．Unhealthy.
B．Alone.
C．Enjoying being alone.
D．Lacking patience.
3．Mild cognitive impairment can cause people to ________.
A．have mental diseases
B．develop physical diseases
C．worry about the coming of old age
D．escape from the reality in life
4．What message can be implied in the passage?
A．Most people suffer from memory loss.
B．There are more social problems to be settled at present.
C．No one can prevent old age from coming.
D．Whether "braintraining" exercises have a great effect on memory is not sure.
5．The passage would be of great help to ________.
A．children
B．housewives
C．elderly people
D．badtempered people
What to Expect
The host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.
Accommodation Zones
Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2,3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential (居住的)．Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area.It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.
Meal Plans Available
◇Continental Breakfast
◇Breakfast and Dinner
◇Breakfast,Packed Lunch and Dinner
It"s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast.Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice,cereal (谷物类食品),bread and tea or coffee.Cheese,fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England.Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert,fruit and coffee.
Friends
If you wish to invite a friend over to visit,you must first ask your host"s permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.
SelfCatering Accommodation in Private Homes
Accommodation on a roomonly basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the longstay student.However,it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.
1．The passage is probably written for ________.
A．hosts willing to receive foreign students
B．foreigners hoping to build British culture
C．travellers planning to visit families in London
D．English learners applying to live in English homes
2．Which of the following will the host provide?
A．Room cleaning.
B．Medical care.
C．Free transport.
D．Physical training.
3．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A．Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.
B．The business centre of London is in Zone 1.
C．Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre.
D．Accommodation in the city centre is not provided.
4．According to the passage,what does Continental Breakfast include?
A．Dessert and coffee.
B．Fruit and vegetables.
C．Bread and fruit juice.
D．Cereal and cold meat.
5．Why do some people choose selfcatering accommodation?
A．To experience a warmer family atmosphere.
B．To enrich their knowledge of English.
C．To entertain friends as they like.
D．To enjoy much more freedom.
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