题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Washington — The largest ozone (臭氧)hole ever observed has opened up over Antarctica, according to the scientists of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). They believe it is a sign that ozone — destroying gases produced years ago are just now causing the largest quantities of ozone to disappear.
This year’s South Pole ozone hole spreads over about 28.5 million square kilometers, an area three times larger than the landmass of the United States.
Pictures of the hole have been offered by NASA. The hole appears as a giant blue mass, totally covering Antarctica and stretching to the southern tip of South America.
“The last time the ozone hole was close to this size was in 1998, when it spread over about 27.2 million square kilometers,” NASA said.
Paul Newman, who works with NASA’s Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instrument on a NASA satellite, said ozone watchers had expected a big hole this year, but not this big.
The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in 1985, is caused by the depletion (损耗) of Earth protecting ozone by human-made chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons, known as CFCs.
“Even though these chemicals were not allowed to use from the beginning of 1987, they remain in the atmosphere and will continue to do so for years,” Newman said.
“This year’s large hole may have been caused by a change in a swirling high-level air current over Antarctica, which circles the area and contains the zone hole,” Newman said.
56. The text is mainly about ____ .
A. the discovery of the largest ozone hole B. the discovery of the Antarctica ozone hole
C. the history of the Antarctica ozone hole D. the size of the largest ozone hole
57. The time 1985 was talked about in the text because it was when the Antarctica ozone hole ____ .
A. was watched by Newman B. was first closed C. disappeared D. was first watched
58. There is a giant ozone hole over Antarctica because ____ over there.
A. human-made chemicals have protected ozone B. ozone has protected the earth
C. human-made chemicals have destroyed ozone D. human-made chemicals have increased ozone
答案
解析
Passage A 本文讲述了由于一些化学物质的使用，南极上空的臭氧层被破坏，希望引起人们的重视，
停止使用破坏臭氧层的化学物质，以保护我们赖以生存的地球。
56.A。主旨大意题。纵观全文，主要是围绕着最大的臭氧洞的发现论述的。
57.D。本题为细节考查题。由第六段中的“The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in 1985...”可得出答案。
58.C。本题为细节考查题。可根据第六段中的“The Antarctica ozone hole, first observed in 1985, is caused by the depletion (损耗) of Earth-protecting ozone by human-made chemicals...”得出答案。
核心考点
试题【Washington — The largest ozone (臭氧)hole ever observed has opened up over Antarct】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Brittnie, 10, laughed. Her mom cried.
They live at the Salvation Army Door of Hope, a living center for homeless women and their children. Photojournalist Linda Solomon met them in August when she came to the
facility and taught boys and girls, ages three-and-a-half to 13, how to take pictures. She gave them all disposable cameras and told them to capture images that reflected their dreams. The children"s images - a big house, a church, a playground, a backyard and more - are kept. This is a project called“Pictures of Hope" organized by the Salvation Army"I wish to go to college, so I took a picture of the sign out in front of San Diego State University," Brittnie said last month. The Fletcher Elementary School fifth-grader was pointing to the Christmas card bearing her photograph.
Adrienne Finley, development director at the Salvation Army, hosted a reception for Solomon, who told Finley about the president of a small university who gave a child the scholarship she dreamed of last year.
Finley called his old friend, Herrick, who serves as the SDSU President. "We have a wonderful opportunity here to make a difference in a little girl"s life," Finley said. Soon her mom and Brittnie were face to face with SDSU President Jim Herrick.
"You must be Brittnie," he said, reaching out to shake her hand. She quickly pulled her hands out of the pockets of the new SDSU sweatshirt she had been given that morning.
They sat down at a table in his office and talked about college, about science, about her love of math and his hope that she and other girls wouldn"t lose interest in those subjects, as happens to many girls as they grow older.
Then they talked about how much discipline she would need over the next eight years to make her dream come true. Both signed the paper outlining their agreement to the terms of the scholarship. Back outside on the sunny campus, Brittnie admitted she"s tempted sometimes not to do her homework. "But not anymore," she said.
小题1:According to the first paragraph, we can know that________.
| A．it is certain that Brittnie will be admitted into SDSU |
| B．Brittnie will not need to pay for her university education if she can study in SDSU. |
| C．Jim Herrick promised Brittnie’s mother to offer her a job in SDSU. |
| D．Brittnie made a promise that she would never give up her dream. . |
| A．recruit young men and young women to help others |
| B．provide shelters for homeless moms and their children |
| C．carry out some projects to help those who are in trouble |
| D．help homeless people no matter who they are |
A. Linda Solomon taught children photography to inspire them.
B. Children told people about their dreams through their pictures.
C. Brittnie took a picture standing at the gate of SDSC.
D. Brittnie’s picture was so good that it was printed on a Christmas card.
小题4:From what Ferrick said to Brittnie, we can infer that_______.
| A．Ferrick has a strong belief that Brittnie will be a scientist in the future. |
| B．Brittnie, as well as some other girls, is interested in both science and math. |
| C．some girls would not be so good in science and math as boys as they grow older. |
| D．Brittnie will never lose interest in science because of her deep love |
the agreement about the scholarship ?
| A．Encouraged | B．Calm | C．Nervous | D．Proud |
If there"s a woman’s trait(特点) which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it"s what social scientists refer to as the result of "education". Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers(学步者) learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues（非言语暗示） from others. And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust.
What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don" t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women" s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere.
Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often. Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.
小题1:The passage mainly discusses__________.
| A．how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations | B．how hormone determines sex differences | C．why there are differences between males and females | D．why men and women have different social roles |
| A．It is not inborn in any sense. |
| B．It is inspired by women’s families. |
| C．It is caused by social prejudice. |
| D．It is partly biological in origin. |
| A．women are not as competitive as men |
| B．law is not the fight profession for women |
| C．women are as excellent as men when they are young |
| D．academic qualities are not equal to performance |
| A．Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often. |
| B．Female leaders" success is due to their imitating male leaders. |
| C．Men and women are different in their leadership style. |
| D．Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician. |
| A．denies the difference sexes make in real life |
| B．is prejudiced against men |
| C．discourages women to be competitive |
| D．treats sex difference objectively |
My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. They were not without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years’ teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.
In China, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand.
With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there’s the “thousand-talent scheme”: this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries about China’s research environment. It"s hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.
At last, for China, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnerships with top Western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. It’s about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It’s not that simple.
小题1:Why does the author feel disappointed at his students?
| A．Because there is one group presenting a catering service. |
| B．Because the six groups made projects for restaurant chains. |
| C．Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic. |
| D．Because the students’ ideas were lacking in creativeness. |
| A．Papers were often downloaded from the Internet. |
| B．Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy. |
| C．Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem. |
| D．Case study debates were written up as well as recited. |
| A．timetable | B．theme | C．project | D．policy |
| A．China can make and sell any product all over the world |
| B．high pay may not solve the problem of China’s research environment |
| C．cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand |
| D．the new government program are aimed at encouraging imagination |
| A．Look for a New Way of Learning | B．Reward Creative Thinking |
| C．How to Become a Creator | D．Establish a technical Environment |
Four years ago Bobby was in Rwanda offering help to the people there and taking photos of a child soldier named Moise with his “soccer ball”，which was a pile of rubbish tied together with a string. This “ball” was the only thing Moise could call his own --- no family, no home, no place to go. Forced to fight in the Congo and having killed three people at the unbearably young age of seven, the boy’s spirit was broken. And Bobby knew, as he took one photo after the next, that he’d never forget him. In fact, he returned the following year to tell Moise he had stayed deep within his heart ---but he was gone.
I recently helped Bobby launch his new book The Power of the Invisible Sun which features a photo of Moise, his ball, and kids from war-torn areas around the world. All of his earnings go towards the HOPE IS A GAME-CHANGER PROJECT for the kids he visited over the past decade. They caught the emotional landscape from heartbreak to joy, but share the undeniable longing for recovery and hope.
Bobby and I share the unchangeable belief that delivering hope is really a game-changer, especially to a child. We believe that each indestructible ball will come to represent a lasting symbol of hope. A light no matter how small---The Power of the Invisible Sun.
This holiday season, I ask you to think about whether you are doing enough to help someone else in the world. Or as Bobby likes to put it, consider “taking a concrete baby step”, which added together, can create transformational change. It’s my great hope that the HOPE IS A GAME-CHANGER PROJECT will change the lives of children the world over --- one book, one ball at a time.
小题1:In the first sentence of the passage, the writer implies that .
| A．kids live an unsafe life in parts of the world |
| B．the balls sent to kids should be of good quality |
| C．young kids can not overcome the difficulties |
| D．kids intend to break their toys into pieces |
| A．send ball gifts to kids in poor countries |
| B．collect money to help kids in need |
| C．comfort kids in war-torn areas |
| D．offer kids help to change their lives |
| A．He was very proud of Mosie’s bravery. |
| B．He felt sorry for Mosie’s ruined childhood. |
| C．He thought money could solve Mosie’s problem. |
| D．He felt happy to tell him what was in his heart. |
| A．It earned a lot of money to help kids like Mosie. |
| B．The photos inside reflected the kids’ hopeless life. |
| C．Its title shows the author’s belief to change the world. |
| D．It changed the life of the kids recorded in the book. |
| A．starting the first step as a baby does |
| B．taking an active action from now on |
| C．making great changes step by step |
| D．doing some small but good deeds |
Your interest in the subject is the essential driver of success. You can’t learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning 2 . If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable 3 , you may find that the subject grows on you.
Don’t expect to understand things, much less remember them, the first time you study them. Trust that things will get clearer 4 your brain comes to grips with new information. It is like a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but 5 its own schedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Some things are easier to learn than others. Some things just take 6 to click in. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first , will become easy with time.
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to 7 new input from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. If you are stuck, move 8 . Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a podcast, or an online lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, roaming the countryside, 9 a feedlot learner, just standing there in one spot. The broader your base, the easier it is to learn. Just as the “rich get richer”, the more you know, 10 you can learn.
Take full advantage of the Internet, iTunes, and 11 mobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books and magazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on the train, or 12 jogging. Have your learning with you while waiting in the doctor’s office, or listen while checking out at the supermarket. Anytime is 13 time. Remember, you are learning through exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more like moisture accumulation in a 14 , rather than building a brick wall.
The more varied your learning content, and the more varied the ways in which you learn, the 15 the puzzle will become. Different learning activities suit different people, at different times of the day. Vary your activities in order to keep your interest level 16 . Even if listening and reading work best for you, treat yourself to the odd video lecture, or get-together with other learners. This will renew your batteries.
The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of the 17 . Join a learning communityon the web, where members share their knowledge and experience. Search for the communities that suit your interests and learning style. You will find encouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, 18 from tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you can measure your progress against your own goals, or compare your experience 19 that of other learners. You can even teach and help others, which is a great way to learn.
Never has it been easier nor more exciting to be a learner. Let constant learning be a major part of your life-style. The 20 will be constant, personally, socially, and professionally.
( ) 1. A. advantage B. place C. possession D. example
( ) 2. A. progress B. process C. pressure D. proposal
( ) 3. A. roads B. streets C. routines D. building
( ) 4. A. with B. if C. unless D. as
( ) 5. A. on B. to C. with D. for
( ) 6. A. shorter B. sooner C. longer D. lower
( ) 7. A. take with B. com with C. go with D. cope with
( ) 8. A. down B. on C. away D. off
( ) 9. A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. other than
( ) 10. A. less B. quicker C. lower D. more
( ) 11. A. same B. similar C. familiar D. various
( ) 12. A. while B. before C. after D. if
( ) 13. A. playing B. learning C. talking D. speaking
( ) 14. A. cloud B. sky C. earth D. sea
( ) 15. A. cleaner B. clearer C. harder D. lower
( ) 16. A. down B. up C. in D. out
( ) 17. A. present B. day C. past D. night
( ) 18. A. as long asB. as far as C. as well as D. as soon as
( ) 19. A. without B. with C. to D. beyond
( ) 20. A. awards B. words C. remarks D. rewards
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